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用熔剂法制备了(NbyTi1-y)Cx单晶体,用Debye照相法及四圆衍射仪对其晶体结构进行了研究。实验结果表明,(NbyTi1-y)Cx中存在类似于非化学计量化合物TiCx及NbCx的有序-无序转变现象,转变温度随其化学成份改变在1175 ̄1280K范围内变化。高温型(NbyTi1-y)Cx的晶体结构属NaCl型结构,碳空位呈随机分布;低温型(NbyTi1-y)Cx的晶体中碳空位呈短程有序分布, 相似文献
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在423~773K温度范围内利用阻抗谱测定了多晶固体电解质La_(1-x)Ca_xF_(3-x)(x=0.01,0.03,0.05,0.07,0.09)的电导率随CaF_2含量的变化及其在不同温度区间的表现电导激活能。结果表明,掺入1%~9%(mol)CaF_2的LaF_3其电导率比LaF_3单晶有很大提高(10倍左右),其电导率数量级在10 ̄(-4)~10 ̄(-2)S·cm ̄(-1)之间,其中La_(0.95)Ca_(0.05)F_(2.95)具有最高的电导率。 相似文献
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将尖晶石型NiMn_2O_4及钙钛矿型LaCrC_3这二者电阻个较高的半导体陶瓷热敏材料复合并经高温烧结后,其复合体电阻率大幅度降低。应用XRD,XPS,TEM和SEM对复合体结构进行较为系统的研究,结果表明:NiMn_2O_4与LaCrO_3按一定比例复合后,在烧结过程中两者之间有离子迁移发生,离子迁移的结果使钙钛矿结构的LaCrO_3转变为高导电相的La[Cr_(1-x-y)Ni_xMN_y]O_3(0<y<0,0<x+y<0),它使复合体电阻率大幅度降低。 相似文献
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工艺参数对TiO2碳热还原合成Ti(C,N)粉末的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文探讨了TiO2碳热还原法合成Ti(C,N)粉末过程中合成温度,保温时间,N2气流量,C/Ti比值等工艺参数的变化对粉末性状的影响,实验表明,N比C更易于Ti结合,改变工艺对数可调整Ti(C1-xNx)的x值。在1400~1700℃间可获得x值的0.6~0.85的Ti(C1-xNx)粉末。 相似文献
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用电沉积法制得Cu_(2x)In_(2-2x)Se_2(铜铟硒)(0<x<1)薄膜 ̄[1]并用EDAX对其组成进行分析.对薄膜电极的光电化学性能、光谱响应、能隙与x的依赖关系进行了研究.借助于现场微区扫描光电流谱观察了热处理、薄膜厚度、光极化对薄膜电极的光电性能影响.研究了Pb(NO_3)_2有效的浸渍对薄膜光电性能的影响. 相似文献
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本文合成和表征了两种新的杂双核配合物:[Cu(oxdn)Ni(tmn)_2(ClO_4)_2(1)和[Cu(oxdn)Ni(tmd)_2](ClO_4)2(2),oxdn代表N,N'-双(3-氨丙基)草酰胺根阴离子;tmn为N.N.N'-四甲基乙二胺;tmd表示1.3-丙二胺。测定了配合物(1)的变温磁化率(4~300K),其数值用最小二乘法和从自旋哈密顿算符H=-2JS_1·S_2导出的磁方程拟合,求得交换积分J=-118.8cm ̄(-1)。文中还用Kahn理论解释了这种反铁磁自旋交换作用。 相似文献
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考察了丙烯在M_xO_y固体超强酸催化剂上的齐聚过程。实验表明,催化剂的活性顺序为Z_rO_2>TiO_2,而Fe_2O_3催化剂几乎无活性。FT-IR表明,ZrO_2催化剂具有超强酸的3个特征吸收峰,即1050、1130和1220cm ̄(-1)。XRD分析表明,ZrO_2为非结晶态,而未浸H_2SO_4的ZrO_2没有上述3个特征吸收峰,且以晶态存在。在T=130℃、P=4.0MPa、LHSV=1.0h ̄(-1)和丙烯浓度为50%的条件下,100h的稳定性试验表明,丙烯平均转化率为69.5%,壬烯选择性为45.5%和十二烯选择性为41.6%。 相似文献
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为了更好地认识和了解CL-20晶体结构演变规律和相变行为,利用金刚石对顶砧超高压实验技术,在0~50GPa下,研究了高压下ε-CL-20的原位拉曼光谱和红外光谱。结果表明,CL-20晶体在整个加压过程中存在两个相变,第一个相变发生在4.2~7.5GPa,认为是ε相到对称性更低的γ相转变,相变产生的原因是在压强的作用下,笼环外的硝基方向发生改变,电子云密度重置导致的分子构型转变;第二个相变发生在14.2~18.9GPa,属于γ相到ζ相的晶体结构转变;卸压后,拉曼和红外光谱恢复常压状态,表明CL-20晶体在研究压强范围内的相变过程是可逆的。 相似文献
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Dongju Chen 《Polymer International》2013,62(9):1343-1350
The crystal behavior of a semicrystalline polystyrene‐block‐poly(l ‐lactide) diblock copolymer in phase‐separated thin films with various thicknesses at different crystal temperatures has been investigated using atomic force microscopy and transmission electronic microscopy. Parallel and perpendicular lamellae could be obtained by annealing the thin films for different periods of time as reported previously (Chen et al., Macromolecules 40:6631 (2007)). At different temperatures, crystallization in thin films with parallel lamellar structure in the melt state gives dendrite crystals with orthorhombic structure, and the ordered structure in the melt is destroyed after crystallization. When crystallization occurs in thin films with perpendicular lamellar structure, crystal morphology and structure are greatly affected by the crystallization temperature (Tc). When Tc < Tg,ps, where Tg,ps is the glass transition temperature of a polystyrene block, crystallization is hardly confined within the lamellae. The morphology is preserved but the long period of the perpendicular lamellae is increased after crystallization. When Tc > Tg,ps, rod‐like crystals dominate the final morphology, and crystallinity destroys completely the structure in the melt.