电泳沉积羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷涂层的研究进展

羟基磷灰石(hydroxyapatite，HAP)生物陶瓷涂层被认为是目前最好的用于替代人体硬组织的一种生物医用材料。电泳沉积是一种全新的涂层制备方法，它可以解决传统HAP生物陶瓷涂层制备工艺上的各种不足。文中综合介绍了国内外有关电泳沉积HAP生物陶瓷涂层的研究报道，概述了电泳沉积的工艺流程和工艺参数，并对各种影响因素全面地进行了详细的探讨，进而提出了相应的设想和展望。     

金属基生物活性羟基磷灰石涂层材料的研究进展

羟基磷灰石(HA)是人体和动物的骨骼和牙齿的主要无机成分,人工合成的羟基磷灰石具有良好的生物相容性和生物活性,但质脆;医用金属材料具有较好的强度、韧性和优良的加工性能,但是生物相容性差。金属基生物活性HA涂层材料兼备金属材料优良的力学性能和生物陶瓷材料的生物相容性,成为近年来发展最为迅速的一种生物材料。本文简要评述了国内外金属基HA涂层材料的研究进展状况,主要介绍了制备金属基HA涂层材料的各种物理化学方法,提出了一些存在的问题和解决方法,展望了制备HA复合涂层的发展前景。     

生物活性陶瓷涂层材料的制备及研究进展

介绍了生物活性陶瓷涂层材料的种类以及制备生物活性陶瓷涂层材料的主要方法:等离子喷涂、溶胶-凝胶法、电沉积和激光熔覆等,并且介绍了各个方法的对生物陶瓷涂层的工艺参数、界面结合等因素进行分析,最后展望了生物陶瓷涂层的发展前景,并提出了生物陶瓷涂层材料今后的研究方向。     

生物陶瓷及制品的研究现状和发展前景

本文详细介绍了国内外生物陶瓷材料及其制品的研究现状,并分析了国外生物材料的研究动态及其研究方向与趋势。结合我国生物陶瓷材料研究现状,对我国生物陶瓷材料的研究领域提出相应的设想和展望。     

生物陶瓷涂层材料发展概况

本文对国内外生物陶瓷涂层材料的发展情况进行了综合评述。着重介绍了在金属基材上热喷涂羟基磷灰石（ＨＡＰ）研究和应用的进展情况。文中还讨论了影响生物陶次涂层材料性能的主要因素。     

多孔聚磷酸钙生物陶瓷的研究与应用

本文阐述了聚磷酸钙的国内外研究现状,初步揭示了聚磷酸钙生物陶瓷（CPP）的生物相容性和降解特性。现有的研究表明,聚磷酸钙的聚合度和晶型不同,降解速率也不同,为生物陶瓷可控降解提供了新的途径。聚磷酸钙属直链状无机聚合物,具有不完全结晶性。聚磷酸钙材料在生物相容性、降解性和力学性方面的综合优势,使其在骨修复材料领域格外受到青睐。     

钛合金表面制备羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷涂层研究进展

钛合金表面制备羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷涂层以其优异的力学性能和生物活性,成为近年来材料学家研究的热点医用材料之一。本文综述了在钛合金表面制备羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷涂层的研究进展,特别是在提高涂层结合强度和涂层结晶度方面的最新研究成果,展望了钛合金表面制备羟基磷灰石生物涂层复合材料的发展趋势和前景。     

纳米医用生物陶瓷的制备研究进展

本文综述了牙科用氧化铝基生物陶瓷、羟基磷灰石生物涂层、多孔羟基磷灰石、羟基磷灰石/聚合物可降解生物复合材料、羟基磷灰石/ZrO2生物复合材料、β-Ca2P2O7生物材料等6种纳米医用生物陶瓷的制备研究进展,并对其制备研究进行了展望.     

羟基磷灰石生物材料的研究现状、制备及发展前景

羟基磷灰石具有良好的生物相容性和生物活性，是较好的生物陶瓷材料。笔者论述了羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷材料的研究现状，同时对羟基磷灰石及其复合生物陶瓷材料的各种制备方法进行了概述，重点研究综合性能优越的羟基磷灰石生物陶瓷材料的制备及发展前景。     

电泳沉积磷灰石生物陶瓷涂层的研究进展

羟基磷灰石(HA)生物涂层材料是最有发展前途的生物硬组织替代材料之一.电泳沉积具有装置简单,操作方便,非线性,沉积温度低等特点,可以解决传统HA生物陶瓷涂层制备工艺上的各种不足.文中探讨了电泳沉积的各种工艺影响因素,综合介绍了国内外有关电泳沉积HA复合(梯度)生物涂层和电泳沉积与其它方法复合制备HA生物涂层的研究报道,进而提出了相应的设想和展望.     

