EPDM/氟橡胶的动态硫化

研究了 Ｅ Ｐ Ｄ Ｍ 硫化体系、硫化剂叔丁基苯酚甲醛树脂（２４０２ 树脂） 用量以及动态硫化时间对 Ｅ Ｐ Ｄ Ｍ／氟橡胶共混物物理性能的影响。结果表明,当２４０２ 树脂用量超过３０ 份时, Ｅ Ｐ Ｄ Ｍ 的硫化程度和动态硫化共混物的力学性能不再变化;动态硫化时间对共混物物理性能的影响不明显。     

有机过氧化物动态硫化HPVC/SBR共混体系力学性能的研究*

采用有机过氧化物硫化体系,通过动态硫化方法制备高聚合度聚氯乙烯（ＨＰＶＣ）／ＳＢＲ共混型热塑性弹性体,测试共混物硫化胶的力学性能。结果表明,当ＨＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ并用比为８０／２０,过氧化二异丙苯（硫化剂ＤＣＰ）用量为１５份时,加入１～３份不同种类的相容剂,可改善共混物的力学性能,其中以氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）的作用效果最好;返炼次数对共混物力学性能没有明显影响     

重质芳烃油在PVC/SBR共混型热塑性弹性体中的应用研究

用重质芳烃油代替部分ＤＯＰ作增塑剂，通过动态全硫化法制成了ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ共混型热塑性弹性体（ＴＰＥ）。试验了不同增塑剂的品种和用量对共混物性能的影响，结果表明：当ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＲ的配比为５５／４５、重质芳烃油与ＤＯＰ的并用比为３／２时，共混物的力学性能和工艺性能均可满足使用要求。     

EPDM分布形态对动态硫化PP/EPDM共混物增韧效果的影响及其机理的研究

采用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）技术研究了乙烯质量分数分别为０５３,０４５和０７５的３种ＥＰＤＭ与ＰＰ组成的动态硫化共混物的形态结构特征及其增韧效果。结果表明,当ＥＰＤＭ中乙烯质量分数在０４５～０５５之间时,ＥＰＤＭ的结构规整性差、熔融粘度高、与ＰＰ相容性小,动态硫化的实质是使ＥＰＤＭ分散颗粒由大变小、粒度均化、分布均匀,增大共混剪切强度有利于提高这种ＥＰＤＭ的增韧效果。当ＥＰＤＭ中乙烯质量分数达到０７５时,ＥＰＤＭ中因出现均聚ＰＥ序列结构而呈现部分结晶性,熔融粘度低,与ＰＰ相容性增大,动态硫化后ＥＰＤＭ分散颗粒由小变大,并同时形成“亚网结构”,强化化学交联反应可提高网络密度及网络连续性,从而提高增韧效果,而提高共混剪切强度,反而会使增韧效果下降     

氯化乙丙橡胶胶增容PVC／SBS共混体系的研究

以氯化乙丙橡胶（ＣＥＰＤＭ）为相容剂,研究了ＳＢＳ对ＰＶＣ的共混增韧改性。结果表明ＣＥＰＤＭ能明显改善ＳＢＳ与ＰＶＣ的相容性,使共混物中ＳＢＳ颗粒尺寸明显减小,分布更均匀,共混物的ｔｇ内移,常常和低温下制品冲击强度增大。当ＰＶＣ／ＳＢＳ／ＣＥＰＤＭ为８０／２０／６（质量比）时,共混物的常温缺口冲击强度为５６．３ｋＪ／ｍ＾２,低温（－２０℃）缺口冲击强度为３２．４ｋＪ／ｍ＾２。     

改性PP三元共混体阻燃性能的研究

研究了含卤阻燃剂，十溴联苯醚（ＤＢＤＰＯ）；氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）和三氧化二锑（Ｓｂ２Ｏ３）及氢氧化铝对改性聚丙烯（ＰＰ）－聚丙烯／高密度聚乙烯／乙丙橡胶（ＰＰ／ＨＤＰＥ／ＥＰＲ）三元共混体阻燃性能的影响，分析了阻燃剂间的协同作用，讨论了阻燃机理，结果表明：（１）Ｓｂ２Ｏ３与ＤＢＤＰＯ、ＣＰＥ并用能改性ＰＰ三元共混体的阻燃性能提高，当含卤阻燃剂用量是Ｓｂ２Ｏ３的四倍左右时阻燃效果最好，阻燃性能提高一     

