新技术与新成果

正2017001一种浸出古巴镍钴原料的方法一种浸出古巴镍钴原料的方法,涉及一种浸出古巴镍钴原料提取镍、钴、铜的湿法冶金方法。其特征在于浸出过程将古巴镍钴原料与硫酸溶液浆化入釜,进行加温、加压、氧化浸出,将得到的浸出液过滤,进行萃取分离铜、镍、钴。采用本发明的一种浸出古巴镍钴原料的方法,原料中的镍、铜、钴的浸出率≥99.1%,加压氧化浸出液可采用P204、P507萃     

二氧化硫氨浸及溶剂萃取钴壳

钴壳用二氧化硫气体作还原剂进行了氨浸,研究了浸出时间、浸出温度和碳酸铵浓度对镍、钴、铜、铁和锰浸出的影响.二氧化硫作还原剂,用碳酸铵溶液可实现从钴壳中选择性浸出镍、钴和铜.在适当的浸出条件下,金属元素的浸出率分别为Ni90%,Co97%,Cu93%,Fe1.8%和Mn6.0%.采用溶剂萃取从碳酸铵溶液中分离镍、钴、和铜.萃取试验用LIX-84作萃取剂,铜和镍的萃取率在99%以上,钴则在1.0%以下.钴的萃取被亚硫酸盐离子遮蔽.含有镍和铜的有机相用稀硫酸或盐酸在pH=1.7时反萃镍,pH=0时反萃铜.     

镍精矿加压酸浸新工艺研究

研究了金川镍精矿加压一步全浸镍、钴、铜新工艺,浸出液中和除铜后萃取分离镍钴,镍、钴、铜的浸出率可分别达到99.5%、98%和98%以上。该工艺与硫酸选择性浸出相比具有金属浸出率高、分离彻底、易分别回收等优点。     

二氧化硫氨浸及溶剂萃取钴壳

钴壳用二氧化硫气体作还原剂进行了氨浸,研究了浸出时间,浸出温度和碳酸铵浓度对镍、钴、铜、铁和锰浸出的影响,二氧化硫作还原剂,用碳酸铵溶液可实现从钴壳中选择性浸出镍,钴 和铜,在适当的浸出条件下,金属元素的浸出率分别为Ni90%,Co97%,Cu93%,Fe1.8%和Mn6.0%。使用溶剂萃取从碳酸铵溶液中分离镍、钴和铜,萃取试验用LIX－84作萃取剂,铜和镍的萃取率在99％以上,钴则在1．0％以下,钴的萃取被亚硫酸盐离子遮蔽,含有镍和铜的有机相用稀硫酸或盐酸在pH=1.7时反萃镍,pH=0时反萃铜。     

一种浸出海绵铜的方法

正一种浸出海绵铜的方法,涉及一种从铜镍冶炼和精炼产生含铜渣-海绵铜中浸出镍、钴、铜的方法。其特征在于其浸出过程是以硫酸为浸出试剂,以氧为浸出氧化剂,加压氧化浸出海绵铜物料中的镍、钴、铜。本发明的优点是在此条件下进行海绵铜加压氧化浸出,铜、镍、钴的浸出率都能达到99%以上,同时浸出液中铜离子浓度可达90 g/L     

重金属加压浸出技术现状及展望

加压浸出作为一种高效的湿法冶金手段,迄今为止已在铜、锌、镍、钴等重金属行业,以及铀、钼、黄金和铂族等稀贵金属行业得到推广应用。总结了重有色金属铜、铅、锌、镍、钴行业和冶炼过程副产物加压浸出技术研究和工业化应用现状,包括复杂硫化铜矿、铜钴矿、硫化砷渣、黑铜泥、铜阳极泥、白烟尘和铜钴冶炼转炉渣加压浸出,复杂硫化锌矿、锌浸出渣、赤铁矿除铁、镓锗富集物、铜渣等加压浸出,硫化镍矿、红土镍矿、白合金、铜渣和钴冰铜加压浸出等。最后,对加压浸出技术在重有色金属行业未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

氯化钠—氧气浸取镍钴铜硫化精矿

论述氯化钠溶液中氧气浸出浮选镍铜钴硫化精矿的过程，讨论了镍和钴的浸出行为和浸出动力学、实验证实，镍和钴的浸出速率及最科浸出率主要取决于取溶液中铜离子浓度和氧分压；过高的反应温度不利于镍和钴的浸出；溶液ＰＨ值基本不影响浸出，镍和然的同速度受浸取液中铜离子扩散及一价铜离子与氧的化学反应混合控制。     