Dip Coating of Calcium Hydroxyapatite on Ti-6Al-4V Substrates

Ti-6Al-4V alloy is the most commonly used metallic material in the manufacture of orthopedic implants. The main inorganic phase of human bone is calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂, HA). To achieve better biocompatibility with bone, metal implants made of Ti-6Al-4V are often coated with bioceramics. Dip-coating techniques scarcely are used to apply HA onto metallic implants. New dipping-solution recipes to be used for HA coatings are described in this work. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry have been used for sample characterization.     

Biocoatings: challenges to expanding the functionality of waterborne latex coatings by incorporating concentrated living microorganisms

Biocoatings concentrate living, nongrowing microbes in nanoporous adhesive polymer films. Any microbial activity or trait of interest can be intensified and stabilized in biocoatings. These films will dramatically expand the functionality of waterborne coatings. Many microbes contain enzyme systems which are unstable when purified. Therefore, thin polymer coatings of active microbes are a revolutionary approach to stabilize living cells as industrial or environmental biocatalysts. We have demonstrated that some microbes survive polymer film formation embedded in nontoxic adhesive waterborne binders by controlling formulation and drying. Biocoatings can be a single layer of randomly oriented microbes or highly structured multilayer films combining monolayers of different types of microbes on solid, porous, or flexible substrates. They can be formed by drawdown or ink-jet deposition, convective sedimentation assembly, dielectrophoresis, or coated onto or embedded within papers. Controlled drying generates nanoporous microstructure; the pores are filled with a carbohydrate glass which stabilizes the entrapped dehydrated microbes. When the coating is rehydrated, the carbohydrates diffuse out generating nanopores. The activity of biocoatings can be 100s of g L^?1 (coating volume) h^?1 stabilized for 100–1000s of hours, and therefore, they represent a new approach to process intensification (PI) using thin liquid film bioreactors. A current challenge is that many microbes being engineered as environmental, solar, or carbon recycling biocatalysts do not naturally survive film formation. The mechanisms of dehydration damage that occur during biocoating formulation, ambient drying, and during dry storage have begun to be studied. Critical to preserving microbe viability are minimizing osmotic stress, toxic monomers, biocides, and utilizing polymer chemistries that generate strong wet adhesion with arrested coalescence (nanoporosity). Therefore, controlling desiccation, drying rate/uniformity, and residual moisture are important. Optimization of biocoating activity can be affected at multiple stages—cellular engineering prior to coating (preadaptation), formulation, deposition (film thickness), film formation/drying (generates microstructure), dry storage (minimize metabolic activity), and rehydration. Gene induction (activation) leading to enzyme synthesis following rehydration has been demonstrated. However, little is known about gene regulation in nongrowing microbes. Challenges to optimizing biocoating activity include generating stable film porosity, strong wet adhesion, control of residual water content/form/distribution, and nondestructive measurement of entrapped microbe viability and activity. Indirect methods to measure viability include vital staining, enzyme activity, reporter genes, response to light, confocal fluorescent microscopy, and ATP content. Microbes containing stress-inducible reporter genes can be used to monitor cell stress during formulation, film formation, and drying. Future cellular engineering to optimize biocoatings includes desiccation tolerance, light reactivity (photoefficiency), response to oxidative stress, and cell surface-to-polymer or substrate adhesion. Preservation of microbial activity in waterborne coatings could lead to high intensity biocatalysts for environmental cleaning, gaseous carbon recycling, to produce H₂ or electricity from microbial fuel cells, delivery of probiotics, or for biosolar energy harvesting.     