增韧聚丙烯三元共混体阻燃性能的研究

研究了多种阻燃剂，包括Ｓｂ２Ｏ３、Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３、ＣＰＣ、ＤＢＤＰＯ对聚丙烯／高密度聚乙烯／乙丙橡胶（ＰＰ／ＨＤＰＥ／ＥＰＲ）三元共混体—增韧聚丙烯—阻燃性能的影响；阻燃剂间的协同作用；并探讨了阻燃机理。结果表明：１、ＡＬ（ＯＨ）３的重量含量超过４０％时，阻燃效果显著；２、三种阻燃剂（Ｓｂ２Ｏ３、ＤＢＤＰＯ、ＣＰＥ）并用，阻燃效果明显提高，含卤化合物（ＤＢＤＰＯ与ＣＰＥ）是Ｓｂ２Ｏ３重量的四倍时，阻燃性能最佳；３、Ｓｂ２Ｏ３与ＤＢＤＰＯ并用时，当Ｂｒ／Ｓｂ的摩尔比为３∶１时阻燃效果最好     

GMA熔融接枝EPDM/NR共混物的动态硫化

研究了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（ＧＭＡ）熔融接枝ＥＰＤＭ（ＥＰＤＭｇＧＭＡ）与ＮＲ共混物的动态硫化。考察了ＧＭＡ用量、交联剂品种和用量以及动态硫化工艺条件对ＥＰＤＭｇＧＭＡ／ＮＲ动态硫化共混物力学性能的影响。结果表明：与直接静态硫化物相比,动态硫化物的拉伸强度提高了４８２％,热氧老化性能也得到了明显的改善;ＧＭＡ用量为３～５份、二乙烯三胺（ＤＥＴＡ）用量为０３份时,动态硫化共混物的力学性能较好;动态硫化的工艺条件对共混物性能无明显影响。另外,红外光谱测试表明,ＥＰＤＭ确实成功接枝了ＧＭＡ。     

增容剂苯乙烯－乙烯／丁烯－苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物对LDPE／PS共混物形态的影响

以苯乙烯－乙烯／丁烯－苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物（ＳＥＢＳ）作增容剂，用２种方法制备ＬＤＰＥ／ＰＳ共混物，均对混合物分散相颗粒尺寸和形态有影响，主要是由于界面现象，而不是流变行为。同时还计算了ＳＥＢＳ／ＬＤＰＥ以及ＳＥＢＳ／ＰＳ共混物的相互作用能密度β。试验表明，随着ＳＥＢＳ中ＥＢ体积分数的增加，ＳＥＢＳ／ＬＤＰＥ共混物的β值减小，而ＳＥＢＳ／ＰＳ共混物的β值增加，并在ＥＢ体积分数约０．４５时两条曲线相交。还提出了含增容剂的二元共混物分布的３种模型，用２种方法制备的共混物的分布模型均属于结合型。     

相容剂在三元乙丙橡胶/聚酰胺共混物中的应用

以马来酸酐（ＭＡ）接枝三元乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＤＭ）（引发剂为一种橡胶促进剂）作为ＥＰＤＭ／聚酰胺（ＰＡ）共混物的相容剂。研究了相容剂接枝条件及用量，ＰＡ至共混物力学性能和耐溶剂性能的影响。当相容剂用量为ＥＰＤＭ的１４％（重量比）时，共混物的拉伸强度从４ＭＰａ提高到１２ＭＰａ，随相容剂用量的进一步增加，共混物的拉性能和耐溶剂性能得到进一步改善。ＤＳＣ分析表明，共混物是明显的多相体系，但通过多提试验发现有     

