反应精馏合成乙基叔丁基醚的研究

以乙醇和叔丁醇为反应物,采用反应精馏法合成了乙基叙丁基醚。考察了进料流率、进料组成、回流比、进料位置对反应精馏的影响。     

反应精馏合成乙基叔丁基醚的研究

以乙醇和叔丁醇为反应物，采用反应精馏法合成了乙基叔丁基醚。考察了进料流率，进料组成，回流比，进料位置对反应精馏的影响。     

反应精馏法生产醋酸丁酯动态模拟

目前反应精馏法生产醋酸丁酯工艺发展迅速,但主要集中于对催化剂的探索与研究,在实际生产中仍缺乏较好的控制方法。利用Aspen Dynamics软件对醋酸丁酯反应精馏塔的操作进行了动态模拟,提出了两点温度控制法及温度浓度控制法两种控制方案,对系统进行了进料流量±10%,乙醇及醋酸进料浓度-5%,-10%的扰动测试。研究了不同扰动对产品组成的影响并比较了两种方案分别在面对不同扰动时的控制效果。实验结果表明:进料流量及醋酸进料组成对产品组成影响较大;两点温度控制法在面对不同扰动时均展现出了比温度组成控制法更好的控制效果,该控制方法具有响应速度快,产品组成偏差小的优点。     

连续反应精馏合成正硅酸乙酯的研究

讨论了连续反应精馏合成乙酯的新工艺，将反应和精馏在一个设备中完成，考察了釜温、进料温度、进料速度、回流量及进料口位置对连续反应精馏的影响，筛选较佳的工艺条件。     

反应精馏生产乙酸正丁酯分析与优化

使用了Aspen Plus11.1模拟正丁醇与乙酸反应精馏生成乙酸正丁酯的反应精馏过程,对进料温度、回流比和进料位置进行了优化分析,得到了最佳工艺参数:进料温度常温;回流比为1;进料位置为第六块塔板。另外,模拟得到了反应精馏塔的温度和浓度分布,为指导乙酸正丁酯的工业生产提供了理论参考。     

反应精馏制备乙酸乙酯的工艺分析

为揭示反应精馏法制备乙酸乙酯的特性及得到较高纯度的产品,并为反应精馏工艺过程的深入研究及工业化提供理论依据,应用Aspen Plus软件模拟分析反应精馏过程。结果表明：给定回流比的情况下,理论塔板数、精馏段塔板数及进料位置、进料比、催化剂用量等参数均对产品纯度及分离效果产生影响。     

反应精馏生产甲缩醛工艺的研究

对合成甲缩醛反应精馏过程进行了模拟和实验,分析了过程操作参数回流比、进料位置、醇醛进料摩尔比的变化结果的影响,模拟结果表明,当精馏段级数为11,反应段级数为26,提馏段为5,回流比为3,甲醇和甲醛的进料位置分别为第37级和第12级,甲醇/甲醛(摩尔比)=2.1时,塔顶可得到质量分数大于99.5%的高纯度甲缩醛。并通过反应精馏实验对模拟结果进行验证,实验结果与模拟结果吻合较好。     

反应精馏隔壁塔应用于酯转换过程的研究

提出了一种应用反应精馏隔壁塔把乙酸甲酯废液处理成乙酸正丁酯的新工艺流程,即采用反应精馏隔壁塔替代常规流程中的反应精馏塔及甲醇回收塔。利用Aspen Plus模拟软件对反应精馏隔壁塔及常规流程进行了模拟,考察了进料位置、反应段位置及高度、耦合位置等结构参数对反应精馏隔壁塔的影响,并在保证产品纯度的前提下对反应精馏隔壁塔进行了最优化分析。分析结果显示反应精馏隔壁塔可以节能17.34%,并能有效降低设备投资费用和操作费用。     

反应精馏法制备醋酸甲酯的研究

以醋酸、甲醇为原料,以浓硫酸为催化剂,对反应精馏法制备醋酸甲酯的过程进行了实验研究。着重考察了回流比、进料中醋酸摩尔分率、塔板数及混酸进料位置等因素对反应转化率和塔顶产品中醋酸甲酯含量的影响,并得出最佳的工艺条件。     

反应精馏隔壁塔合成氯乙酸甲酯的研究

以反应精馏隔壁塔工艺替代常规反应精馏工艺合成氯乙酸甲酯,并对反应精馏隔壁塔工艺流程进行优化,考察了进料位置、进料量、回流比、FS气相分配比等对产品质量分数和能耗的影响,并得出优化后的各操作参数。在此操作参数下,隔壁反应精馏塔的产品质量分数达到99. 98%,与常规反应精馏工艺相比节约能耗19. 6%。     

Design and Control of Ionic Liquid‐Catalyzed Reactive Distillation for n‐Butyl Acetate Production

A simulation study of n‐butyl acetate production with the [Hpy][HSO₄] ionic liquid catalyst was performed. Due to the lack of phase equilibrium data, the binary interaction parameters of the NRTL model for ionic liquid and reactive species were calculated by the COSMO‐RS technique. A reactive distillation process with recycled ionic liquid stream was proposed, and the column configuration was optimized by minimization of the total annual capital. The novel process is considerably efficient and economic compared to the traditional reactive distillation process of nonionic liquids. With the steady‐state parameters, a plant‐wide control structure was further developed to evaluate the robustness of the control system by exerting the disturbances of feed flow rate and feed composition. Dynamic simulation results suggest that the control scheme with a composition controller is timely and effective.     

