离子基团位置对水性聚氨酯性能的影响

以聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)和二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)作为主要原料,二羟甲基丁酸(DMBA)作为亲水扩链剂,采用预聚体分散法合成了离子基团分别位于软段、硬段的WPU(水性聚氨酯)。研究结果表明:S-WPU(离子基团位于软段的WPU)具有干燥速率较快、黏度较高和粒径较小等特点,由其制成的WPU胶膜具有良好的粘接性能、力学性能和耐水性。     

硬段对聚碳酸酯二醇型水性聚氨酯性能的影响

以聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)为软段、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水扩链剂、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为硬段,采用预聚体法合成了水性聚氨酯(WPU)。研究结果表明:随着n(HDI)∶n(IPDI)比例的增加,WPU的黏度、断裂伸长率增大,耐水性和耐乙醇性提高;当n(HDI)∶n(IPDI)=1.0∶1时,WPU的综合性能相对较好,其热稳定性和结晶性能得到明显改善。     

纺织整理剂用封端型脂肪族水性聚氨酯的合成与性能研究

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚醚多元醇、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为主要原料,采用NaHSO3封端,合成了系列脂肪族水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液,研究了脂肪族WPU中软段类型、Nnco/Noh、DMPA用量以及NaHSO3用量对乳液及其胶膜相关性能的影响.结果表明,当使用聚醚多元醇GMN3050、Nnco/Noh为1.8、DMPA的质量分数为5.5%、nNaHSO3/Nnco为1.1时,得到的封端型脂肪族水性聚氨酯综合性能最好.     

阳离子型水性聚氨酯耐热性及力学性能研究

以丙三醇和马来酸酐为原料合成亲水性UV固化交联剂(丙三醇-马来酸酐低聚物)(MLGLY),以均苯四甲酸酐和乙醇胺为原料合成二羟基均苯酰亚胺(HEPMI);再以二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(H12MDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、聚氧化丙烯二醇(PPG-600)、N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)、HEPMI、MLGLY等为主要原料,制备了一系列聚酰亚胺改性阳离子型水性聚氨酯(WPU)。讨论了HEPMI含量对WPU膜的力学性能和耐热性能的影响。结果表明,HEPMI含量增加能明显改善WPU膜的耐热性和力学性能。     

硬段对PCDL型水性聚氨酯的结构与性能的影响

以聚碳酸酯二元醇(PCDL)为软段,分别以异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、六亚基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为硬段,采用丙酮法制备了四种不同硬段组成的PCDL型水性聚氨酯(WPU)。综合对比,研究了硬段类型对PCDL型WPU结构与性能的影响。结果表明,芳香族WPU的力学性能及热稳定性能更好,脂肪族WPU的柔顺性及附着力等更好。     

合成革用水性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备及性能研究

通过选用聚酯二元醇(PBA)、聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMEG),聚己内酯二醇(PCL)和聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL),异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和4,4’-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)作为主要原料,制备了一系列合成革用水性聚氨酯(WPU)。三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)和二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)分别作为交联剂和亲水扩链剂。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)表征了水性聚氨酯的结构。探讨了多元醇及二异氰酸酯种类、氰羟比R值[n(-NCO)/n(-OH)]、DMPA和TMP含量对WPU耐溶剂和耐水解性能的影响。研究结果表明,PTMEG和PCDL作为软段、MDI和HMDI作为硬段,R值为4时,制得的WPU耐溶剂和耐水解综合性能较好。WPU的耐溶剂和耐水解性能还随TMP用量增大而提高。此外,DMPA用量增大,乳液更加稳定,但是耐水解性能下降。     

高固含量水性聚氨酯的合成及其主要影响因素

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为硬段,聚醚二元醇(N-220)及聚酯二元醇(PBA)为软段,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水性物质,乙二胺(EDA)为后扩链剂等,合成了固含量约为50%的环氧树脂(E-20)及甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)复合改性的水性聚氨酯分散体(PUD).并探讨了-NCO/-OH物质的量比、软段类型和软段相对分子质量对高固含量水性聚氨酯性能的影响,同时对制得的PUD进行红外、透射电镜等测试分析,从而制备出性能较好、较稳定的高固含量水性聚氨酯分散体.     