炭黑对动态硫化POE/PP热塑性弹性体性能的影响

采用动态硫化法制备POE/PP共混物,研究了过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）对POE/PP体系熔体流动速率（MFR）和力学性能的影响。交联助剂硫磺（S）的加入有效地提高了交联效果,当m（DCP）/m（S）=2/0.2时,体系的综合力学性能最佳。通过不同加工工艺制备POE/PP/炭黑共混物,并研究了炭黑用量对体系力学性能和老化性能的影响。结果表明,母料法制备的共混物更有利于炭黑的分散,体系性能更好,炭黑的加入使体系的耐热老化性和抗紫外性能明显改善。     

DCP／MgO复合硫化体系的PUR／CR共混物硫化特性

采用硫化特性参数、溶胀指数和DSC谱图等表征了聚氨酯橡胶(PUR)/氯丁橡胶(CR)共混胶的共硫化性能,并研究了PUR/CR的共混比、补强体系与软化体系等对共混胶的硫化特性的影响.结果表明,采用过氧化二异丙苯/氧化镁(DCP/MgO)复合硫化体系,可以使PUR/CR共混胶达到共硫化;增加PUR和炭黑的用量,减少软化剂的用量,则共混胶料的转矩增大;增加PUR用量,可以加快共混胶料的硫化速度,其它因素对硫化速度的影响不明显.当PUR/CR共混比为20/80、DCP 3份、MgO 4份、炭黑N550 30份、软化剂聚异丁烯(PIB)5份时,共混硫化胶有较好的综合性能.     

PP/HDPE/滑石粉复合材料微孔发泡实验研究

为了改善聚丙烯(PP)的微孔发泡性能,将PP与高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)共混,提高其熔体强度;然后在PP/HDPE共混体系中加入少量滑石粉,研究滑石粉的用量对共混体系熔体强度及微孔发泡过程的影响。研究结果表明,滑石粉的加入使体系的熔体强度提高,发泡样品的泡孔结构变得更均匀。而且,随着滑石粉用量的增加,泡孔尺寸减小,泡孔密度增加。     

氯化聚乙烯对聚丙烯／滑石粉复合材料性能影响的研究

本文对ＰＰ／Ｔａｌｃ二元复合材料和ＰＰ／ＣＰＥ／Ｔａｌｃ三元复合材料的物理机械性能，流变性能，熔体流动性能和形态结构进行初步研究。研究结果表明，ＣＰＥ作为第三组分加到ＰＰ／Ｔａｌｃ二元复合材料体系中，对其综合性能并未提高，似乎有下降的趋势。这表明Ｔａｌｃ填充ＰＰ是一个较为理想的体系，无需再加入ＣＰＥ这类高分子抗冲改性剂作为第三组分。并从形态结构进行了阐述。     

Melt Rheology and Morphology of Nitrile Rubber and Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer Blends

The melt Theological behavior of nitrile rubber (NBR)/ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer blends was studied with special reference to the effect of the blend ratio, cross-linking systems, and shear rate using a capillary rheometer. At a given shear stress at 90°C, the viscosities of the blends vary slightly with composition. The effect of cross-linking systems [viz., sulfur (S), peroxide (DCP) and mixed (S+DCP) systems] on the viscosity of NBR/EVA blends is negligible. The melt viscosity of the blends decreases with increasing shear rate, showing pseudoplastic behavior. The flow behavior index values also support the pseudoplastic nature of these blends. Various theoretical models were used to predict the melt viscosity of the blends. Parameters such as die swell, principal normal stress difference, recoverable shear strain, and shear modulus were calculated to characterize the melt elasticity of these blends. The melt elasticity of the system was increased by the addition of NBR to EVA. The extrudate deformation at different shear rates was also studied. It was observed that as the shear rate increases, the extrudate surface exhibits a higher degree of deformation. The morphology of the extrudates of the blends at different shear rates has been examined by a scanning electron microscope. The morphology was found to be dependent on the blend ratio and shear rate.     

