Thermal and radiative characteristics of oxyfluoride glass singly doped with lanthanide ions

Rare earths-doped oxyfluoride glasses based on germanium oxide and lead fluoride were prepared from commercial raw materials. The glasses with general composition of 50GeO2-(50-x-y)PbO-yPbF2-xLnF3 (Ln=Pr3+-Yb3+), contained different concentrations of optically active dopants (x=0.2 mol.% and 2 mol.%) and PbF2 (y≤15 mol.%). The differential thermal analysis (DTA) was used to determine both thermal characteristic and thermal stability properties of the glasses in the function of the kind of dopant, its concentration, and a glass composition. Characteristic glass temperatures such as glass transition temperature (Tg), glass crystallization temperature (Tc) and temperature corresponding to the maximum of the crystallization rate (Tpc) were evaluated. On the basis of obtained results, the thermal stabilities of glasses under study were evaluated using various thermal stability criteria (Dietzel factor ?T, Saad-Poulain factors H' and S). It was found that the increase in rare earth fluoride contents influenced thermal characteristics when the characteristic temperatures of the individual glass was shifted towards higher values. The effect of the PbF2 content and the kind of rare earth impurity on the glass stability was observed. Absorption spectra of lanthanide-doped glasses were measured at room temperature and used to determine the phenomenological intensity parameters Ωt and next, to estimate radiative properties of lanthanide ions in this matrix. Radiative transition probabilities of luminescent states of Ln3+, branching ratios and radiative lifetimes were determined. The variation of the Ωt along the lanthanide series was presented and discussed.     

Process optimization of electroless copper plating and its influence on electrochemical properties of AB5-type hydrogen storage alloy

The amount of Cu coating by chemical plating was investigated based on quadratic regression orthogonal experimental design being adapted to the variation law of temperature,pH value and Ni2+concentration,and the relevant regression equation was expressed as y=2.1609+0.5295×10-3T2-0.0342P2-0.0265N2+0.0023TP+0.0020TH+0.0199PN-0.0959T+0.3814P-0.2073N.The results showed that the deposition rate augmented with the increasing in temperature,pH value and Ni2+concentration.The experimental parameters of the optimal coating were temperature 75 ℃,pH value 8.5 and Ni2+concentration 1.2 g/L.The electrochemical tests indicated that the cycle stability increased from 60.66% to 75.58%,indicating that the treated alloy exhibited better corrosion resistance.     

天铁热力风机升级改造方案设计

通过对天铁集团高炉现状、风机现状的分析,提出了对热力厂风机升级改造的规划,确定了实施方案.该方案实施后将彻底改变风机渐进式改造的现象,使新高炉的备用机组发挥更大的作用,可增加现有高炉的风压、风量,使现有高炉的产量、冶炼强度进一步提高.     

Recent progress report on DNA B-Z transition modulated by rare earth-amino acid complex and Alzheimer's disease amyloid beta

Rare earth dements have unique physical, magnetic, luminescent and catalytic properties. They have been successfully used as medicine and probes in luminescent resonance energy transfer (LRET) for bioassays, as well as reagents for diagnosis in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this progress report, we will focus on recent progress on how rare earth amino complexes bind to DNA and change DNA structure, especially on DNA B-Z transition induced by rare earth amino acid complex and its potential impact on Alzheimer's disease (AD).     

Numerical Simulation on Inclusion and Bubble Entrapment in Solidified Shell in Model Experiment and in Mold of Continuous Caster With DC Magnetic Field

A model experiment investigating entrapment of inclusions and bubbles on the solidified shell was performed using molten steel,and the conditions for inclusion and bubble entrapment and mechanism of entrapment were studied.The results were applied to the flow behavior in the casting mold of a continuous caster.At the solid-liquid interface,entrapment of inclusions is greatly reduced by the existence of a low velocity flow,e.g.,0.05m/s.The above-mentioned interfacial flow velocity dependency of inclusion entrapment is considered to be largely influenced by changes in the thickness of the concentration boundary layer,which depend on the interfacial flow velocity.Specifically,bubbles and inclusions which enter the concentration boundary layer are drawn to the solid-liquid interface by a suction force which is several orders larger than the Saffman’s force.In addition to the above-mentioned suction force,the so-called cleaning effect is determined by fluid-dynamic forces such as drag force,etc.which act on particles,and furthermore,by resident time of particles at the solid-liquid interface,which depends on the solidification rate.In a FC mold with a 2-stage electromagnetic brake,flotation of bubbles entrained in the jet flow from the nozzle is accelerated with the large DC magnetic field.This is attributed to the braking effect of the DC field on the nozzle jet and the upward flow by the buoyancy of the bubbles.As a result,the interfacial flow velocity can be normalized by increasing the strength of the magnetic field,and entrapment of large bubbles and inclusions can be reduced.     