聚酯聚醚混合二元醇对水性聚氨酯性能的影响

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和异佛尔酮二胺(IPDA)为硬段,分别以聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMEG2000)、聚己二酸新戊二醇酯二醇(PNA2000)及其混合物为软段,制备了系列水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液。通过ATR-FTIR对聚氨酯结构进行了表征分析,采用拉伸测试、热失重分析、动态力学分析及耐水性测试等手段对WPU胶膜性能进行了研究,探讨了不同软段结构对WPU胶膜性能的影响。结果表明:聚酯聚醚混合型水性聚氨酯的力学性能优于单一软段水性聚氨酯,其中PTMEG与PNA质量比为2∶1时力学性能最好;PTMEG型WPU胶膜的初始分解温度高于PNA型WPU胶膜,失重50%时分解温度相反;PTMEG型WPU胶膜的耐水性好于PNA型WPU胶膜。     

丙烯酸酯改性ANGE-PCDL型WPUA的合成与表征

以丙烯海松酸新戊二醇酯(ANGE),聚碳酸酯二元醇(PCDL)、丙烯酸/3-AE丙Al-( HPA)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二劲甲基丙酸(DMPA)为主要原料,制备了ANGE-PCDL型水性聚氨酯分散体(WPU);滴加丙烯酸酯单体到WPU中,得到了PCDL-ANGE型水性聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯复合乳液(WPUA)....     

高固含量高强度水性聚氨酯乳液的合成及性能研究

以聚酯二元醇(PBA)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、乙二胺基乙磺酸钠(AAS)为主要原料,分别合成了高亲水性的小粒径水性聚氨酯乳液(WPU1)和低亲水性的聚氨酯预聚物(WPU2)。以WPU1乳液乳化WPU2得到了固含量高达70%的水性聚氨酯乳液WPU3,其成膜后的力学性能优异,拉伸强度最高超过50 MPa,胶膜的吸水率较低,有良好的耐水性。     

Synthesis,characteristics of hierarchical EU-1 zeolite for xylene isomerization probe reaction

Introduced a method of synthesizing hierarchical EU-1 zeolite with organosilanes as additive, and studied the influences of following different kinds of organosilanes on the synthesis of hierarchical EU-1 zeolite: γ-glycidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane(GPTMS), N-β-(aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyl methyl dimethoxyl silane(APAEDMS),and N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyl dimethoxyl(ethyoxyl) silane(TMPED). The hierarchical EU-1 samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, N_2 adsorption, FT-IR and NH_3-TPD to analyze the crystallinity, morphology, surface area, pore size distribution and acidity. The results showed that hierarchical EU-1 zeolites were successfully synthesized; organosilanes have great influence on crystal morphology of EU-1 zeolites; the exterior surface area of hierarchical EU-1 zeolite, which synthesized with organosilanes(APAEDMS) adding into synthesis system, increased by 62.1% and mesopore volume increased by 129.1% compared with conventional EU-1 zeolites, thus can reduce the diffusional restriction markedly in catalytic reaction. The catalytic performance of hierarchical EU-1zeolites were evaluated in m-xylene isomerization on fixed bed reactor. The catalytic data showed that the isomerization activity PX/X of the hierarchical EU-1 zeolites reached around 24.09% in theoretical thermodynamic equilibrium from 23.83%, and the selectivity of C_8 aromatic hydrocarbon increased from 75.16% to 84.87%. The conversion of p-xylene increased from 16.30% to 18.41%.     

Microstructural,optical, and electrical characteristics of Ni/C doped BST thin films

In the present work the effect of simultaneous doping of carbon and nickel on the microstructural, optical, and electrical properties of barium strontium titanate (BST) is investigated. Thin films of BST were prepared by the sol-gel method in six different compositions ((Ba_0.6Sr_0.4)(Ni_xC_yTi_1-x-y)O₃): x?=?y?=?0.00 (BST), x?=?0.04?y?=?0.00 (BST4N), x?=?0.04?y?=?0.01 (BST4N-1C), x?=?0.04?y?=?0.02 (BST4N-2C), x?=?0.04?y?=?0.03 (BST4N-3C), and x?=?y?=?0.04 (BST4N-4C). Structural features and chemical bonds of the films were studied by TGA/DSC, XRD, FT-IR, and FE-SEM. The electrical and optical properties of the films were analysed by impedance spectroscopy and UV–VIS spectroscopy. The results show that addition of Ni and C leads to Ti⁴⁺-Ni²⁺ and Ti⁴⁺-C⁴⁺ replacements, respectively. These replacements lead to a gradual increase in the band gap energy; from 3.15?eV for BST to 3.44, 3.5, 3.66, 3.73 and 3.76?eV for BST4N, BST4N-1C, BST4N-2C, BST4N-3C, and BST4N-4C, respectively. In contrast, the dielectric loss decreases significantly from 0.055 for BST to 0.031, 0.033, 0.03, 0.022 and 0.01 for BST4N, BST4N-1C, BST4N-2C, BST4N-3C, and BST4N-4C, respectively. At the same time, the quality factor Q_f (1/ tanδ) increases substantially from 15 for BST to 32, 30, 33, 44 and 87 for BST4N, BST4N-1C, BST4N-2C, BST4N-3C, and BST4N-4C, respectively. In contrast, the frequency dependence of the capacity decreases in comparison to un-doped BST. Among all films, the BST4N-4C had the highest figure of merit (FOM), least dielectric loss, and very low frequency-dependence, making it the best candidate for tuneable device applications.     

