电泳法成型超薄陶瓷基片

用于耐高温等苛刻环境下工作的韧性结构陶瓷的研究,推动了复合陶瓷材料的发展,这些材料包括片状陶瓷与陶瓷复合材料、连续增韧纤维陶瓷材料以及功能陶瓷材料。有许多方法制造这些材料,如流延成型、注浆成型、干压成型、离心式注浆成型、轧膜成型,以及等离子体成型和化学蒸镀等。     

机械力化学在制备纳米材料中的研究

通过高能球磨实现的超细粉碎过程使固体颗粒晶粒细化,产生微裂纹、晶格畸变、表面能升高、反应能力增强,从而实现低温化学反应,称为机械力化学。此法开辟了制备材料的新途径,因而得到广泛重视。本文综述了机械力化学的概念及作用机理。阐述了机械力化学在制备纳米陶瓷材料及纳米复合材料中的应用。介绍了机械力化学法的发展现状及其优缺点。     

机械力化学在纳米无机材料制备中的应用

通过高能球磨实现的超细粉碎过程使固体颗粒晶粒细化,产生微裂纹、晶格畸变、表面能升高、反应能力增强,从而实现低温化学反应,称为机械力化学.此法开辟了制备材料的新途径,因而得到广泛重视.本文综述了机械力化学原理及其在制备纳米复合材料、纳米陶瓷材料和纳米合金材料中的应用以及工艺控制因素.介绍了机械力化学法的发展现状及其优缺点.     

机械力化学在陶瓷材料研究中的应用

机械力化学是机械合金化技术研究中的最新进展，在球磨过程中机械力化学使颗粒和晶粒细化产生裂纹、比表面积增大、晶格缺陷增多、晶格发生畸变和结晶程度降低，乃至诱发低温化学反应，可制备出高活性陶瓷粉体和性能优异的陶瓷基材料。本介绍了机械力化学在陶瓷材料研究中的最新研究进展，同时讨论了不同球磨工艺条件对材料制备过程的影响，并对其未来发展进行了展望。     

碳纳米管-氧化铝陶瓷复合材料的研究进展

碳纳米管优异的力学性能以及纳米级尺寸,与工程材料复合可起到强化作用.采用碳纳米管作为增强相来改善氧化铝陶瓷材料的脆性成为一个重要的研究领域.本文综述了碳纳米管-氧化铝陶瓷复合材料的制备工艺,碳纳米管-氧化铝陶瓷复合材料的强韧化效果及机理,以及当前研究的焦点和存在的问题,材料的界面结合以及外场力传递效应是值得关注的课题,并对该领域工作做了一些讨论和展望.     

超高温陶瓷材料研究进展

超高温陶瓷材料以其优异的综合性能有望成为新一代高温热防护材料.目前超高温陶瓷材料主要分为烧结超高温陶瓷材料和连续纤维增强超高温陶瓷基复合材料,将对烧结超高温陶瓷材料的研究进展做重点介绍,随后简要介绍连续纤维增强超高温陶瓷基复合材料的优势和研究概况.     

电子陶瓷和器件的低温共烧技术

较系统地介绍了电子器件用低温共烧陶瓷(low temperature cofired ceramics,LTCCs)材料,探讨了其工艺中的若干问题。电子器件用低温共烧陶瓷材料包括:玻璃/陶瓷复合材料、结晶化玻璃、晶化玻璃/陶瓷复合材料以及液相烧结陶瓷,其中典型的和最为常用的LTCCs为玻璃/陶瓷(特别是氧化铝)复合材料。正在研究的一些陶瓷介质材料中,Bi基介质材料引起了人们的关注。玻璃/陶瓷复合材料的制备工艺中,应当着重关注和加深了解玻璃的流动性和结晶性、玻璃的起泡、玻璃和陶瓷颗粒间的反应、共烧材料的匹配等问题,从优选材料配方和优化工艺着手,从而获得优质可靠的材质和器件。     

机械化学合成纳米材料的研究进展

分析了机械化学的特性,着重论述了利用固相机械化学法合成磁性材料、储氢材料、特种陶瓷、梯度功能材料、形状记忆合金、超导材料、尖晶石型功能材料、氧化物等功能材料的研究现状,以及利用机械化学法合成这些纳米材料的特点,指出了机械化学合成技术的发展前景。     

