REFLECTION OF OBLIQUE INCIDENT WAVES BY PERFORATED CAISSONS WITH TRAVERSE WALL

The interaction of oblique incident waves with infinite number of perforated caissons is investigated. The fluid domain is divided into infinite sub-domains by the caissons, and eigen-function expansion is applied to expand velocity potentials in each domain. A phase relation is introduced for wave oscillation in each caisson, and the structure geometry is considered in constructing the models of reflection waves. The reflected waves with the present analysis include all of the waves traveling in different directions when incident wave period is short. Numerical examinations show that velocities at the inner and outer sides of the front walls of caissons are close to each other, and reflection coefficients satisfy the energy conservation relation very well when porous effect parameter is infinite. Numerical results show that the reflection coefficients of oblique incident waves are smaller for shorter caissons at low frequency, and decrease with the increase of wave incident angle.     

拱坝随机地震行波效应分析

将随机振动的虚拟激励法与拱坝地基动力相互作用FE-BE-IBE时域模型结合,发展了一个可以考虑随机地震动行波效应的拱坝随机动力响应计算模型,并用Monte-Carlo法对模型进行了验证.不同行波波速的计算结果表明,行波效应可以影响拱坝的动力响应,幅度在10%~20%,较小的行波波速在坝体边界产生应力集中现象,表明行波效应对拱坝动力响应具有显著影响.     

考虑成层地基的黏弹性人工边界模型

为了将黏弹性人工边界条件用于成层地基模型的计算中,基于波动理论,推导了不同类型地震波的波幅比计算公式,采用延迟法考虑行波效应,完成了成层地基的自由场求解,得到了考虑地震波一次反射透射的等效荷载计算公式,最终建立了考虑成层地基的黏弹性人工边界模型。以SV波垂直入射为例,采用所建立的模型进行了重力坝的动力计算。结果表明,该模型满足工程抗震分析的精度要求,可以解决成层地基条件下,地震波垂直入射时考虑土-结构相互作用的结构动力分析问题。     

周期性加热Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Benard流动中局部行波的研究

该文通过二维流体力学基本方程组的数值模拟,研究了水平来流和周期性加热对腔体内流体的运动和动力学特性的影响。当相对瑞利数r(28)9时,随着水平来流雷诺数Re逐渐增加,腔体内的流体发生三种不同的运动,即局部对流运动、局部行波运动和水平流运动。对局部行波运动的周期pT进行研究,局部行波运动的稳定周期随水平来流雷诺数的增大而减小,随相对瑞利数的减小而减小;相对瑞利数越小,稳定周期随水平来流雷诺数变化的增长率越大。局部行波运动的区间(35)Re依赖水平来流雷诺数的强度,当水平来流雷诺数Re大于(35)Re的上限时流体为水平流运动,而当水平来流雷诺数Re小于(35)Re的下限时流体为局部对流运动;对于不同的相对瑞利数r,局部行波运动的区间(35)Re是不同的。随着水平来流雷诺数增大,发现腔体内上游行波区域对流圈的减少速度比下游行波区域更快。     

THE WAVE-MAKING CHARACTERISTICS OF A MOVING BODY IN A TWO-LAYER FLUID

The Wave-making characteristics of a moving body in a two-layer fluid with free surface is investigated numerically and experimentally. The numerical analysis is based on the modified layered boundary integral equation system. The wave characteristics on the free surface and interface generated by a moving sphere and an ellipsoid is numerically simulated in both finite depth and infinite depth of lower layer model. The numerical results of the sphere are compared with the analytical results for a dipole with the same velocity in a two-layer fluid of finite depth. The dependence of the wave systems and structures on the characteristic quantities is discussed. Three kinds of measurement techniques are used in model experiments on the internal waves generated by a sphere advancing in a two-layer fluid. The effects of the varying velocity and stratification on the wavelength, wave amplitudes and the maximum half angles of internal waves are analyzed qualitatively.     

输电线路双端行波故障定位新算法

双端行波故障定位原理简单，但受行波波速的不确定、输电线路长度差异以及行波波头到达时间记录不准确等因素的影响，容易出现较大的定位误差。在常规双端行波故障定位原理的基础上，提出了一种新型输电线路双端行波故障定位算法，通过记录故障初始行波到达线路两端的时刻、参考端记录的故障点反射行波和对端母线反射行波到达时刻，解方程组得到不受波速和线路弧垂影响的故障定位结果。实际应用结果表明，该算法具有较高的定位精度。     

一类非牛顿流体非线性渗流的压力波解析求解方法及波形分析

一类非牛顿流体渗流的视粘度依赖于压力梯度,且在不同的压力梯度区间内变化规律不同。其具有既不同于牛顿流体渗流,也不同于幂律流体渗流和宾汉流体渗流的非线性渗流特征。建立了该流体在多孔介质内部渗流的数学模型并利用行波法推导出了压力波的解析解。通过一系列算例分析了渗流方程控制参数对压力波形的影响,对比了该类流体与牛顿流体渗流的压力波差异。     

