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1.
计算机技术、激光技术和图象处理技术的发展带动了流场测试技术的迅速提高,PIV技术克服了以往流场测量方法中单点测量和不能测量瞬态流场的局限性,它成功地应用于物体入水初期流场的测量,为研究此类流动提供了一种新的途径。本文简单介绍了PIV测量物体入不初期流场的方法并给出了试验结果。  相似文献   

2.
入水初期流场的测量方法   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
计算机技术、激光技术和图象处理技术的发展带动了流场测试技术的迅速提高,PIV技术克服了以往流场测量方法中单点测量和不能测量瞬态流场的局限性,它成功地应用于物体入水初期流场的测量,为研究此类流动提供了一种新的途径.本文简单介绍了PIV测量物体入水初期流场的方法并给出了试验结果.  相似文献   

3.
混流式转轮出口流速分布的PIV测试研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
转轮出口速度分布好坏直接影响尾水管内压力脉动的大小,是影响稳定性的内在因素之一。本文针对HL220改型的模型试验,对转轮出口的速度内流分布,采用2D-PIV激光内流速测试设备对锥管内径向面进行了内流测试,给出了最优工况下转轮出口处径向面的流动瞬态分布,清楚显示了尾水管进口位置在最优工况下的流动非定常特征与细节。试验结果表明,PIV内流测试是进行转轮出口流动测量的一种可靠方法,结果为研究尾水管内的流动分布提供了必要的依据和边界条件。  相似文献   

4.
粒子图像测速(PIV)是一种基于流场图像互相关分析的非接触式瞬时全流场测量技术,它融合了计算机、光学及图像处理技术等交叉学科,在流体力学、空气动力学以及生命科学等领域有着广泛的应用。随着PIV技术的进步,其测量功能由早期的二维平面发展成三维空间,为瞬态流场的可视化提供了强有力的工具。从测试原理及系统组成的角度,重点介绍了立体PIV、全息PIV、层析PIV及微PIV等最新三维PIV技术,总结了PIV技术的发展和研究现状,最后探讨了PIV技术的未来发展趋势。  相似文献   

5.
应用NUMECA商业软件计算了某低比转速离心泵内部的三维紊流流场,分析了离心泵内部流场的压力、速度分布,讨论了泵内流动的漩涡现象,进一步优化了叶轮的设计,得到了水力性能较高的离心泵叶轮.  相似文献   

6.
利用三坐标测量仪及相应测绘方法对HL160-LJ-25模型水轮机过流部件进行了测量,得到过流表面数据,构建了水轮机各个部件的几何模型;采用CFD及其滑移网格技术,对模型水轮机整机内部流动进行了三维定常和非定常湍流计算,重点研究了导叶出口与转轮进口之间的动静干扰影响下的流场特点,从空间和时间两个方面分别提取压强变化信息,分析得知该区域内压强的变化在空间和时间上均呈现周期性变化规律。分析结果对改善水轮机性能具有重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

7.
混流式水轮机转轮内三元空化流场的预测   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8  
任静  常近时 《水利学报》1998,29(7):0008-0012
本文提出了混流式水轮机转轮内三元空化流场的数值分析方法和一种新的空穴模型,实现了水轮机转轮内三元空化流场和叶片上三元空化区域的预测.通过比较岩滩水电站模型转轮的空化试验结果及其三元空化流场的数值分析结果,可以证明:基于此种准三元空化流动理论的转轮内空化流场分析结果具有定量上的准确性,具有工程实用价值。  相似文献   

8.
粒子图像测速(PIV)技术是一种瞬态流动平面二维速度场测试技术,在细部流场实测领域得到重视,但是成熟的PIV产品价格高昂。鉴于此,介绍了一种简易的PIV装置,主要由高速摄像机、激光发射器、柱面透镜和示踪粒子构成,以较低成本即可基本实现商业用PIV产品的功能。为了验证简易PIV性能,设计了PIV简易装置,采用Fluent软件模拟,并结合PIV技术对比分析了简易PIV装置的优缺点,同时对影响结果的粒径大小和粒子跟随性进行了优化。结果表明,简易PIV装置适宜选用玉米粉作为示踪粒子,并需要根据示踪粒子跟随性所能达到的最大进口水流速度选择高速摄像机的帧率,最终能够较好地实现流场实测,进而达到对PIV技术进行开发和优化的目的,其分析结果将为后续研究者提供参考。  相似文献   