© 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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(1-x)Pb(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3-x)PbTiO_3(PZNT)晶体是弛豫铁电体Pb(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3)O_3与普通铁电体PbTiO_3组成的具有钙钛矿结构的固溶体,其准同型相界成分(x=0.09)附近表现出极其优异的压电性能,在医用超声成像、声纳、微位移器等方面具有广阔的应用前景,分析了PZNT-PbO赝二元系的析晶行为和相关系,总结了PZNT晶体的压电性能,讨论了生长工艺和成分对晶体性能的影响。针对PZNT晶体生长中存在的问题,发展了助熔剂-坩埚下降法、通气诱导成核技术、两步法生长工艺、区熔凝固技术、底部籽晶高温溶液法等多种生长技术,生长出大尺寸的PZNT晶体,并比较了这些生长技术的特点。 相似文献
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(Ba1-xSrx/2Cax/2)TiO3陶瓷的介电弛豫特征和铁电性能 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
采用传统陶瓷的制备方法,制备了(Ba1-xSrx/2Cax/2)TiO3(x=0.10,0.20,0.40,0.50,0.60)铁电陶瓷.X射线衍射分析表明:x=0.20时,陶瓷样品具有三方、四方共存的晶体结构.不同频率下陶瓷样品的介电温谱显示(Ba1-xSrx/2Cax/2)TiO3材料具有弥散相变的特征,在x=0.60时,(Ba1-xSrx/2Cax/2)TiO3陶瓷具有典型的弛豫铁电体特征.研究发现:当x=0.20时,(Ba1-xSrx/2·Cax/2)TiO3陶瓷材料的矫顽电场达到极小值.基于极性纳米微区理论的观点,进一步研究了弛豫铁电体和具有弥散相变铁电体两者之间的关系,结果表明:仅仅当实验频率和极性纳米微区的弛豫频率相近时,在弥散相变温区内介电弛豫行为才能被观察到. 相似文献
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The variation of lattice spacings of poly(iminosebacoyl iminodecamethylene) (nylon‐10,10) with temperature was studied by wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) during both heating and cooling processes, which demonstrates a gradual and continuous transition with temperature. However, the crystal melts before the two peaks merge completely. Both WAXD and differential scanning calorimetry show that crystallization from molten sample results directly in the triclinic form. Additionally, this transition is thermodynamically reversible. Comparison of this transition with that of nylon‐6,6, suggests that no hydrogen‐bonded network is formed during or after the transition. We prefer to attribute this transition to asymmetrical thermal expansion in the nylon‐10,10 crystals rather than to a true first‐order phase transition. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Masahiro Yoshida Xinghe Fan Hidekazu Yoshizawa Toshio Itahara Yoshinobu Kawano Yoshimitsu Uemura Yasuo Hatate 《Chemical Engineering Communications》2001,185(1):183-199
We synthesized a ferroelectric liquid crystal monomer possessing both carboxyl p-benzolxy-benzoate and carboxyl (s)-(-)-2-methylbutyl ester in its side chain. The liquid crystal and styrene monomers were utilized to form matrices of microspheres prepared by the dispersion or suspension polymerization. In this study, we characterized in detail physicochemical properties, thermo-responses, or electro-optical responses in the microspheres. We demonstrated the following results: (1) the volume-averaged diameters of microspheres prepared by the dispersion or suspension polymerization were of 1.5 or 45 μm, respectively, (2) the microspheres prepared showed liquid crystal abilities at the prescribed temperature, (3) the phase transition temperatures toward the liquid crystal phase of the microspheres prepared by copolymerizing the liquid crystal and styrene monomers could be decreased with increasing styrene monomer concentrations, and (4) the microspheres obtained remarkably exhibited electro-optical responses at the appointed voltage. 相似文献