机械力化学制备陶瓷材料的研究进展

在球磨过程中机械力化学使颗粒和晶粒细化产生裂纹，比表面积增大，晶格缺陷增多，晶格发生畸变和非晶化，乃至诱发低温化学反应，可制备出高活性陶瓷粉体和性能优异的陶瓷基材料。介绍了机械力化学在陶瓷材料研究中的最新研究进展。同时，还讨论了不同球磨工艺条件对材料制备过程的影响；并对其未来发展进行了展望。     

低碳经济驱动新型陶瓷材料行业的未来

新型陶瓷材料具有高强度、高硬度、耐腐蚀、耐高温等特性。近些年来,在开发新能源和有效利用石油能源的呼声中,发达国家相继掀起了新型陶瓷材料研究开发的热潮。针对新型陶瓷材料的独特性能,综述了工程陶瓷材料用途广泛和功能陶瓷材料的应用前景,以及陶瓷基复合材料的发展趋势;介绍了广泛应用于工程领域的陶瓷阀门材料和切削性能优良的新型陶瓷刀具,同时指出了陶瓷材料产业的应用开发趋势。     

组分影响CaBi4Ti4O15介电性能的研究

采用正交设计试验法研究了配方对CaBi4Ti4O15(CBT)铁电陶瓷介电性能的影响,得到了影响CBT陶瓷介电性能的主次因素以及各因素水平影响其性能的趋势,进而得到了综合性能佳的CBT陶瓷.探讨了各组分对CBT陶瓷介电性能影响的机理,为CBT陶瓷材料的改性研究提供了依据.     

Fine-structured oxide ceramics from a novel replication method

Fine-structured oxide ceramics sintered bodies with sub-micrometer scales were fabricated by a replication method from mixed slurry of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and nanosized ceramic particles in water. By using this replication method and burn-out at various sintering temperatures, fine-structured line and space patterns with sizes as small as 300 nm were fabricated on surfaces of TiO₂ and ZnO. The mechanism of pattern deformation was investigated and a general expression to predict the minimum pattern size was proposed based on the relationship between pattern size and grain size. The results demonstrated the feasibility of using this simple method to produce sintered oxide ceramic materials with various compositions and structures.     

Direct ink writing additive manufacturing of porous alumina-based ceramic cores modified with nanosized MgO

Alumina-based ceramic cores, widely applied to cast alloy, have been restricted by the increased complexity of castings, the resultant complex equipment and cost. In this research, to address the aforesaid disadvantages, direct ink writing, a green additive manufacturing method, is utilized to directly fabricate a new kind of nanosized MgO strengthened alumina-based ceramic cores. Slurries with various compositions exhibits ideal shear-thinning behaviors, owing to the hydrogen bond formed between polyvinylpyrrolidone and kaolin molecules. We notice that introducing nanosized MgO reduces drying shrinkage of green specimens and greatly promotes liquid-phase sintering, leading to rather more densified samples. Overall, it is anticipated that the current approach is effective in rapidly manufacturing alumina-based ceramics and some other ceramics with high strength, low shrinkage and high quality.     

磷酸盐陶瓷添加剂的生产工艺开发

介绍磷酸盐乳浊剂和骨粉两种磷酸盐陶瓷添加剂的生产技术。两种添加剂的组成为磷酸根和钙离子,采用湿法合成代替热法解决了生产中钙、磷反应不完全,产品质量不稳定的问题,降低了成本,并用于陶瓷生产。     

Joining of zirconia ceramics in green state using a paste of zirconia slurry

A new technique for the green state joining of zirconia ceramics has been developed simply by using a paste of zirconia slurry. The interlayer of the joints has the same composition as the parent green bodies and, therefore, the mechanical properties of the joint are comparable to those of the bulk materials. Using this method, large and/or complex ceramic components could be produced cost effectively, because it minimizes the machining of the sintered body and eliminates the need for special equipment. This process can be applied to the joining of various other advanced ceramics.     