基于RANS方程的海堤越浪数值模拟

基于FLUENT商业化软件,以RANS方程为控制方程,基于有限体积法,采用k-epsilon湍流模型,运用一种“解析松弛”方法实现了适用于VOF方法的数值源造波技术。在该数值波浪水槽中对规则波在不可渗透简单斜坡堤上越浪过程进行了数值模拟,将越浪量计算值同物理实验结果及基于非线性浅水方程的数值结果进行了比对。结果表明：该数值模型能够较好地复演海堤越浪过程,同基于非线性浅水方程的数值结果相比,能更有效地模拟含有强烈卷吸、射流和破碎的海堤越浪问题。     

SURFACE AND INTERFACIAL GRAVITY WAVES INDUCED BY AN IMPULSIVE DISTURBANCE IN A TWO-LAYER INVISCID FLUID

The transient gravity waves due to an impulsive source in a two-layer fluid system are investigated analytically.The fluid is assumed to be inviscid and incompressible.The density of each of the two layers is constant.Five different boundary conditions are considered.The depth of each of the two layers is infinite or finite.The upper fluid of finite depth is covered by a rigid lid or a free surface.Based on the assumption of small-amplitude waves,a linear system is established.The integral solutions for the free-surface and interfacial waves are obtained by means of the Fourier-Laplace transform.The corresponding asymptotic representations are derived for large time with a fixed distance-to-time ratio by the Stokes and Scorer methods of stationary phase.The analytical solutions show that there are two different modes,namely the free-surface and interfacial wave modes.The wave profiles observed depend on the relation between the distance-to-time ratio and the maximal group velocities and on the limiting values of the second derivatives of the frequencies as well.     

基于OpenFOAM的挡板透空式防波堤水动力特性数值分析

基于有限体积法理论,应用开源计算流体力学软件OpenFOAM求解黏性不可压缩流体的连续性方程和动量方程,建立了二维数值波浪水槽,并通过规则波作用下挡板式透空结构的物理模型试验数据(波面、压力和流速)对数值波浪水槽进行了验证;计算并比较分析了不同入射波浪条件下挡板相对入水深度对透射系数和挡板底部流速的影响。结果表明,当挡板相对入水深度大于0.8时,透射系数可降低至0.5以下;随着挡板相对入水深度的增加,底部水体往复流动的速度也明显增大,这需要引起工程技术人员的额外关注。     

THE EXTENDED JACOBIAN ELLIPTIC FUNCTION EXPANSION METHOD AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN WEAKLY NONLINEAR WAVE EQUATIONS

1. INTRODUCTION In the study of nonlinear fluid models, it is very important to find exact solutions and especially physical significant soliton solutions. In the past decades, variety of methods are developed to solve Nonlinear Partial Differential Equat…     

THE STATISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF IRREGULAR BREAKING WAVE FORCES ON VERTICAL WALLS

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Homotopy-based analytical approximation to nonlinear short-crested waves in a fluid of finite depth

A nonlinear short-crested wave system, consisting of two progressive waves propagating at an oblique angle to each other in a fluid of finite depth, is investigated by means of an analytical approach named the homotopy analysis method(HAM). Highly convergent series solutions are explicitly derived for the velocity potential and the surface wave elevation. We find that, at every value of water depth, there is little difference between the kinetic energy and the potential energy for nonlinear waves. The nonlinear short-crested waves with a larger angle of incidence always contain the more potential wave energy. With the aid of the HAM, we obtain the dispersion relation for nonlinear short-crested waves. Furthermore, it is shown that the wave elevation tends to be smoothened at the crest and be sharpened at the trough as the water depth increases, and the wave pressure crests and troughs become steeper with increasing incident wave steepness.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TRAVELING WAVE CONVECTION IN A WEAKLY NONLINEAR REGIME

1.　INTRODUCTIONExperimentsontravelingwave(TW)convectionofabinaryfluidmixtureinfinitegeometrieshavefoundthatthesystemundergoesatransitionofalinearinstability[1][2]　attheonsetofconvectiontoaweaklynonlinearbranch[3～10]　　　inverycloseonsetofconvectionforacertainparameters.AlongthisweaklynonlinearbranchtherichdynamicshasbeenobservedinexperimentsforaseparationratiowithorderofΨ～-10-2.Spatiallyandtemporallymodulatedtravelingwaves(MTW)statefortheconvectionofabinaryfluidmixtureinalongandnar…     

Numerical simulation and comparison of potential flow and viscous fluid models in near trapping of narrow gaps

Numerical simulation results of fluid oscillation in narrow gaps subjected to incident water waves are presented in this paper. Both viscous fluid model and potential flow model with artificial viscous damping are employed to investigate wave motions in a single narrow gap separated by twin bodies and double narrow gaps formed by three identical bodies. Variation of wave heights in the narrow gaps with incident wave frequency is compared with experimental data available in literatures. The numerical results demonstrate that both the viscous fluid model and the potential flow model are able to predict the resonant frequency reasonably well. However the conventional potential flow model (without introducing the artificial viscous damping) significantly over-predicts the wave height in narrow gaps around the resonant frequency. The potential flow model with artificial damping predicts resonant wave heights well with a properly tuned (or calibrated) damping coefficient. The horizontal wave force on the individual body is also examined in this work. It is found that a properly calibrated damping coefficient is also very important for estimating the horizontal wave forces on the structures. A damping coefficient of 0.4 in the potential flow model is found to result in satisfactory predictions of wave heights in the narrow gaps and the horizontal hydrodynamic force for the cases considered in this work.

