SiC晶须对Al2O3／TiB2／SiCw陶瓷刀具材料高温断裂韧性的影响

研究了不同ＳｉＣ晶须含量的Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＴｉＢ２／ＳｉＣｗ陶瓷刀具材料的断裂韧性随温度的变化规律。结果表明：Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＴｉＢ２／ＳｉＣＷ陶瓷材料的Ｋ１Ｃ在１０００℃内随温度的升高而增大；晶须含量越大，通过计算分析表明，随温度的升高粘裂时拔出的晶须大大增多，当晶须体积含量（下同）为２０％时，Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＴｉＢ２／ＳｉＣｗ陶瓷在室温时只有长径比小于２．８７的晶须在断裂时才有可能产生拔出，而在９００℃时     

导电Al2O3基陶瓷刀具材料的超声—放电复合加工技术研究

采用超声－放电复合加工技术对Ａｌ２Ｏ３／（Ｗ,Ｔｉ）Ｃ,Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＴｉＢ２,Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＴｉＢ２／ＳｉＣｗ三种Ａｌ２Ｏ３基陶瓷刀具材料表面定位方孔进行加工,研究了共加工机理和加工参数对不同陶瓷材料加工效率,加工表面粗糙度的影响,由于该复合加工技术有产地结合了超扬波加工和放电加工的特点,因而能高效,高质量地加工陶瓷材料。试验结果表明,在同样的加工条件下,材料去除率的大小顺序为Ａｌ２Ｏ３／（Ｗ,Ｔｉ     

Al2O3／SiCW陶瓷刀具材料中晶须的取向对其力学和切削性能的影响

Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣＷ陶瓷刀具材料由于热压过程的影响，造成晶须在基体中定向排布于垂直热压方向的平面上，因此不同方向的补强、增韧效果有所差异。本工作测量了Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣＷ陶瓷刀具材料不同方向上的断裂韧性和抗弯强度，分析了晶须的取向对该陶瓷刀具材料力学性能的影响。切削试验表明晶须的取向对晶须增韧陶瓷刀具材料的磨损和破损性能有较好的影响。根据切削加工过程中刀具的受力特点，提出了有利于切削加工的刀具前、     

氧化对Al2O3—TiB2陶瓷刀具材料磨损特性的影响

研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＢ２陶瓷刀具材料的高温氧化特性以及氧化对刀具耐磨性能的影响。结果表明，随ＴｉＢ２含量的增加，Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＢ２的氧化活化能降低，抗化能力下降。Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＢ２刀具材料在加工淬火钢时，因切削高温的氧化作用在刀具表面生成的ＴｉＯ２既可将轻刀具的粘结磨损，又能起到固体润滑剂的作用，从而降低摩擦系数，因而提高刀具的耐磨性能。     

氧化对Al_2O_3－TiB_2陶瓷刀具材料磨损特性的影响

研究了Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－ＴｉＢ_２陶瓷刀具材料的高温氧化特性以及氧化对刀具耐磨性能的影响。结果表明：随ＴｉＢ_２含量的增加，Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－ＴｉＢ_２的氧化活化能降低，抗氧化能力下降．Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－ＴｉＢ_２刀具材料在加工淬火钢时，因切削高温的氧化作用在刀具表面生成的ＴｉＯ_２既可减轻刀具的粘结磨损，又能起到固体润滑剂的作用，从而降低摩擦系数，因而提高刀具的耐磨性能。当切削速度大于１５０ｍ／ｍｉｎ时，随ＴｉＢ_２含量的增加，刀具抗磨损能力显著提高。     

晶须含量对Al2O3＋SiCw陶瓷刀具切削加工时磨损和破损的影响

晶须含量不同将影响到Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３３＋ＳｉＣ＿ｗ陶瓷刀具材料的力学性能，由此将进一步影响到该刀具材料切削加工时的抗磨损和破损性能。本文试验了不同晶须含量的Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３＋ＳｉＣ＿ｗ陶瓷刀具在连续切削时的抗磨损性能和断续切削时的抗破损性能。结果表明，晶须含量对该刀具材料的磨损和破损有很大的影响。因此在实际应用中应根据刀具损坏方式的不同分别选用不同晶须含量的Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３＋ＳｉＣ＿ｗ刀具材料，以充分发挥该刀具材料的增韧补强效果。     