新型含吡啶环双酰胺衍生物的合成及生物活性

以吡啶羧酸和取代邻氨基苯甲酸为起始原料,设计并合成12个双杂环双酰胺类化合物,其结构经1HNMR、13CNMR、IR及元素分析确证。初步生物活性测试结果表明,在200、500μg/mL浓度下部分化合物对青枯病病原菌(Pseudomonas solanacearum)进行活性测试,结果表明所合成的化合物对青枯病病原菌有一定抑菌活性,其中N-(2-(6-乙氧基苯并噻唑-2-氨基甲酰基)-4-甲基苯基)-3-吡啶甲酰胺在500μg/mL浓度下对青枯病病原菌的抑菌活性为60%。     

新型N-（2,5-二甲基吡咯）亮氨酸酯的合成及其热裂解行为

分别以亮氨酸和2,5-己二酮为原料,通过Paal-Knorr反应合成了N-(2,5-二甲基吡咯)-亮氨酸,接着以二环己基羰基二亚胺(DCC)为缩合剂,4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)为催化剂,使之和大茴香醇等多种香料醇进行缩合反应,得到7种N-(2,5-二甲基吡咯)亮氨酸酯,通过IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、HRMS等分析方法对产物结构进行了确证。并研究了N-(2,5-二甲基吡咯)亮氨酸大茴香酯在300、600和900℃的热裂解行为,分析鉴定出了对甲氧基苯甲醇、苯甲醇、苯乙醇、苯甲醛、烷基取代吡啶、取代吡咯和辛醇等50多种裂解产物,其中含有多种致香物质,能够有效改善卷烟吸味,增强香气。     

Covalent binding of amino,carboxy, and nitro-substituted aminopropyltriethoxysilanes to oxidized silicon surfaces and their interaction with octadecanamine and octadecanoic acid studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ellipsometry

Three silanized silicon substrates were prepared by treating cleaned oxidized silicon wafers with N-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)octadecanamide (1), 9-[N-(triethoxysilylpropyl)amino]-9-oxononanoic acid methyl ester (2), and N-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)-12-nitrododecanamide (4). The carbomethoxyl of 2 immobilized on silicon was hydrolysed to yield the corresponding ω-carboxylic surface (3) and the nitro group of the surface 4 reduced to afford the ω-amino surface (5). All five silanized surfaces were treated with octadecanoic acid and octadecanamine used as models for acidic and basic polymeric adhesives and the interactions were followed by ellipsometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. While the surfaces 1 and 2 reacted only by physisorption, the carboxylic surface 3 and the amino surface 5 showed a strong reaction with octadecanamine and octadecanoic acid, respectively. The nitro surface 4 exhibited a strong interaction with both probes, but by different pathways.     

两性离子型瓜尔胶的制备及稀溶液性质

以瓜尔胶(GG)为原料,2,3-环氧丙基二甲铵基乙酸盐(ECDH)为两性醚化剂,在碱催化剂作用下干法合成了新型两性离子型瓜尔胶(ZGG)。采用酸碱滴定法测定了ZGG的等电点,并借助乌氏黏度计研究了等电点范围内ZGG的稀溶液性质,考察了外加盐浓度和不同外加盐对ZGG的影响。结果发现,随着氯化钠溶液浓度的增大,其特性黏度增大,表现出明显的反聚电解质溶液行为,二价金属离子对ZGG的影响大于一价金属离子对其的影响,即CaCl2>MgCl2>NaCl。     

