离子交换树脂负载氰化铜的解吸

研究了从氰化尾液中回收铜的工艺过程,主要涉及铜在吸附解吸过程发生的物理化学变化。分析了铜在溶液中的存在状态和在树脂上的吸附状态以及树脂在解吸过程中颜色的变化所伴随的相关反应,根据这些变化确定了铜的解吸剂。结果表明,铜的状态变化和解吸剂的选择密切相关,根据铜的物理化学变化能够选出有效的解吸剂。     

用树脂回收钼酸铵生产废液中钼及有价资源的研究及生产实践

选用适当的树脂利用离子交换吸附的原理，回收钼酸铵生产过程中产生的酸性含钼废液中的钼金属，用稀氨水解吸饱和树脂，得到钼酸铵溶液，经净化除杂制得符合国标的钼酸盐产品；尾液进一步回收有价金属和铵盐，达到钼酸铵生产废液零排放和资源循环利用的预期目的。华县矿业焙烧厂实际运行两年，取得经济效益和环保效益双丰收。     

用离子交换树脂从硫脲硫酸溶液中回收金银的研究

本文从树脂选型、吸附和解吸等方面,介绍了用离子交换法从含金量较低的硫脲硫酸溶液中,回收金、银的试验研究结果。结果表明,用D61和732牌号的强酸性阳离子交换树脂,能有效地从料液中吸附金、银;用氰化钠碱性溶液作解吸剂,金的解吸率>99％,银的解吸率>70％。     

矿山含铜氰废水资源化利用工艺研究

采用"活性炭吸附—解吸联合工艺"处理某矿山的含铜氰废水。吸附阶段考察了吸附液pH和吸附方式对含铜氰废水中铜吸附率的影响,解吸阶段考察了解吸方式、时间、解吸液的硫酸和双氧水浓度对含铜炭中铜解吸率的影响。结果表明,先将含铜氰废水pH调至8左右,然后在5级串联吸附条件下吸附1.5h,铜的吸附率均稳定在90%以上,吨炭铜含量为31.4kg;所得含铜炭采用淋滤解吸,并在解吸液的双氧水和硫酸浓度分别为2g/L和3%条件下解吸7h,铜解吸率为87.60%,整个工艺铜的直收率达78%以上。     

酸洗后201×7树脂上金属铜的解吸研究

针对硫酸溶液可以有效洗脱树脂上的氰化物和锌,但不能洗脱铜的工艺问题,选择氨水溶液对酸洗后201×7树脂上的铜进行解吸;试验研究了解吸过程的时间、温度以及超声波作用等条件对解吸率的影响,并进行了X射线荧光分析。试验结果表明,在25℃时,8%的氨水溶液可以有效解吸酸洗后201×7树脂上负载的铜,解吸率可以达到85%,解吸速率常数k=4.93×10-4/s,解吸过程的表观活化能为12.058kJ/mol。     

P510树脂从含金氯化溶液中吸附金和解吸金的性能研究

用静态法研究了PS10树脂从酸性含金氯化溶液中吸附金及其解吸金的性能。考察了吸附时间、酸度、初始金浓度、温度等因素对树脂吸附金的影响,同时考察了解吸时间、解吸剂硫脲浓度对金解吸率的影响。在适宜条件下,PS10树脂对金的吸附率和解吸率均达到99％以上。     

石煤浸出液离子交换法提钒的研究

选择了几种离子交换树脂,对石煤酸浸含钒液在不同条件下进行离子交换实验.结果表明:采用离子交换法能够很好地除去浸出液中大部分杂质,并能使钒得到富集;不同树脂对钒的吸附均受吸附时间、溶液pH值等实验条件的影响,不同解吸剂与解吸时间也会影响树脂解吸的效果;1#树脂吸附率在4h左右可达到99%的最大吸附能力,选择合适的解吸剂可在4h内使钒的解吸率达到95%以上;解吸液经过净化,沉钒,煅烧后得到的五氧化二钒纯度在99%以上.     