新型复相陶瓷刀具材料Jx-2-I协同增韧补强机理的研究

本文研制成功的新型陶瓷刀具材料—ＳｉＣ晶须（ＳｉＣｗ）增韧和ＳｉＣ颗粒弥散增韧Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷刀具Ｊｘ－２－Ｉ,该刀具材料具有高的抗弯强度和断裂韧性等优点;对比Ａ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）、ＡＰ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣｐ）、ＡＷ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣｗ）、Ｊｘ－１（Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣｗ）和Ｊｘ－２－１（Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣｐ／ＳｉＣｗ）等陶瓷材料的力学性能可以看出,在Ｊｘ－２－Ｉ材料中具有明显的增韧补强叠加效应;本文在热失配分析和微观结构观察的基础上详细研究了Ｊｘ－２－Ｉ刀具材料的增韧补强机理,系统研究了Ｊｘ－２－Ｉ中各种增韧补强机理之间的协同效应。     

Al2O3—TiB2陶瓷刀具材料的高温氧化及其对刀具耐磨性能的影响

研究了Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＢ２陶瓷刀具材料在１０００℃下的氧化行为，用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ分析了氧化后的相组成及显微结构。结果表明：Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＢ２陶瓷材料在１０００℃空气中氧化增重符合抛物线规律；随ＴｉＢ２含量的增加，该材料的抗氧化能力下降。     

SiCw增韧Al2O3／TiB2陶瓷复合材料的研究

根据对晶须与基体材料的热胀失配的分析，计算得出了Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＴｉＢ２／ＳｉＣｗ三元复合材料中ＳｉＣｗ的临界体积分数。采用ＴｉＢ２颗粒增韧和ＳｉＣｗ增韧两种途径来改善Ａｌ２Ｏ３的脆性，得到此复合材料的抗弯强度为７４０ＭＰａ，断裂韧性为７．７ＭＰａ·ｍ＾１／２。分析表明：当ＳｉＣｗ含量大于临界体积分数时，强度大幅降低的主要原因是由于致密度的降低和热残余拉应力的增大。     

晶须的取向对Al2O3／TiB2／SiCW陶瓷复合材料高温耐磨性能的影响

研究了晶须的取向对Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＴｉＢ２／ＳｉＣＷ陶瓷复合材料在下空气和氮气氢气中与硬质合金摩副往复滑动摩擦时的耐磨性能的影响。结果表明：该材料表面的耐磨性能随θ角的不同而变化，随θ角的增大，材料表面的耐磨性能提高。在高温空气氢气中摩擦时，由于ＳｉＣ晶面的氧化使得材料表面晶须的增韧补强作用削弱，加速了材料的磨损。通入氮气有利于减轻ＳｉＣ晶须的氧化，可提高瓣耐磨性能。     

Investigation of novel multiscale textures for the enhancement of the cutting performance of Al2O3/TiC ceramic cutting tools

Currently, the high temperature and severe friction conditions at the tool-chip interface are the main reasons for ceramic tool wear failures. Surface texturing as a geometric extension for cutting tools is a promising way to extend their service life. In this study, a novel type of multiscale texture was developed, and its effect on the cutting performance of an Al₂O₃/TiC ceramic cutting tool while machining AISI H13 steel was explored in a conventional cooling environment. The cutting force, cutting temperature, and tool wear morphology were investigated at cutting velocities ranging from 80 to 249 m/min. Microgroove textured Al₂O₃/TiC ceramic tools were prepared for comparison. The results show that the structure of the multiscale textures maintained good integrity over the range of cutting velocities. Thus, the synergistic effect of the microscale and nanoscale textures promoted the introduction and permeation of the cutting fluid. Therefore, the multiscale textures effectively enhanced the cutting performance of the Al₂O₃/TiC ceramic tools.     

Cutting performance and wear mechanism of TiB2-B4C ceramic cutting tools in high speed turning of Ti6Al4V alloy

TiB₂–20vol%B₄C (TB20) and TiB₂–80vol%B₄C (TB80) ceramic cutting tool materials were prepared by hot pressing, and then tested in turning of Ti6Al4V alloy with various cutting parameters. The tool life and wear mechanism of TB20 and TB80 were studied and compared with a commercial grade tungsten carbide tool (WO). The results of turning showed that effective cutting length of TB20 was about one third longer than that of TB80 and WO. Among the three tools, the increment of cutting temperature measured for TB20 was the lowest as flank wear increased from 0 to 600?µm. Analysis showed that dominant wear mechanism was adhesive wear in all of the three tools tested, while chipping was also observed in TB80 and temperature deterioration in WO. In addition, the TB20 exhibited a much better integrity of cutting edge after flank wear reaching 600?µm, due to its higher toughness than TB80 and higher thermal resistance than WO, respectively. The adhesive layers of work-piece material on the rake and flank faces of both TB20 and TB80 were much thinner than that of WO, which suggested a lower adhesive wear rate in TiB₂-B₄C cutting tools. The high wear resistance of TiB₂-B₄C cutting tools is attributed to higher thermal resistance, higher hardness, and lower chemical affinity with titanium as compared with tungsten carbides, which makes them very promising materials for high speed machining of titanium alloys.     