常温捕收剂N─1的工业性选矿试验

磷块岩常温捕收剂Ｎ－１在贺兰山磷矿选矿厂进行了工业性试验。试验结果表明，Ｎ－１可以代替氧化石蜡皂并可实现常温浮选。该药剂来源广、用量少，节省选矿厂加温用煤一半以上，可以给企业带　　来显著经济效益。该药剂也广泛适用于其他矿山磷块岩及其他矿种的选矿。     

柠檬酸改性β型分子筛在膨胀阻燃ABS复合材料中的协同作用研究

采用浸渍法制备了柠檬酸改性的β型分子筛(N-β)。红外光谱测试表明,柠檬酸对β型分子筛具有补铝作用,可使其骨架铝含量增加。利用热重分析、氧指数测试、扫描电镜分析等手段探讨了N-β对丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS) /膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR)复合材料热失重行为、阻燃性能、微观结构及力学、加工性能的影响。结果表明,N-β在含量较低时与IFR具有较好的阻燃协同作用,可促进IFR高温成炭,形成稳定、连续、致密的炭层结构。当N-β量为2%(质量分数,下同)时,ABS/IFR复合材料的极限氧指数为31.3%,残炭量为24. 86%。同时,随着N-β含量的增加,复合材料的冲击强度、拉伸强度呈现出先升后降的趋势。     

Release of nitrogen during thermochemical conversion of Shenhua bituminous coal under Ar,CO2, and air atmospheres

Coal thermochemical conversion processes unavoidably generate gaseous pollutants, endangering the environment or influencing synthetic processes downstream. In order to display the differences in release behaviours of nitrogen among different coal thermochemical conversion stages, the nitrogen release characteristics of Shenhua bituminous coal under Ar, CO₂, and air atmospheres were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) and thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS). Results indicate that the reaction atmosphere has an important influence on nitrogen release. The total released mass of nitrogen when using 100 g raw coal in the whole experiment under Ar, CO₂, and air atmospheres is 0.54, 0.64, and 0.75 g, respectively. The organic forms of nitrogen in raw coal and coal char are pyridine nitrogen (N-6), pyrrole nitrogen (N-5), quaternary nitrogen (N-Q), and nitrogen oxide (N-X). While in the coal ash, the sub-peaks of N-Q and N-X disappear entirely, leaving only N-5 and N-6 sub-peaks. The released nitrogen-containing gas consists of NH₃, HCN, NO, and NO₂ during experiments in CO₂ and air atmospheres. However, only NH₃ and HCN are detected during experiments in the Ar atmosphere. The revolution characteristics of NH₃ and HCN under Ar and CO₂ atmospheres are similar.     

The Tail Effect of Some Prepared Cationic Surfactants on Silver Nanoparticle Preparation and Their Surface,Thermodynamic Parameters,and Antimicrobial Activity

The surface parameters of some cationic surfactants having different hydrophobic alkyl chains were assessed in aqueous solution using different techniques; surface tension, ultraviolet-Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and conductivity measurements. The obtained critical micelle concentration (CMC) for N-(2-((3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)ethyl)-N,N-dimethyloctan-1-aminium bromide (DBAO), N-(2-((3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)ethyl)-N,N-dimethyldodectan-1-aminium bromide (DBAD), and N-(2-((3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)ethyl)-N,N-dimethylhexadectan-1-aminium bromide (DBAH) in aqueous solution using three techniques are nearly the same. Increasing the hydrophobic chain length enhances micelle formation. Raising the solution temperature from 25 to 65 °C also shows the same trend. The thermodynamic calculations outlined the adsorption propensity of the surfactants at the surface compared to their affinity to form micelles. Both micellization and adsorption processes are enhanced with both the hydrocarbon elongation and with raising the solution temperature. The effect of the surfactant tail on the preparation process of the silver nanoparticles (AgNP) was assessed and confirmed using transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and UV–Vis spectra. Increasing the surfactant tail leads to a smaller particle size with a narrow distribution. The stability of the prepared AgNP is enhanced with hydrophobic surfactant tail elongation as proved with increasing the zeta-potential of the prepared AgNP colloid. The foaming power, interfacial tension, and emulsification stability of the DBAO, DBAD, and DBAH surfactants were determined. The DBAO, DBAD, and DBAH surfactants showed good antimicrobial activities against both bacteria (Gram positive and negative) and fungi, which have been enhanced because of incorporation of AgNP.