201×7树脂负载Fe（CN）6^3-的解吸

文中对201×7强碱性离子交换树脂负载的铁氰化物进行了解吸研究,以解决酸洗脱树脂过程中出现的问题。采用水合肼和氯化钠混合溶液可有效解吸树脂上负载的铁氰化物;在室温条件下,解吸溶液为2％水合肼＋100g／L氯化钠时,三价铁解吸率可以达到98％以上。在试验条件下,测得解吸速率常数矗：8．88×10^-4／s,60min基本达到解吸平衡。随着温度的升高,解吸速率逐渐增大,表明解吸过程是一个吸热过程,升温有利于解吸进行,但解吸过程的表观活化能为0．625kJ／mol,表明反应速率对温度不是很敏感,解吸过程可以在室温下进行。     

离子交换树脂处理含氰废水进展

综述了离子交换树脂处理含氰废水的优点、基本原理、工艺流程及国内外的技术现状。总结了该方法所存在的问题，提出了离子交换树脂处理回收含氰废水的发展方向，并推荐开发具有耐磨性高容量吸附分离功能的粒状树脂，开发能控制吸附、解吸和再生过程的智能化成套设备。     

离子交换法处理贫铜浸出液的研究

研究了不同的离子交换树脂、不同的树脂型式对贫铜浸出液中铜的吸附能力。同时考察了吸附速度和解吸速度以及解吸剂浓度等因素对回收铜的影响。结果表明 ,Na型116×24树脂 ,能经济有效地回收贫铜浸出液中的铜。     

Development of Gold and Silver Extraction Technology from Ores and Intermediate Products Containing Mercury

For a long time the ores of placer deposits were processed using amalgamation method, and this resulted in contamination of mine sites and products of treatment with mercury. Adverse effects of mercury manifested themselves at different stages of the precious metals extraction process using cyanide technology.

With the aim of improving the process the physico-chemical behaviour of mercury during cyanidation, sorption and desorption using activated carbons and ion exchange resins, electrowinning and cementation was studied. The studies came up with a set of conditions of the cyanidation process which prevented mercury from passing into a solution or brought its solubilization up to 80%.

Studies on the selective removal of mercury from cyanide solutions using different chemical methods were carried out. A settling reagent for cyanide solutions causing almost complete precipitation of mercury was found.

Tests on gold and silver extraction from mercury-free cyanide solutions by sorption, electrowinning and cementation onto carbon were conducted. No problems were encountered during these tests. A process flowsheet including two stages of cyanidation in a cone-type device, removal of mercury from solutions, precipitation of gold and silver by electrowinning was devised. The flowsheet provides complete recycling of barren solutions and purification of cyanidation cakes. The suggested flowsheet was tested in plant conditions and is recommended for use.     

离子交换树脂和交换纤维处理含氰废水

采用离子交换树脂、离子交换纤维处理含氰废水。研究了两种不同材料对含氰废水中游离CN-、铜氰配合物、锌氰配合物的吸附性能。结果表明,和离子交换树脂相比,强碱性离子交换纤维对含氰废水中的主要成分铜氰配合物、锌氰配合物具有快的吸附速度和大的吸附容量,是一种有发展潜力的含氰废水处理材料。     

某金矿氰化贫液净化试验工艺参数研究

某金矿氰化提金过程产生的氰化贫液中总氰化合物质量浓度3 303.5 mg/L,硫氰酸盐质量浓度3 855.0 mg/L,铜质量浓度1 527.2 mg/L,试验确定了采用酸化吹脱-碱液吸收法去除影响选矿指标的铜离子并回收氰化物的可行性,优化了酸化吹脱法的工艺条件。在最佳试验条件下,氰化贫液中总氰化合物去除率达99.06%,铜去除率98.65%,氰化物回收率78.00%,处理后的溶液进行氰化浸出试验,效果较好,即返回液对氰化浸出过程无影响。     

201*7树脂上锌氰化物的硫酸解析试验研究

对201*7强碱性阴离子树脂吸附的Zn(CN)42-和氰根离子进行解析试验,考察解析过程中硫酸浓度、硫酸用量、温度及时间对解析率的影响。结果表明:在30℃时,用30g/L硫酸,硫酸树脂体积比为5,30min就可有效解析树脂上吸附的Zn(CN)24-和氰根离子。氰解析率达到85%,锌解析率达到97%。     