Nucleation mode selection during formation and growth of molten removal particles in Al2O3 ceramics laser cutting

Because of the multiple selections on different crystalline faces in nucleation process of α-alumina, it is necessary to confirm the nucleation mode and growth mechanism of molten removal particles produced by alumina ceramics laser cutting. A model based on driving force of Helmholtz and Gibbs free energies is built to compare different critical nucleation sizes and corresponding nucleation barriers among several crystal planes. The calculation shows that when alumina ceramic is cooled and solidified from a molten state, the material is preferably nucleated in the parallelepiped model with extension and stack along the $(11\overline{2}0)$ plane. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy detections are taken to verify the nucleation mode that the morphologies thereof are shown as corners of an octahedron or edges of hexagons in different section directions. A pyramid stacking growth mode of spherical particles is proposed to coincide with the hollow micro morphology. The analysis concludes this model is feasible and it makes contribution to the potential application of removal particles for the field of ceramic powder metallurgy during laser processing.     

流量对硫酸钠-乙酸废水的切割分离因素的影响

论述了含硫酸钠与乙酸废水电渗析分离中 ,流量对分离过程中各种性能参数 (单程脱盐 (酸 )率、绝对脱盐 (酸 )量、耗电量、电流效率、选择脱除系数 )的影响 ,通过对选择脱除系数的分析 ,提出了通过控制流量而达到电渗析分步切割分离硫酸钠与乙酸的可能性。为离子废水的综合治理提供了一条新路     

Applicability of DLC and WC/C low friction coatings on Al2O3/TiCN mixed ceramic cutting tools for dry machining of hardened 52100 steel

The present work examines the applicability of DLC and WC/C low friction coatings on Al₂O₃/TiCN based mixed ceramic cutting tools for the dry and hard turning of AISI 52100 steel (62 HRC). The characterization of coated tools reveals that the coatings retain very low values of surface roughness, whereas the DLC coating exhibits much higher microhardness when compared to the WC/C coating. On the other hand, the WC/C coating exhibit a coarse surface morphology virtually due to the tungsten doping. Later, continuous turning tests were executed with the help of coated and uncoated cutting tools under dry cutting conditions, and their performance was investigated in terms of machining forces, cutting temperature and tool wear. Coating delamination by flaking and peeling is quite prominent in the case of both the coatings; however, it is less severe for the WC/C coated tool. The coatings help to reduce machining forces, cutting temperatures and tool wear, but the performance of coated tools converge towards uncoated tool as the cutting speed, and feed rate is increased. Both the coatings prevent the development of cracks near the cutting edge with WC/C coating exhibiting superior wear behavior basically due to its multilayered structure and better thermal stability. Moreover, the tested low friction coatings don't serve as thermal barriers and only the lubrication generated due to graphitization at the chip-tool interface is mostly responsible for the improved machining performance.     

PE/PP皮芯型复合超短纤维生产技术

本文从原丝质量控制、原料选择、油剂的选用和工艺条件等方面介绍了PE/PP(聚乙烯/聚丙烯)皮芯复合超短纤维生产技术，指出分散性是超短纤维最主要的控制指标，3mm纤维是超短纤维的发展趋势．     

PcBN刀具在干切削中的应用研究

文章探讨了干切削对刀具、工件和机床的要求,并从PcBN刀具干切削金属软化效应、加工表面质量以及刀具磨损等方面介绍了PcBN刀具在干切削中的适应性研究方面的进展情况,以期引起重视,更充分发挥PcBN刀具的潜在性能。     

提高陶瓷刀具性能的技术途径与应用研究

陶瓷刀具具有优良的切削性能。对陶瓷刀具的种类、性能和应用进行了论述,指出了提高陶瓷刀具性能的发展方向。     

The System Na2O-CaO-SiO2-H2O

A portion of the quaternary phase diagram for Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂-H₂O has been constructed. Plotting concentrations as their 10th roots allows compounds having solubilities which differ by several orders of magnitude to be represented on a single diagram. The compositional relationships among sodium-substituted calcium silicate hydrate, calcium-substituted sodium silicate hydrate, calcium bydroxide, a quaternary compound of approximate composition 0.25Na₂O · CaO · SiO₂· 3H₂O, sodium hydroxide monohydrate, and miscellaneous sodium silicate hydrates are presented. The quaternary diagram constructed shows the quaternary compound to exist in equilibrium with sodium-substituted calcium silicate hydrate and calcium hydroxide. Conditions in concrete pore solutions which favor the formation of this quaternary compound may also favor the occurrence of the alkali-silica reaction.