Hydrogen and syngas production from two-step steam reforming of methane over CeO2-Fe2O3 oxygen carrier

Two-step steam reforming of methane(SRM)is a novel chemical looping process towards the production of pure hydrogen and syngas(synthesis gas),consisting ofa syngas production step and a water-splitting step.Renewable energy can be used to drive this process for hydrogen production,especially solar energy.CeO2-Fe2O3 complex oxide oxygen carrier was prepared by the impregnation method and characterized by means of X-ray diffractometer(XRD),Raman spectroscopy(Raman)and hydrogen programmed reduction(H2-TPR).CH4temperature programmed and isothermal reactions were adopted to test syngas production reactivity,and water splitting reaction was employed to investigate water-splitting activity.Moreover,two-step SRM performance was evaluated by a successive redox cycle.The results showed that CO-uncontaminated H2 and highly selective syngas(with H2/CO ratio close to 2)could be respectively obtained from two steps,and CeFeO3 formation was found in the first redox cycle and proved to be enhanced by the redox treatment.After 10 successive cycles,obvious CeFeO3 phase was detected,which may be responsible for favorable successive redox cycle performances.     

Effect of erbium on properties and microstructure of Al-Si eutectic alloy

Eutectic Al-12.6 wt.%Si alloys with various contents of the rare earth dement Er were prepared by the conventional casting technique.The effect of Er on the microstructure and properties of the eutectic Al-Si alloys was investigated using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy as well as the friction and wear tests.It was found that the addition of Er obviously improved the anti-wear properties,and reduced the friction coefficient of the alloys.The appropriate addition of Er would change the size and shape of the eutectic silicon,and thereby refine the microstructure of the Al-Si alloys.The refinement mechanism was also discussed.     

Influence of Controlled Rolling and Cooling Process on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon Cold Forging Steel

In the present paper,controlled rolling and cooling processing was conducted by using a laboratory hot rolling mill.The influence of different processing parameters on the mechanical properties of low carbon cold forging steel was investigated.The results show that the faster cooling after the deformation (especially in low temperature rolling conditions) leads to the refinement of the ferrite grain.The specimen exhibits very good mechanical properties owing to the finer ferrite grains.The pearlite morphologies can also affect the mechanical properties of low carbon cold forging steel.The mechanical properties increase with decreasing final cooling temperature within the range from 650℃ to 570 ℃ due to the finer interlamellar spacing of pearlite colony.The mechanical properties of the specimens with fast cooling after the conventional rolling are not only better than those of the specimens with slow cooling after low temperature rolling,but also almost similar to those of the specimens with fast cooling after low temperature rolling.It is suggested that fast cooling after high temperature rolling (the conventional rolling) process would be of important industrial value.     

Rare earth upconversion nanophosphors: synthesis, functionalization and application as biolabels and energy transfer donors

This review focused on rare earth upconversion nanophosphors (UCNPs), a particular class of emitters whose photoluminescence mechanism is of fundamental difference from that of conventional dyes and semiconductor quantum dots. We in the first section gave a brief summary on a variety of synthetic methodologies developed during the past decades. Instead of presenting an exhaustive reference list, we selected only a few representative examples, illustrating the merits and limits of each involved synthetic route. Then we surveyed the recent progress in the functienalization techniques for these nanomaterials, depicting the modification in microstruetures and improvement in prop-erties with respect to the parent nanopartides. And finally, we emphasized their application in the research fields of biolabeling and energy transfer, narrating their superior performance benefiting from the unique excitation and emission properties.     