A Review on Recovery of Copper and Cyanide From Waste Cyanide Solutions

The mainstream technology for leaching gold from gold ore is still leaching in aqueous alkaline cyanide solution. However, when copper minerals are present in the gold ore, high levels of free cyanide must be maintained during leaching because many common copper minerals react with cyanide, forming copper cyanide complexes that deplete the solution of free cyanide. This results in a significant economical penalty through excessive cyanide consumption and loss of valuable copper in tails. Environmental constraints controlling the discharge of cyanide from mining industry are being tightened by local governments worldwide. The solution chemistry of copper in cyanide solution and various technologies for the recovery of copper and cyanide from barren gold cyanide solutions were reviewed in the paper. Direct recovery methods are mainly based on the acidification–volatilization–reneutralization (AVR) process or its modifications. These processes are not very efficient for treating low cyanide solutions and high metal cyanide solutions due to their substantial operational cost. Indirect recovery technologies by activated carbon, ion-exchange resins (IX) and solvent extraction (SX) have been extensively studied. The basic principle of these technologies is to pre-concentrate copper (and part of cyanide) into a small volume of eluant or stripping solution. The copper and cyanide in the resulted solutions can be further recovered by AVR or similar processes or by the electrowinning process. Activated carbon is only suitable for use as a polishing process to remove cyanide to lower levels from those cyanide solutions where the cyanide content is already low. Compared to activated carbon, ion exchange resins are less easily poisoned by organic matter and can usually be eluted at room temperature, and selectivity for particular metals can be achieved by the choice of the functional group incorporated into the bead or by the selective elution process. Solvent extraction process developed base on guanidine and modified quaternary amines exhibit relative fast extraction kinetics and can be operated in a continuous manner. It will be necessary to thicken and wash the solids in order to produce a clarified feed solution while treating the slurry from operations using carbon-in-pulp (CIP) for the recovery of gold. Other copper and cyanide recovery technologies such as biosorption or direct electrowinning were also proposed, but they have still not found their way to practical application.     

氰化提金液中银离子选择电极的中毒及防止

游离氰浓度是氰化提金液的主要控制指标之一．用银离子选择电极监测金矿氰化液的游离氰其主要困难在于电极中毒．通过电子探针分析确定了中毒离子；对中毒原因进行热力学分析，证明了中毒的主要原因是Pb，Hg等重金属离子在膜表面的离子交换反应，并试验用掩蔽、离子交换、复活液、自动分析等手段减轻、消除中毒对电极的影响，使电极的寿命大大延长，据此研制了游离氰测定仪．     

Copper removal from a cyanidation liquor by electrowinning using batch and continuous flow cells.

ABSTRACT

The cyanidation process is used for the recovery of gold and silver from their ores. However, during cyanidation, some of the copper minerals present are also dissolved, resulting in the presence of copper impurities in the form of cuprocyanide complexes. A high copper content in solution decreases the recovery of precious metals, mainly due to zinc passivation during gold/silver cementation. The objective of this work is to study the effect on copper electrowinning of the cyanide/copper molar ratio, the potential applied to the electrolytic cell, the temperature and circulation rate of the solution, and the use of synthetic solutions with physicochemical characteristics similar to those of an industrial solution. The experiments were carried out in electrolytic reactors using different regimes (i.e. batch and continuous). The results obtained indicate that an applied potential of 4?V at temperatures above of 25°C, significantly increases the amount of copper removed, while high cyanide concentrations resulted in low levels of copper removal. Furthermore, the intensification of the agitation of the solution increases the amount of copper removed due to enhanced mass transfer conditions. Copper removal in the continuous reactor was of approximately 50%. Metallic copper was deposited on the cathode and copper oxide and copper hydroxide on the anode.     

用离子交换法从拜耳工艺溶液中提取镓的工业实践

介绍了采用密实移动床吸附塔、以离子交换法从拜耳工艺溶液中提取镓的扩大试验结果。树脂吸附镓饱和以后，用特制的碱性络合淋洗剂淋洗。淋洗合格液经蒸发浓缩、冷冻结晶、氧化等工序处理后再进行电解，可获得产品镓，贫树脂经转型后可返回吸附工序再使用。本工艺流程简单，操作方便，试剂用量少，产品成本低，对环境无污染，镓吸附率可达60％－65％，淋洗率大于90％，电解回收率大于90％。     

用锌粉从高铜铅含氰贵液中置换金银

遂昌金矿采用氰化法处理高铜铅锌金精矿，由于浸出液中重金属含量偏高，在用锌粉置换金和银时置换率偏低，最低时金置换率只有12．66％。采用预先沉铅提高氰化物和碱浓度-锌粉置换-酸化除铜-酸化废液调浆返回浸出的工艺，很好地解决了浸出贵液中的重金属含量偏高而影响金置换率低的难题。