9.
利用PIV技术,对二维后向台阶定常流的瞬态速度场进行了测量,得到层流至湍流情况下定常流流场中旋涡的生成、发展和演化的现象和规律。本文分析了各种情况下旋涡结构特点、讨论了与时均流场和自由剪切层的区别,还给出了二维后向台阶流的拓扑结构。  相似文献   

10.
计算流体(CFD)技术已经成功地运用于离心泵内部湍流流动的数值模拟。通过实体建模,为某型号离心泵添加固定导叶,然后运用ANSYS软件,基于标准k-ε模型,对离心泵内部流场进行数值模拟,并对添加导叶前后的压力、速度矢量图以及效率与实际的试验数据进行比较。结果发现,添加固定导叶后,出口压力明显增大,液流流动更加均匀,效率也得到大幅提升,而且与实验结果也比较吻合。研究结果进一步验证了仿真模拟的可靠性,同时也为实体泵优化和进一步提升效率研究提供理论参考。  相似文献   

11.
The Basset-Boussinesq-Oseen (BBO) equation can be used for most flows to trace the motion of a particle, but in a centrifugal pump, among the forces that act on the particles, one should also include those due to the impeller rotation, as additional effects. This paper firstly reviews various approximations of the BBO equation for the motion of dispersion particles in a viscous fluid. Then based on the motion equation for particles in low Reynolds number centrifugal pumps, a formula for calculating the tracking characteristics of tracer particles is deduced through the Fourier integral transformation. After that the deviations of the particle motion from the fluid motion, as predicted by the various approximations, are discussed and compared. At last, with an emphasis on the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) results, the tracking characteristics of particles are estimated. Also, advantages and disadvantages of different tracer particles are discussed and suitable tracer particles for application in PIV studies for flow fields in centrifugal pumps are suggested.  相似文献   

12.
PIV MEASUREMENT OF THE GAS-SOLID FLOW PATTERN IN A CFB RISER   总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1  
Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) is a valuable measuring tool for studying multiphase flows, such as liquid-gas and gas-solid flow. It can be used to carry out many hydrodynamic studies, in particular, to determine accurately the gas-solid flow structure in CFB (Circulating Fluidized Beds). In this paper, the technique characteristics was described in applying the PIV to measure the gas-solid flow in circulating fluidized beds. A primary experiment was completed on a CFB unit with the PIV, yielding the velocity vector fields of high-density particles for different gas-solid superficial velocities and solid recycle rates. Velocities of the transported particles were calculated with cross-correlation method. The major factors influencing the successful measurement of particle velocity with the PIV technique were also described.  相似文献   

13.
The inner flow analysis of centrifugal pumps has gradually become an important issue for the hydraulic design and performance improvement.Nowadays,CFD simulation toolbox of pump inner flow mainly contains commercial tools and open source tools.There are some defects for commercial CFD software for the numerical simulation of 3-D turbulent internal flow in pump,especially in capturing the flow characteristics under the off-design operating conditions.Additionally,it is difficult for researchers to do further investigation because of the undeclared source.Therefore,an open source software like Open Field Operation and Manipulation (OpenFOAM) is increasingly popular with researchers from all over the world.In this paper,a new computational study was implemented based on the original solver and was used to directly simulate the steady-state inner flow in a double blades pump,with the specific speed is 111.In order to disclose the characteristics deeply,three research schemes were conducted.The ratios () of the flow rate are 0.8,1.0 and 1.2,respectively.The simulation results were verified with the Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) experimental results,and the numerical calculation results agree well with the experimental data.Meanwhile,the phenomena of flow separation under the off-design operating conditions are well captured by OpenFOAM.The results indicate that OpenFOAM possesses obvious strong predominance in computing the internal flow field of pump.The analysis results can also be used as the basis for the further research and the improvement of centrifugal pump.  相似文献   

14.
在测定冰盖下复式断面流场、流速的模型试验中,水体中的运动粒子是重点研究对象。粒子图像测速(Particle Image Velocimetry,PIV)技术已在水力学研究领域得到普遍应用,但该技术在冰盖下复式断面渠道模型试验的应用为国内首次。基于试验特点,设计砖砌混凝土的循环水箱,采用变频器配合水泵、流量计实现对流量的定量控制,对不同流量下不同断面的流场、流速进行测定,采用PIV技术对水体中运动的粒子的位移场进行具体分析。试验结果表明,PIV分析结果能够直观反映流场中的状态,且可以避免测量盲区,其所测的流速与多普勒超声测速仪测得值吻合较好,并给出了横向流速分布图,弥补了传统方法无法获得冰盖下的流场分布的难题。  相似文献   