The LIMMCAST Program at HZDR:Modelling of Fluid Flow and Transport Phenomena in the Continuous Casting Process

Model experiments with low melting point liquid metals are an important tool to investigate the flow structure and related transport processes in melt flows relevant for metallurgical applications.We present the new experimental facility LIMMCAST for modelling the continuous casting process of steel using the alloy SnBi at temperatures of200-400℃.The parameters of the facility and the dimensions of the test sections will be given,and the possibilities for flow investigations in tundish,submerged entry nozzle and mould will be discussed.In addition,the smaller set-up Mini-LIMMCAST will be presented,which works with the room-temperature liquid alloy GaInSn.The main value of cold metal laboratory experiments consists in the capabilities to obtain quantitative flow measurements with a reasonable spatial and temporal resolution.New ultrasonic and electromagnetic techniques for measuring the velocity in liquid metal flows came up during the last decade allowing for a satisfying characterisation of flow quantities in the considered temperature range up to 400℃.First results from LIMMCAST and Mini-LIMMCAST will be presented covering the following phenomena:fully contacfless electromagnetic tomography of the flow in the mould,flow monitoring by a multitude of ultrasonic sensors,and analysis of the flow in the mould under the influence of an electromagnetic brake:intensification of the flow turbulence contrary to the expected flow damping,injection of argon bubbles through the stopper rod:occurrence of pressure oscillations.     

中间包快速更换技术的应用

本文介绍连铸中间包更换操作的主要工艺参数及其试验结果。试验结果表明:中间包快速更换技术,操作简单、技术经济效益好,是实现全连铸车间的必要措施。1概况连铸生产就要充分发挥连铸机"连"的优势,使其多炉连浇.70年代中期,国外已把发展多炉连浇技术作为提高钢水收得率及提高连铸机生产率和节约能源等的重要措施。     

转炉数学模型应用的新进展

转炉静态控制是转炉计算机的基本控制方式,副枪动态控制是以静态控制为基础。转炉炼钢采用静态模型(终点控制模型、供氧模型、造渣模型、底吹模型)和动态模型(脱碳速度模型、钢水升温模型和冷却剂加入量模型)可减少炉口压力偏差,提高煤气回收量。     

福建鼎信1550mm退火酸洗线卷取机钳口改进

以福建鼎信1 550 mm连续退火酸洗线卷取机为研究对象,找出了其钳口处的漏油问题,从液压系统设计与机械结构设计两方面做了相应改进,从而使漏油问题得到解决,保证了带钢产品的表面质量。     

济钢120t转炉留渣操作工艺的实践

介绍了济钢集团第三炼钢厂120 t顶底复吹转炉的留渣操作工艺,对留渣操作的条件进行了研究,分析了应用转炉顶底复吹和溅渣护炉工艺解决留渣操作安全问题的机理;实施留渣操作对转炉冶炼时的初期化渣和脱磷十分有利,吨钢可以降低石灰消耗12 kg、降低钢铁料消耗5 kg,取得了显著的经济效益。     

SPHC钢冷轧基料金相组织均匀性的优化

以德龙钢铁1250生产线为例,为了满足冷轧客户对SPHC钢冷轧基料金相组织均匀性的要求,通过对加热温度、卷取温度、层流冷却等参数进行调整,使带钢上下表面的晶粒大小趋于一致,带钢的金相组织更均匀。     

云西矿床9 号糜棱岩带的控矿容矿构造初探

河台金矿云西矿床作为多源热液糜棱岩型金矿床, 在糜棱岩形成过程的中后期由韧性剪切变为张性剪切而产生的一系列控矿和容矿构造对矿体的形成有重要的作用。这些构造对矿体的产出空间、位置和产出形态起着控制作用, 研究其规律为今后探矿将具有指导意义。     

汽车右下悬臂件的断裂分析

对进口飞鹰牌轿车右下悬臂件的断裂问题进行了宏观分析,确定了其断裂原因。     

钢厂变电站监控系统的优化

针对钢厂供电系统和电网规模不断扩大、原有老旧变电站监控系统落后的特点,利用PLC和Profibus协议对变电站监控系统改造和优化,实际运行效果明显。     

MSA在钢的化学成分分析中的应用

介绍了测量系统和测量系统分析(MSA)的概念及意义,重点阐述了开展测量系统的重复性和再现性分析的步骤和方法,以钢中磷元素成分分析的测量系统的重复性和再现性分析为例,介绍了运用Minitab软件对钢中化学成分分析系统进行测量系统分析的新方法及应用。     

连铸机扇形段连铸辊对弧精度过程能力控制分析

介绍了舞钢公司新建的连铸生产线、关键设备、生产工艺及控制对弧要点,详细阐述了连铸机扇形段辊子对弧精度关键过程控制,分析了影响扇形段辊子对弧精度的因素,提出应采取的具体措施,通过关键过程控制可提高连铸辊对弧精度,达到了提高铸坯质量的目的。