低镍锍氯化浸出试验研究

本文针对低镍锍进行了氯化浸出试验研究,考察了浸出初始酸度、电位、初始铜离子浓度对低镍锍中镍、铜、钴及贵金属元素浸出率的影响。试验结果显示,低镍锍氯化浸出过程中,浸出初始酸度0.5 mol/L、初始Cu~(2+)浓度5 g/L、浸出电位450～460 mv、浸出时间2 h时,镍、铜、铁、钴金属元素的浸出率均可达98%以上,银浸出率大于95%,金浸出率约为5%,铂、钯不浸出。     

采用加压稀硫酸浸出法从铜炉渣中提取钴、镍和铜

在早期研究中,我们确定了用氯化铁溶液和稀硫酸从转炉渣中浸出回收钴、镍和铜的最佳条件。应用这两种浸出剂,可以溶解出转炉渣中大部份的铜、镍和钴。但由于浸出液中含有大量铁,因此,从中分离和回收铜、镍和钴就很困难。本文研究了一种加压稀硫酸浸出方法。在该法中利用氧化和水解作用使铁的污染降至最低程度。为了最大限度地溶解出铜、镍和钴,研究了浸出时间、矿浆含固量、粒度、酸浓度和氧分压等参数的影响。在最佳条件下,可浸出约90％的铜和95％以上的镍和钴,而铁的浸出率却仅为0.8％。     

复杂铜钴矿浸出溶液处理试验

以复杂铜钴矿浸出溶液为原料,采用M5774萃取铜,硫酸反萃,铜的萃取率和反萃率均大于99%,萃余液用SO_2/空气混合气氧化中和除铁、锰,除铁后液铁和铝均小于0.005g/L,锰没有完全除掉,采用活性氧化镁沉淀镍和钴,在较优条件下,镍、钴沉淀率分别为97.73%和94.33%,用活性氧化钙沉淀锰和镁。     

高铁硫化矿选择性浸出铁的研究

将镍钴火法冶炼转炉渣进行还原硫化,制备成富含镍钴铜的高含铁硫化矿,并采用加压选择性浸出其中的铁。对铁的浸出行为进行了研究。结果表明,随着铜浸出率从98%降到-42%,铁浸出率从3%升到43%左右,选择性浸出后液含铁越来越高,而且以二价铁居多,这是造成高铁硫化矿难以进行加压选浸的主要原因。     

A nitric acid route for processing a nickel/copper sulphide concentrate

This paper is concerned with the processing of an indigenously available pyritic sulphide concentrate for the recovery of the associated nickel and copper values by nitric acid leaching. Two different processing schemes have been investigated. In the first, the concentrate as such has been acid leached at ambient pressure in a stainless steel vessel. The influence of time, temperature, and the quantity of acid in the leaching process has been studied. Data on acid regeneration have been collected. It has been possible to achieve high recoveries of nickel and copper with acid regeneration amounting to about 60% of the total input for leaching. In the second, the concentrate after pre-roasting has been leached using a smaller quantity of nitric acid as compared with the straight leaching procedure. The influence of various pre-roasting temperatures on the leaching behaviour has been studied. High recoveries of nickel and copper have been obtained by leaching the sulphide concentrate after pre-roasting at about 450°C. Based on these results an attempt has been made to propose a flowsheet for the treatment of sulphidic resources of nickel and copper.     

钴冰镍常压浸出工艺研究

以镍转炉渣还原硫化熔炼得到的钴冰镍为原料,在常压下于硫酸体系中进行浸出,考察了硫酸浓度、液固比、浸出时间及浸出温度对钴冰镍中有价成分浸出率的影响。结果表明,液固比和硫酸浓度对钴、镍、铁的浸出率影响较大。当硫酸浓度为1.6mol/L、液固比5、浸出时间2.5h、浸出温度85℃时,铁浸出率达到69%,镍、钴浸出率分别控制在1%和5%以内,取得了很好的选择性浸出效果。     

常温常压硫酸浸出富钴结壳研究

以二氧化硫为还原剂 ,在常温常压下 ,用硫酸快速浸出大洋富钴结壳。考察了各种因素对金属浸出率的影响 ,其中二氧化硫和硫酸用量的影响最显著。浸出反应速度快 ,3 0min内 ,有价金属几乎完全被浸出 ,在适宜条件下 ,有价金属的浸出率分别为 (% ) :Co 99 41、Ni 98 10、Cu 92 5 4、Mn 97 89,二氧化硫消耗 0 177t/t矿     

Bioleaching of Rare Metals from Manganese Nodules by Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans

Manganese nodules, which constitute a potential future resource of rare metals, are composed mainly of oxides of manganese and iron, with various metals such as copper, nickel, and cobalt. Although physical and chemical processes have been developed for extracting the rare metals from manganese nodules, another possible process is the leaching of metals by microbial means.