     

Numerical study of the wave-induced slamming force on the elastic plate based on MPS-FEM coupled method

Slamming is the phenomenon of structure impacting the water surface. It always results in the extremely high load on the structure. This paper is mainly concerned with the slamming force caused by the wave-plate interaction. In this paper, the process of solitary wave impacting onto the horizontal plate is simulated with the help of the moving particle semi-implicit and finite element coupled method(MPS-FEM). The MPS method is adopted to calculate the fluid domain while the structural domain is solved by FEM method. In the first series of simulations, the profiles of the solitary waves with various amplitudes, which are generated in the numerical wave tank, are compared with the theoretical results. Thereafter the interaction between the solitary waves and a rigid plate is simulated. The effects of wave amplitude, as well as the elevation of the plate above the initial water level, on the slamming force are numerically investigated. The calculated results are compared with the available experimental data. Finally, the interactions between the solitary waves and the elastic plate are also simulated. The effects of the structural flexibility on the wave-induced force are analyzed by the comparison between the cases with elastic and the rigid plate.     

Ship waves in rivers: Environmental criteria and analysis methods for measurements

A literature review shows that the most important physical quantities determining environmental impact of ship waves in a waterway are the fluid velocities, maximum and minimum water levels, and size of drawdown events. Fluid velocity can vary strongly in the vertical so that the usual measurements at a single point are not enough unless made near where the effects are most important, often the bed. Customary use of wave height as a measure of impact has been misleading, because the all-important fluid velocity is of a scale given by wave height divided by wave period. A good and simple estimate of the surface velocity as a disturbance scale is shown to be given by the time derivative of the free surface height. The most important role of linear wave theory is to explain and understand the physics and measurement procedures, such as done here in several places. Its use for obtaining numerical results is criticised. Instead, three integral measures of impact are proposed, all of which use surface elevation measurements and which require no essential mathematical approximations or wave-by-wave analysis. The methods are applied to a study of ship waves on the Danube River. A number of results are presented, including examination of the effects of measurement frequency. After a ship passage, due to repeated shoreline reflections of the wake waves, the river is brought into a long-lasting state of short-crested disturbances, with finite fluid velocities. The environmental consequences of this might be important. After the primary and secondary ship waves it could be called the tertiary wave system.     

Transient flexural- and capillary-gravity waves due to disturbances in two-layer density-stratified fluid

Generation of the transient flexural- and capillary-gravity waves by impulsive disturbances in a two-layer fluid is investigated analytically. The upper fluid is covered by a thin elastic plate or by an inertial surface with the capillary effect. The density of each of the two immiscible layers is constant. The fluids are assumed to be inviscid and incompressible and the motion be irrotational. A point force on the surface and simple mass sources in the upper and lower fluid layers are considered. A linear system is established within the framework of potential theory. The integral solutions for the surface and interfacial waves are obtained by means of the Laplace-Fourier transform. A new representation for the dispersion relation of flexural- and capillary-gravity waves in a two-layer fluid is derived. The asymptotic representations of the wave motions are derived for large time with a fixed distance-to-time ratio with the Stokes and Scorer methods of stationary phase. It is shown that there are two different modes, namely the surface and interfacial wave modes. The wave systems observed depend on the relation between the observer's moving speed and the intrinsic minimal and maximal group velocities.     

UNSTEADY WAVES DUE TO AN IMPULSIVE OSEENLET BENEATH THE CAPILLARY SURFACE OF A VISCOUS FLUID

The two-dimensional free-surface waves due to a point force steadily moving beneath the capillary surface of an incompressible viscous fluid of infinite depth were analytically investigated. The unsteady Oseen equations were taken as the governing equations for the viscous flows. The kinematic and dynamic conditions including the combined effects of surface tension and viscosity were linearized for small-amplitude waves on the free-surface. The point force is modeled as an impulsive Oseenlet. The complex dispersion relation for the capillary-gravity waves shows that the wave patterns are characterized by the Weber number and the Reynolds number. The asymptotic expansions for the wave profiles were explicitly derived by means of Lighthill’s theorem for the Fourier transform of a function with a finite number of singularities. Furthermore, it is found that the unsteady wave system consists of four families, that is, the steady-state gravity wave, the steady-state capillary wave, the transient gravity wave, and the transient capillary wave. The effect of viscosity on the capillary-gravity was analytically expressed.