15.
循环流化床环核结构速度分布PIV测试   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
利用粒子图像测速仪(PIV)对循环流化床中颗粒流场进行了系统的实验研究。运用适合于高粒子浓度的最小方差法(MQD)图像处理算法得到了截面内典型环核流动颗粒速度矢量场。采用速度矢量场的方法可以确定出环核结构分界。定量上获得了不同时刻颗粒轴向上升和下落平均速度大小及沿床径向分布特性。在统计颗粒轴向上升速度和下落速度代数和基础上,获得了总体上颗粒轴向速度沿床径向在整个截面内形成抛物线型的环核分布规律。  相似文献   

16.
Accurate knowledge of the speed at which water moves along a river is essential for understanding ecohydraulic processes and managing natural resources. Measuring flow velocity via remote sensing can be more efficient than conventional field methods, and powerful computational techniques for inferring velocity fields from videos or image time series have been developed. The development of dedicated software tools for particle image velocimetry (PIV) could facilitate greater use of these methods by the river community. This paper introduces a standalone app designed for this exact purpose: the Toolbox for River Velocimetry using Images from Aircraft, or TRiVIA. The program provides a complete workflow for producing spatially distributed velocity vectors from a video or sequence of images, all within an accessible graphical user interface. TRiVIA includes modules for extracting and resampling frames, stabilization and geo-referencing images, defining a region of interest, enhancing images, performing PIV with an efficient ensemble correlation algorithm, visualizing results, assessing accuracy assessment, and exporting PIV output. We illustrate the software's capabilities using an example data set from a large river in Alaska. The initial release of the toolbox is now freely available. Augmenting TRiVIA to incorporate bathymetric information could enable discharge calculation functionality.  相似文献   

17.
扫描光屏法在PIV技术测量自由剪切层中的应用   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
PIV技术是九十年代实验流体力学的重大成就。它能够提供瞬时整个流场的定量信息,而且具有很高的空间分辨率和很好的精度。为了获得清晰可靠的PIV底片,人们对实验方法作了很多改进。本文讨论了近年使用较多的扫描光屏法,提出了该方法在使用中特别注意的一些问题,并给出了用该方法测量自由剪切流场的结果。  相似文献   

18.
Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique was employed to study experimentally gas-liquid two-phase flow in an aeration tank. In terms of the PIV principles, an algorithm of PIV based on the Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) was worked out. The PIV program was developed and verified, and then was used to measure three kinds of states in the testing device. The program was also used to calculate and analyze the related parameters. The experimental data indicate that the bubbles in testing device have the longest resident time and stronger turbulent intensity for the gas-liquid two-phase flow in a special case (Case 3), resulting in great increase of the oxygen transferring speed and efficiency, whereby providing the basis for the selection design of aeration tank.  相似文献   

19.
The shading method is a simple but effective way of reducing image blooming in the measurement of open channel flows with the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV).The current paper proposes a simplified analytical model for light attenuation using this method.The model is verified against experimental data,and the influence of several parameters is illustrated numerically.The possible adverse effect due to the light attenuation is shown to be limited when the parameters in the shading method are in an adequate range,as shown by processing standard images of Case B in PIV Challenge 03.A simple criterion for setting the shade in experiment is given for controlling the errors caused by the shading technique within an acceptable range.  相似文献   

20.
Based on established numerical methods and hydrodynamic performance testing facilities, CFD technique are applied to improve the design of the implantable axial flow blood pump and the flow analysis. (1) Applying brushless machine magnet steel, reducing its thickness while increasing the length, the flow channel's cross-section is increased, with no space connection between the large and the small rotators, and with a cone transition segment from the bearing to the principal axis, the flow is made smoother. The rotating speed is lowered by 1000 rpm – 1200 rpm under the same flow rate and pressure head, and thus the hemolysis can be avoided. (2) Different outlet stator guiding vanes are selected for the same blood pump for analyses of hydrodynamic performances and flow fields. An excellent design not only can regulate the rotating flow field into an axial one, reduce the circulation loss and improve the pump efficiency, but also can avoid backflow, vortex and secondary flow at the pump outlet, and thus the thrombus can be prevented. (3) The calf live tests show that some residual clots exist at the inner wall of the outlet connection bends, which are analyzed and explained by CFD techniques and the corresponding improvements are proposed. All results are verified by hydrodynamic performance tests and PIV flow field tests, and consistent conclusions are obtained.  相似文献   

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