This paper describes leaching of raw manganese nodules by sulfurous acid and sulfuric acid which are biologically produced by oxidation of elemental sulfur by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. The bioleaching behavior of each metal from nodules was measured at 30°C and pH 2 in a well-mixed batch reactor. The metal content of the nodules used in this work was 0.29% Cu, 0.49% Ni, 0.27% Co, 16% Fe and 17% Mn by weights. For both the microbial system and the control culture containing no T.ferrooxidans, copper and nickel exhibited close to 100% leaching in two weeks and less than 5% for iron and manganese. On the other hand, leaching of cobalt was markedly accelerated in the microbial system reaching 50% in two weeks compared with the sterile control. The bioleaching rate of cobalt was enhanced as the initial sulfur-liquid loading ratio became higher, but is was practically independent of the nodule size which was less than 330 mesh. Moreover, there was an optimal relation between the bioleaching rate and the initial cell concentration, and the addition of T.ferrooxidans cells in excess of the optimal concentration resulted in a decrease in the leaching rate of cobalt.     

A new method for recovering valuable metals from low-grade nickeliferous oxide ores

A new method, the concentrated sulfuric acid acidolysis and water leaching (SAWL) of nickeliferous oxide ores, is proposed and the optimal conditions for recovery of nickel, cobalt and copper from a low-grade Chinese nickeliferous oxide ore are presented. A series of experiments were conducted which examined the effect of acid charge, acid curing temperature and acid curing time. Recoveries of up to 95%, 83% and 95% for Ni, Cu and Co, respectively were obtained with only the sulfuric acid at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. Comparing the percolation leaching with agitation leaching showed that percolation leaching was capable of extracting the valuable metals with water. The SAWL method was scaled to three-stages counter-current leaching tests using 1 kg of ore. The results indicate greater than 90% extraction for nickel and cobalt.     

Sulphuric acid leaching of cobalt-bearing manganese wad

Manganese wad from the Mt. Tabor region of Queensland, Australia, contains in excess of 1% cobalt with lesser amounts of nickel and copper. As such, it presents a significant cobalt resource, particularly in terms of Australia's cobalt requirements. Because of the remote location and the lack of infrastructural facilities, potential processing routes need to be kept as simple as possible. There are many similarities between terrestrial manganese wads and deep-sea manganese nodules, and so routes developed for the processing of the latter should be applicable to the wad. Of these routes, sulphuric acid leaching at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature appears to have considerable potential.This paper describes the results obtained with sulphuric acid leaching using the pug, agitated tank and column techniques. Even with excess acid, dissolution of the cobalt, copper and nickel from the wad was found to be extremely slow, with reaction times of weeks and months required for more than 50% dissolution. No conditions could be found where selective dissolution of cobalt, copper and nickel over manganese occurred. Comparative tests were carried out with Pacific Ocean deep-sea manganese nodules.Because of the low leaching rate found with sulphuric acid at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature, commercial exploitation of the Mt. Tabor wad with this leachant under these conditions seems unlikely. Previously reported work indicates that a better approach will be to use sulphur dioxide as the leachant, even though this is a considerably more expensive leachant.     

Pressure leaching of copper converter slag using dilute sulphuric acid for the extraction of cobalt, nickel and copper values

In our earlier studies [1–4], conditions were optimized for leaching converter slag with ferric chloride/dilute sulphuric acid for the recovery of cobalt, nickel and copper. By using both leachants most of the copper, nickel and cobalt values could be solubilized. Subsequent treatment of the leach liquors for separation and recovery of metals was difficult due to the presence of large quantities of iron in relation to other metal concentrations. In the present work, an attempt has been made to develop a process based on pressure leaching of the slag with dilute sulphuric acid in which iron contamination could be minimized by oxidation and hydrolysis. Various parameters including leaching time, pulp density, particle size, concentration of acid and oxygen partial pressure were studied to optimize the solubility of metal values. Under optimum conditions about 90% copper and more than 95% each of nickel and cobalt could be extracted with only 0.8% extraction of iron.     

铜渣浸出中镍的浸出行为研究

研究了高冰镍选择性氧化浸出产生的铜湘在常压氧气浸出过程中镍的溶解行为,考查了硫酸浓度、氯化物浓度、氧气流量及温度等参数对其的影响。