Design and control of butyl acrylate reactive distillation column system

In this study, the design and control of a reactive distillation column system for the production of butyl acrylate has been investigated. The proposed design is quite simple including only one reactive distillation column and an overhead decanter. The optimal design is selected based on the minimization of total annual cost (TAC) for the overall system. At this optimized flowsheet condition, output multiplicity was found with reboiler duty or feed ratio as the bifurcation parameter. The highest purity stable steady state was selected as the base case condition for the control study. The overall control of this system can be achieved with no on-line composition measurements. Simple single-point tray temperature control loop is designed to infer final product purity. From results of dynamic simulation, the proposed control strategy performs very well in rejecting various disturbances while maintaining butyl acrylate product at high purity. One of the important finding in this paper is that it is better to operate this reactive distillation column not at the exact feed stoichiometric balance point for better operability reason. The control performances of the proposed operating point and the operating condition right at the exact stoichiometric balance point will be compared.     

The use of dilute acetic acid for butyl acetate production in a reactive distillation: Simulation and control studies

The recovery of dilute acetic acid, which is widely found as a by-product in many chemical and petrochemical industries, becomes an important issue due to economic and environmental awareness. In general, separation of acetic acid in aqueous solution by conventional distillation columns is difficult, requiring a column with many stages and high energy consumption. As a result, the primary concern of the present study is the application of reactive distillation as a potential alternative method to recover dilute acetic acid. The direct use of dilute acetic acid as reactant for esterification with butanol to produce butyl acetate in the reactive distillation is investigated. Simulation studies are performed in order to investigate effect of the concentration of dilute acetic acid and key process parameters on the performance of the reactive distillation in terms of acetic acid conversion and butyl acetate production. In addition, three alternative control strategies are studied for the closed loop control of the reactive distillation. The control objective is to maintain the butyl acetate in a bottom product stream at the desired purity of 99.5 wt%.     

Study of heterogeneously catalysed reactive distillation using the D+R tray—A novel type of laboratory equipment

Recently, novel equipment for heterogeneously catalysed reactive distillation, the D+R tray, has been introduced by Schmitt et al. (2009). The present work reports results of measurements of the separation capacity of D+R trays. Furthermore, results of reactive distillation experiments on two test systems are presented that show that the D+R tray can be used routinely for laboratory studies of heterogeneously catalysed reactive distillation. As test systems, the esterifications yielding butyl acetate and hexyl acetate were chosen. Reactive distillation using catalytic packings was studied previously in detail ( [Parada, 2008], [Schmitt et al., 2004] and [Schmitt et al., 2005]) with the same test system. The experiments of the present work are carried out so that a direct comparison is possible. For both test systems, the most important process parameters such as feed rate and mass of catalyst were systematically varied. High conversions of the reactants and high purities of the products were achieved. The reproducibility of the results is excellent. The study shows that the D+R tray is a novel laboratory equipment that facilitates fast and flexible investigations of heterogeneously catalysed reactive distillation processes and that it can be used for studying process designs of columns equipped with either catalytic packings or trays.     

Activity evaluation of a catalytic distillation packing for MTBE production

The octane enhancer methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) can be produced very efficiently from methanol and isobutene in a reactive distillation column where the heterogeneous catalyst also acts as distillation packing. Some mathematical models have been published for the simulation of such a process but they focus on the physical transport processes between the vapour and liquid phases. However, the aim of this paper is to analyze the importance of the internal and external multicomponent mass and heat transfer phenomena on the catalyst under boiling conditions. Therefore, experiments were carried out in a reactive distillation column at different compositions of feed, column pressures and reflux ratios using a Raschig ring shaped acidic ion exchange resin as the catalyst. The temperature and composition of the liquid phase entering and leaving the catalytic column section were measured. These data were used to evaluate the effectiveness factor of the catalyst with a rigorous macrokinetic model. It is shown that the effectiveness factor varies significantly along the column length. Under certain operating conditions, decomposition of MTBE can occur accompanied by boiling processes inside the catalyst macropores.     

A novel process for the synthesis of unsaturated polyester

Traditionally polyester production is done in a batch reactor equipped with a separation column for a batch distillation. A promising alternative for the intensification of this process is reactive distillation. The aim of this paper is to study the conceptual design of reactive distillation and to find out whether reactive distillation is potentially interesting compared to batch reactor process. Therefore, a reactive distillation model is developed and sensitivity analysis is used to obtain the design and operational parameters for the reactive distillation process. These parameters are the required number of stages, required residence time, feed ratio, reflux ratio and temperature of feed stream. The model predicts the polymer attribute, isomerization and saturation composition of the polymer in the range of industrial polyester production data. The simulation study shows that the total production time of polyester in a continuous reactive distillation system is reduced from 12 h to 1.5-2 h compared to the industrial batch reactor process. The equilibrium conversion is also raised by 7% compared to the conventional process. The model demonstrated that reactive distillation has the potential to intensify the process by factor of 6-8 in comparison to the batch reactor.     

差压热耦合反应精馏塔的模拟研究

为了降低反应精馏塔能耗,将差压热耦合技术与反应精馏技术结合,提出了一种新型的差压热耦合反应精馏的流程,并将其应用于乙酸正丁酯的合成中。应用Aspen Plus模拟软件对新工艺流程以及常规反应精馏流程进行了模拟,通过考察压缩比、进料位置、进料醇酸摩尔比等因素对差压热耦合反应精馏合成乙酸正丁酯工艺的影响,得到最优条件。同时,将该工艺与常规反应精馏工艺进行比较,结果显示,新工艺能够大幅度降低能耗,与常规反应精馏装置相比可节能40%左右。