不同粒径炭黑对宽温域高阻尼橡胶材料阻尼和力学性能的影响

研究了炭黑的粒径和用量对硫黄硫化的天然橡胶/异戊橡胶/顺丁橡胶(质量比50/30/20)宽温域高阻尼橡胶材料结合胶含量、阻尼性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,炭黑的粒径越大,其形成的结合胶含量越少,宽温域高阻尼橡胶材料硫化胶的损耗因子最大值越大,阻尼性能就越好。随着炭黑粒径的增大,硫化胶的拉伸强度、扯断伸长率、邵尔A硬度逐渐减小,力学性能有所降低;在填充相同粒径炭黑的情况下,随着炭黑用量的增加,硫化胶的拉伸强度、扯断伸长率、邵尔A硬度逐渐增大,力学性能有所提高。     

交联密度对天然橡胶动态性能的影响

研究了交联密度对分别用炭黑和白炭黑补强的天然橡胶硫化胶动态力学性能、压缩屈挠性能的影响。结果表明：提高交联密度可以降低炭黑或白炭黑补强的天然橡胶硫化胶的损耗因子,减少压缩屈挠生热,提高橡胶材料的耐疲劳性能。     

弹性元件橡胶材料的压缩生热性能研究

研究了生胶种类、炭黑类型、炭黑用量和硫化体系对橡胶压缩生热温升及力学性能的影响。结果表明,采用单一天然橡胶或异戊橡胶作弹性元件橡胶材料,其压缩生热最低;采用炭黑N330作补强剂,橡胶材料具有一定的抗破坏能力;当炭黑N330用量为25份左右时,橡胶材料具有最优力学性能和耐疲劳性能;以NR和25份炭黑N330为配方主体,采用专用硫化体系制备的弹性元件具有优良的耐疲劳性能。     

改性炭黑对天然橡胶/顺丁橡胶并用胶性能的影响

采用3种方法对传统炭黑进行表面改性,考察了改性前后炭黑表面形貌及结构的变化,并采用改性炭黑填充天然橡胶（NR）/顺丁橡胶（BR）并用胶,考察了改性炭黑对并用胶力学性能、硫化特性及动态力学性能等的影响。结果表明,与未改性炭黑相比,细化粒径、调高pH值及木质素改性处理后,炭黑表面的粗糙程度增加;且细化改性炭黑具有更高的比表面积,调高pH值改性炭黑具有更多疏松的二次结构,木质素改性炭黑粒径略有增加。对于炭黑填充NR/BR,用细化粒径及调高pH值方法处理的炭黑进行填充,NR/BR硫化胶的力学性能、耐磨性能及抗湿滑性均得到明显改善,但硫化延迟效应明显;木质素改性后,炭黑填充胶的力学性能、耐磨性能均出现不同程度的降低。     

炭黑品种对ACM/ECO并用胶性能的影响

研究炭黑品种对ACM/氯醚橡胶(ECO)并用胶硫化特性、物理性能、耐热老化性能、耐油性能和动态力学性能的影响.结果表明;炭黑品种对ACM/ECO并用胶的焦烧时间和正硫化时间影响不大;随着炭黑粒径的增大、结构度降低,ACM/ECO并用胶的拉伸强度、拉断伸长率、撕裂强度、压缩永久变形和耐油性能均有不同程度的下降;炭黑粒径对ACM/ECO并用胶的耐热老化性能和玻璃化温度影响不大,炭黑粒径大的并用胶tanδ值较大.     

Effect of MAH modified carbon black on dynamic mechanical properties of vulcanized natural rubber

用DMA研究了马来酸酐预处理炭黑对硫化天然橡胶动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,马来酸酐预处理炭黑有利于降低天然橡胶的滚动阻力。     

硅烷偶联剂KH550对炭黑填充天然橡胶性能的影响

研究不同用量的硅烷偶联剂KH550对炭黑填充天然橡胶的硫化特性、物理性能和动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,硅烷偶联剂KH550的加入缩短了焦烧时间和正硫化时间;硅烷偶联剂KH550添加量为2份时邵尔A型硬度和拉伸强度达到最大值,拉断伸长率有所降低,回弹性和压缩永久变形性能有明显改善;硅烷偶联剂KH550的加入能有效降低炭黑的Payne效应,提高胶料的交联密度及炭黑的分散性,硫化胶损耗因子和动态生热降低,动态力学性能明显改善。     

酵母菌生物脱硫胎面胶粉及其填充天然橡胶的力学性能

用酵母菌对胎面胶粉(GTR)进行了生物脱硫实验,考察了酵母菌与GTR共培养脱硫过程中酵母菌的生长情况,对比了GTR和脱硫GTR(DGTR)填充天然橡胶(NR)硫化胶的交联密度、表面元素含量和力学性能.结果表明,在共培养脱硫过程中酵母菌依然可以保持较高的生物量,脱硫6 d后可获得生物脱硫的GTR.随着胶粉用量的增加,填充NR硫化胶的交联密度和力学性能逐渐降低.相比较GTR/NR硫化胶,DGTR/NR硫化胶的表面硫元素含量和交联密度更低,力学性能明显提高.     