无机涂料的种类、机理及展望

环境友好涂料已成为21世纪涂料发展的主题,无机涂料的发展已经受到普遍重视。本文详述了无机涂料的种类、成膜机理和发展现状,并对代表无机涂料发展方向的水性无机纳米陶瓷涂料进行了重点论述,希冀开发出各种优异性能的纳米陶瓷涂料。     

水性无机光催化涂料的制备及性能研究

通过对水性无机涂料中无机粘结料和填料硅藻土用量的优化,制备了具有较强耐水性和粘结力的水性无机涂料。本文在水性无机涂料中加入一定量的纳米TiO2制备了水性无机光催化涂料,研究了光催化剂的含量和光催化涂料表面结果对光催化性能的影响,并与光催化水丙乳胶涂料的光催化性能进行了对比。结果表明:水性无机光催化涂料表面的片状和孔隙特征结构与水丙乳胶涂料的致密结构相比更有利于光催化反应的进行,当纳米TiO2在水性无机涂料中含量为3%时,光催化效果最佳。     

Bioceramics

Ceramics used for the repair and reconstruction of diseased or damaged parts of the musculo-skeletal system, termed bioceramics, may be bioinert (e.g., alumina and zirconia), resorbable (e.g., tricalcium phosphate), bioactive (e.g., hydroxyapatite, bioactive glasses, and glass-ceramics), or porous for tissue ingrowth (e.g., hydroxyapatite-coated metals). Applications include replacements for hips, knees, teeth, tendons, and ligaments and repair for periodontal disease, maxillofacial reconstruction, augmentation and stabilization of the jaw bone, spinal fusion, and bone repair after tumor surgery. Pyrolytic carbon coatings are thromboresistant and are used for prosthetic heart valves. The mechanisms of tissue bonding to bioactive ceramics have resulted in the molecular design of bioceramics for interfacial bonding with hard and soft tissue. Bioactive composites are being developed with high toughness and elastic modulus that match with bone. Therapeutic treatment of cancer has been achieved by localized delivery of radioactive isotopes via glass beads. Clinical success of bioceramics has led to a remarkable advance in the quality of life for millions of people.     

性／价比卓越的无机水性涂料

简介了水性无机涂层的特性,着重叙述水性无机富锌涂料的发展,以及WZ系列水性无机富锌涂料的开发、特性和应用。还简单介绍了HT型水性耐高温涂料和WP型水性云母氧化铁涂料。     

La_2O_3对激光熔覆生物陶瓷涂层显微组织结构的影响

采用梯度激光熔覆技术在钛合金(TC4)基体表面制备生物陶瓷涂层,研究不同含量稀土氧化物La2O3的加入对生物陶瓷涂层显微组织结构的影响。结果表明,La2O3对合成HA和β-TCP具有明显的催化作用,在生物陶瓷涂层表面形成了白色球形颗粒状的类珊瑚状结构,涂层与基体实现了良好的冶金结合。     

高温防腐涂料与热障防腐涂层技术的研究进展

综述了国内外耐高温防腐有机、无机和有机-无机复合涂料和热障防腐涂层技术的研究与应用的新进展,介绍了有机硅树脂、有机氟树脂、无机硅酸盐基涂料、无机磷酸盐基涂料、陶瓷涂层和搪瓷涂层的发展现状和前景.     

Bioceramics based on calcium orthophosphates (Review)

The modern level of knowledge on biomaterials and bioceramics based on calcium orthophosphates is shown. These chemical compounds have special value, since they are the inorganic component of normal and pathological solid tissues in man and mammals. As a result of the high chemical similarity to the solid tissues of mammals, many calcium orthophosphates possess exceptional biocompatibility and bioactivity. These properties of the material are actively being used for developing artificial bone implants.     

Bioceramics: From Concept to Clinic

Ceramics used for the repair and reconstruction of diseased or damaged parts of the musculo-skeletal system, termed bioceramics, may be bioinert (alumina, zirconia), resorbable (tricalcium phosphate), bioactive (hydroxyapatite, bioactive glasses, and glass-ceramics), or porous for tissue ingrowth (hydroxyapatite-coated metals, alumina). Applications include replacements for hips, knees, teeth, tendons, and ligaments and repair for periodontal disease, maxillofacial reconstruction, augmentation and stabilization of the jaw bone, spinal fusion, and bone fillers after tumor surgery. Carbon coatings are thromboresistant and are used for prosthetic heart valves. The mechanisms of tissue bonding to bioactive ceramics are beginning to be understood, which can result in the molecular design of bioceramics for interfacial bonding with hard and soft tissues. Composites are being developed with high toughness and elastic modulus match with bone. Therapeutic treatment of cancer has been achieved by localized delivery of radioactive isotopes via glass beads. Development of standard test methods for prediction of long-term (20-year) mechanical reliability under load is still needed.