Laser synthesis of silicon carbonitride nanopowders; structure and thermal stability

Si₃N₄/SiC nanocomposite materials are of great interest for structural applications at high temperature. In silicon nitride based ceramics, the small size and the spherical shape of the grains constituting the material are two important parameters in favour of high temperature deformation. Therefore, SiCN nano-sized powders are real candidates as starting materials to elaborate dense Si₃N₄/SiC nanocomposites exhibiting the microstructure required for ductility at high temperature. SiCN nanopowders with different chemical compositions and characteristics can be prepared by CO₂ laser pyrolysis of organosilicon precursors. Laser pyrolysis of gaseous precursors is able to produce partly crystallised SiCN nanoparticles exhibiting a reasonable thermal stability and suitable for elaboration of ceramic materials. In order to reduce the cost and to improve the safety of the process, an aerosol generated from a liquid precursor, hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), has also been used to synthesised SiCN nanopowders. However, in this latter case the powders obtained exhibit a high weight loss during heat treatment at high temperature. Therefore, in this study the effects of various synthesis parameters (chemical nature of the precursor and laser power) on the degree of crystallisation and on the thermal stability of nanopowders are investigated. Characteristics of powders such as chemical composition, morphology, structure and thermal stability are reported. A correlation between the synthesis conditions of powders and their thermal stability is established, and the synthesis parameters enabling improvement of thermal stability are determined.     

Advanced ceramics and coatings for erosion-related applications in mineral and oil and gas production: A technical review

The applications of advanced ceramics, composites and coatings in mineral, mining, fuel production, and processing are reviewed. The materials include oxide and non-oxide ceramics (specifically SiC-based), ceramic–ceramic, and ceramic–metal composites, coatings on metallic components where functional application properties can be achieved. Some principles of materials selection, specifically for erosion wear and corrosion applications, and manufacturing are considered. The examples of the successful development and processing of ceramics, coatings, and composites with manageable structures and phase compositions, in the erosion-related applications, particularly conducted by the author, are discussed and reviewed. Specifically, industrially employed types of ceramics and processing routes were focused on the considered applications. Particular demands for advanced materials with high reliability and complex shapes or for protective coatings on complex shape steel components and long tubing with inner surface protection require novel and optimized processing. The factors affecting erosion and erosion–corrosion resistance and the paths for the erosion resistance enhancement of ceramic and coating materials are considered. Ceramic components design, technology, and installation features are reviewed.     

Advances and challenges of ceramic pigments for inkjet printing

In the last decades, the development of new ceramic pigments has been a very pursuit goal, mainly since the emergence of the inkjet technology applied to ceramic tiles. The digital decoration of industrial ceramics has contributed to a notable reduction of pigment consumption and an aesthetical decoration improvement, which makes more flexible the production processes, enhancing the reproducibility and cost savings. The nanopigment requirements of the inkjet technology demand submicronic particle size, ink rheology, stability, drop resolution, etc. Although the up-down procedure by micromilling contributed firstly to the particle size reduction of existing pigments, novel approaches are developed to obtain directly high-quality particles of suitable size with the aim of providing a higher optical efficiency. Thus, in this work, a comprehensive review about the existing crystalline structures, novel compositions, and synthesis methods as well as new coloring mechanisms is addressed, giving an overview of all these advances while considering the four-color process required for inkjet technology. The inkjet technology has the challenge of evolving towards a sustainable technology by eliminating the use of critical raw materials, removing the use of synthesis aid fluxes, and reducing the energy consumption, to approximate to a circular economy which is predominant in this sector.     

值得关注的特种精细陶瓷材料

现代高科技为陶瓷的发展注入了新的活力,特种精细陶瓷材料和高分子合成材料相结合,将成为名副其实的耐高温的高强度材料。针对特种精细陶瓷有广阔的发展前景,阐述了特种精细陶瓷应用于国民经济的各个领域,介绍了特种精细陶瓷的种类及与传统陶瓷的主要区别,研究了典型的特种精细陶瓷——微孔陶瓷过滤材料,提出了特种精细陶瓷在未来汽车零部件上的研发趋势。     

Chemically stable ceramics based on porcelain stone from the boinaksaiskoe deposit

Results on the development of ceramic materials based on the raw materials of Uzbekistan and having good chemical resistance to aggressive media are presented. The chemical and mineralogical compositions of the raw materials are investigated, a method for producing materials from them is developed, and their physicochemical properties are investigated. It is established that porcelain stones from the Boinaksaiskoe Deposit can be used for the production of chemically stable ceramics.Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 6, pp. 27–28, June, 1995.