紫炭黑/天然橡胶复合材料的制备及性能研究

以黄原胶为辅助剂,采用湿法制备紫炭黑/天然橡胶(NR)复合颗粒胶,研究了紫炭黑用量对紫炭黑/NR复合材料硫化特性、力学性能、加工性能和动态性能的影响。结果表明,紫炭黑/NR颗粒胶粒径大小均一,紫炭黑未渗出或散开,紫炭黑和天然胶乳共凝效果较好;紫炭黑的添加可以改善复合材料的物理性能,当紫炭黑用量为20份时,复合材料综合性能较好;橡胶加工分析(RPA)表明,紫炭黑的加入使复合材料的tanδ增加,弹性模量降低,加工性能得到改善。     

炭黑并用对NR／ENR共混胶力学性能及减震性能的影响

对比N660研究了N330／N660、N660／N990炭黑填充体系对天然橡胶（NR）／环氧化天然橡胶（ENR）共混胶力学性能、压缩疲劳生热性能及减震性能的影响,并采用橡胶加工分析仪（RPA）对其加工性能进行了分析。结果表明：N660／N330和N660／N990两种填充体系硫化胶的力学性能,基本上是单用一种炭黑所得硫化胶力学性能的加权平均;不同粒径炭黑并用均能使共混胶的贮能模量E′下降,并且有利于拓宽NR／ENR减震材料的减震范围;不同粒径炭黑并用有利于改善NR／ENR共混胶料的加工性能。     

不同粒径炭黑填充的氯化聚乙烯/氯丁橡胶共混胶的性能

采用不同粒径的炭黑填充氯化聚乙烯/氯丁二烯(CM/CR)共混胶,研究了炭黑粒径对其分散性、共混胶硫化特性、物理机械性能、动态力学性能和耐油性的影响。结果表明,随炭黑粒径的增大,CM/CR共混胶的门尼黏度减小,正硫化时间延长;粒径太小或太大均不利于炭黑在共混胶中的分散;不同粒径炭黑的填充胶均表现出Payne效应,粒径越小的炭黑对共混胶的增强效果越好,填充胶的耐油性越好,但Payne效应也最明显。     

用作载重子午线轮胎胎面胶的炭黑填充粉末NR结构与性能研究

以天然胶乳和炭黑N234为原料,采用凝聚共沉法制备炭黑填充型粉末NR[P(NR/CB)],研究炭黑用量和不同配方对胶料硫化特性、物理性能、交联密度、微观结构、Payne效应及动态力学性能的影响,并与采用传统机械混炼法制备的炭黑/NR(CB/NR)进行对比.结果表明,与CB/NR硫化胶相比,P(NR/CB)硫化胶具有较高的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、回弹值和抗湿滑性能以及较低的滚动阻力,耐屈挠性能和耐磨性能大致相当,而动态压缩生热和压缩永久变形则降低了近50%.     

Influence of carbon black and plasticisers on dynamic properties of isotropic magnetosensitive natural rubber

Abstract

The dynamic shear modulus of magnetosensitive (MS) natural rubber composites is experimentally studied, where influences of carbon black, plasticiser and iron particle concentrations are investigated at various dynamic shear strain amplitudes and external magnetic fields within the lower structure borne frequency range. The iron particles embedded in natural rubber are irregularly shaped and randomly distributed; the plasticisers simplify the iron particle blending process, while carbon black reduces the production costs and improves the mechanical properties. The results show that the relative MS effect on the shear modulus magnitude increases with increased plasticiser and iron particle concentration and decreases with increased carbon black concentration. Furthermore, their relative contributions are quantified. Consequently, the study provides a basis for optimising the composition of MS natural rubber to meet a variety of requirements, including those of vibration isolation, a promising application area for MS materials.     