Enhanced toughening of poly(propylene) with reclaimed‐tire rubber

The dynamic vulcanization of reclaimed‐tire rubber (RTR) and homopolypropylene (PP) was performed by melt‐mixing using either a sulfur crosslinking agent, maleic anhydride (MA), dicumyl peroxide (DCP), or the combination of MA and DCP, in two consecutive machines, first a two‐roll mill and then a counterrotating twin‐screw extruder. In the case of applying a sulfur crosslinking agent, it was demonstrated that the RTR/PP blend at the ratio of 30/70 had the highest impact strength. This could be attributed to the limitation of carbon black in the blend. When the combination of MA and DCP was applied, the result was higher impact strength of the blend at the same ratio. This could be attributed to not only the cohesion between the polymer chains in each phase, PP phase and rubber phase, but also the interfacial adhesion between PP and RTR chains in these two phases. For comparison, the GRT/PP blends with and without sulfur crosslinking agent were prepared as well. All these blends showed low impact strength, which was nearly the same as that of PP. The effects of different crosslinking agents on dispersion and distribution of rubber domain size, viscosity, and percentage crystallinity were also studied. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 510–515, 2004     

硫化体系对CM/EPDM共混胶性能的影响

研究了不同硫化体系及过氧化物硫化体系中硫化剂用量对CM/EPDM共混胶性能的影响。结果表明,过氧化物(DCP/S)硫化体系的胶料具有适宜正硫化时间和较好综合物理机械性能;采用RCAD配方优化设计中的均匀设计法进行了实验设计,并根据优选结果绘制了等高线图;在实验范围内,DCP比CAMV的影响显著;当DCP用量为2.8～4份且CAMV用量为3～5份时,共混胶硫化胶具有较高拉伸强度和撕裂强度、较低压缩永久变形和较好耐磨性能。     

Melt rheology and morphology of LLDPE/EVA blends: Effect of blend ratio,compatibilization, and dynamic crosslinking

The melt rheological properties of linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE)/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) blends were investigated with special reference to the effect of blend ratio, temperature, shear rate, compatibilization, and dynamic vulcanization. The melt viscosity of the blends determined with a capillary rheometer is found to decrease with an increase of shear rate, which is an indication of pseudoplastic behavior. The viscosity of the blend was found to be a nonadditive function of the viscosities of the component polymers. A negative deviation was observed because of the interlayer slip between the polar EVA and the nonpolar LLDPE phases. The melt viscosity of these blends decreases with the increased concentration of EVA. The morphology of the extrudate of the blends at different shear rates and blend ratios was studied and the size and distribution of the domains were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The morphology was found to depend on shear rate and blend ratio. Compatibilization of the blends with phenolic‐ and maleic‐modified LLDPE increased the melt viscosity at lower wt % of compatibilizer and then leveled off. Dynamic vulcanization is found to increase the melt viscosity at a lower concentration of DCP. The effect of temperature on melt viscosity of the blends was also studied. Finally, attempts were made to correlate the experimental data on melt viscosity and cocontinuity region with different theoretical models. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3210–3225, 2002     

CM/EPDM并用胶在胶管中的应用

研究硫化体系、稳定体系和增塑体系对氯化聚乙烯橡胶(CM)/EPDM并用胶性能的影响,并试制出达到环保标准的胶管配方.优化配方为;CM 70,EPDM 30,炭黑N550 30,炭黑N660 20,硬脂酸钙3,钙/锌盐3,环氧大豆油10,增塑剂TOTM 3,防老剂RD 1.5,防老剂4020 1,硫化剂DCP 4,助交联剂CAMV 3,硫黄1,其他5.     

金属管道快速补口防腐用热熔胶的研制

以SIS(苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)为基体树脂、聚合松香/C5石油树脂为复合增黏树脂、马来酸酐为接枝改性剂以及过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为引发剂,并辅以MDI(二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯)、抗氧剂和填料等原料,采用熔融共混法制备出金属管道快速补口防腐用热熔胶。研究了SIS的嵌段比、增黏树脂、MDI和马来酸酐等对热熔胶性能的影响。结果表明:当n(S)∶n(I)=1∶4.67、m(聚合松香)∶m(C5石油树脂)=5∶15、w(MDI)=0.8%、w(马来酸酐)=6%和w(DCP)=0.024%时,热熔胶的综合性能相对最好。