炭黑补强异戊橡胶和天然橡胶性能之对比研究

用填充炭黑的异戊橡胶（IR）和天然橡胶（NR）分别研究其硫化特性、力学性能、热空气老化性能和动态力学性能。结果表明,异戊橡胶比天然橡胶的硫化速度慢,焦烧时间长。随着炭黑用量的增多,IR和NR的300％定伸应力增大,拉伸强度和拉断伸长率都下降,撕裂强度出现了峰值。炭黑用量增加到40份时,IR的拉伸强度下降最缓慢,耐老化性能最好;而NR随炭黑用量增加,其拉伸强度下降加快,耐老化性能变差。0℃时IR的损耗因子大于NR的损耗因子;60℃时,IR的损耗因子小于NR的损耗因子。     

不同粒径胶粉的成分分析及在胎面胶中的应用

通过热重法和红外光谱分析及测定硫含量和粒径分布等方式对用超低温粉碎法制备的不同粒径胶粉的成分进行了分析,并开展了其在商用车轮胎胎面胶中的加工应用研究。结果表明,4种不同胶粉中的挥发分、有机物、炭黑和灰分含量均差别较小,其中有机物质量分数在61%～65%之间,炭黑质量分数在28%～30%之间,含硫质量分数在2%左右,粒径从小到大依次为牌号K 0004、K 0002-R、W 0004和W 0406的胶粉。在商用车胎面胶中添加10份（质量）胶粉,混炼胶的门尼黏度增大,门尼焦烧时间缩短,硫化速率加快。胶粉粒径越小其对硫化胶物理机械性能的影响越小,而硫化胶损耗因子的变化与胶粉粒径的相关性较小。     

Carbon black filled powdered natural rubber: Preparation,particle size distribution,mechanical properties,and structures

Carbon black (HAF) filled powdered natural rubber (P(NR/HAF)) was prepared and the particle size distribution, mechanical properties, and micromorphology of P(NR/HAF) were studied. A carbon black–rubber latex coagulation method was developed for preparing carbon black filled free‐flowing, noncontact staining NR powders with particle diameter less than 0.9 mm. A powdering mechanism model was put forward to describe the powdering process, which shows that the key technical points consist in the surfactant with good emulsification properties and the polymer coating resin with good film forming properties. SEM analysis shows that carbon black and rubber matrix have formed a macroscopic homogenization in the P(NR/HAF) particles without contact staining, and carbon black particles are well dispersed in rubber matrix with diameter of about 50–150 nm. P(NR/HAF) vulcanizate showed better mechanical properties than bale natural rubber/carbon black blends (NR/HAF) and simple NR latex/carbon black blends (NRL/HAF), which depends primarily upon the absence of free carbon black, the fine dispersion of filler on the rubber matrix, and the better interaction between carbon black and rubber matrix due to the proper preparation condition of noncontact staining carbon black filled powdered NR. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1763–1774, 2006     

Rare earth compounds modified carbon black filled powdered natural rubber: Preparation,morphology and properties

Ten types of rare earth (RE) compounds modified carbon black (HAF‐RE) were prepared using chemical‐deposit method, then HAF‐RE were mixed with natural rubber latex to prepare HAF‐RE filled powdered natural rubber [P(NR/HAF‐RE)] by a carbon black/rubber latex coagulation method. It is found that most of the P(NR/HAF‐RE) vulcanizates showed better mechanical properties, especially higher tensile modulus, and tensile strength, compared with none‐rare earth modified carbon black filled powdered natural rubber [P(NR/HAF)]. Dysprosium (Dy) modified carbon black (HAF‐Dy) filled powdered natural rubber [P(NR/HAF‐Dy)] was chosen for intensive investigation because of its better comprehensive mechanical properties. It is found that the adding of Dy compounds could help to get smaller particles with narrower particle size distribution, and results from the SEM analysis show that carbon black has been dispersed in rubber matrix uniformly with diameter of 50–150 nm. The TEM analysis showed that Dy compounds could obviously reduce the aggregation of primary particles of carbon black, and promote the dispersion of carbon black in P(NR/HAF‐Dy) particles. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JAppl Polym Sci 2008     

工程轮胎胎面胶用黏土/炭黑/天然橡胶纳米复合材料的性能

在工程轮胎胎面胶配方中,用黏土替代部分高耐磨炭黑,利用机械共混工艺制备了黏土/炭黑/天然橡胶(NR)纳米复合材料,研究了复合材料的综合性能.结果表明,黏土的加入不会对胶料的硫化特性产生太大影响;少量黏土的加入增强了混炼胶的填料网络作用,改善了炭黑/NR硫化胶的物理机械性能,耐磨性能提高了15%～30%,降低了滚动阻力,提高了耐屈挠疲劳破坏性能,当黏土填充量为4份时,复合材料的综合性能最优.