ERP在广钢应用的风险与对策分析

系统地论述了广钢集团实施ERP项目所存在的内部风险.指出广钢集团实施ERP项目的内部风险比较复杂,包括软件风险、人员风险、实施风险、管理风险和运行风险等,同时通过分析,相应地提出了一系列的对策.     

基于BP神经网络的供应链突发风险评价模型

为评价供应链突发风险的影响,从供应链的组成和运作要素角度定义了5种类型的供应链突发风险,并建立了一套基于风险类型的供应链突发风险评价指标体系.在此基础上,以风险评价指标为输入,风险类型和风险等级为输出,建立了基于BP神经网络的供应链突发风险评价模型.该模型使用BP网络作为经验知识的学习机制来学习突发风险评价指标与突发风险类型及等级之间的映射关系,然后通过BP网络的知识记忆和泛化推理能力实现对供应链突发风险的自动识别和评价.提出的模型在一个供应链风险样本集上进行了验证,验证结果表明了模型的有效性.     

危险化学品储存企业的风险分析及应对措施

阐述了危险化学品储存企业存在和面临的风险种类,分析产生风险的原因,通过对风险因素的分析和评估,提出了缩减风险的应对措施,从而降低事故概率和频率,减少了危险化学品储存企业的风险.     

房地产开发项目风险管理研究

随着房地产业在我国的发展壮大,部分地区投资过热及房地产价格过快增长等问题也相继出现,房地产开发项目风险日益增大.文章主要阐述了房地产开发面临诸如政策风险、通胀风险、市场供求、利率水平、变现能力及房地产开发项目周期风险等系统风险及决策风险、财务风险、营销风险等非系统风险,最后提出了房地产开发项目风险管理的步骤:风险识别、评估、应对及对风险的监控,旨在完善房地产开发企业风险管理.     

企业财务风险及其防范

财务风险客观存在于企业财务管理工作的各个环节.它的存在,无疑会对企业生产经营产生重大影响.因此,对企业财务风险进行研究,对降低风险、提高效益,具有十分重要的意义.本文介绍了财务风险的界定,分析了财务风险的具体表现,进而对财务风险的防范作了进一步阐述.     

冶金制造业风险分析及应对措施

基于ISO9001:2015版质量管理体系要求和OHSAS18001:2007职业健康安全管理体系要求,结合冶金制造行业,浅议了冶金制造业投资风险、环境风险、顾客风险、供方风险,生产过程中的职业健康风险,探讨了应对措施。为冶金制造业规避风险提供了指导。     

浅谈企业财务风险规避和防范

本文首先简单介绍财务风险的概念及特点,分析了企业财务风险的成因,针对我国企业存在的风险因素提出了规避方法,并从风险观念、财务监控及资金控制等几方面对企业财务风险的防范提出了建议.     

大型钢铁企业实施全面风险管理探讨

一、企业风险及全面风险管理的内涵 1．企业风险的内涵 市场经济中充满了不确定性。因此，市场经济中风险无处不在，甚至可以说，市场经济的本质特征就是风险经济。而且，市场经济中的大多数风险都是机会风险，机会风险具有双重性，风险失控就可能给人们造成损失，同时，风险又意味着机会，风险越大，机会就越大，控制好风险又能给人们带来巨大的收益。     

赊销风险分析及应对措施探索

介绍了赊销的概念,总结了赊销的特征及赊销的主要形式,分析了在市场经济环境下赊销可能面临的各种风险。针对赊销存在的风险,提出了应对赊销风险的相关措施和降低赊销风险的几条建议,以规避或消除赊销过程中所产生的风险。     

小企业信贷风险特征及防范策略

从政策风险、市场风险、企业控制人信用风险、管理风险、经营风险等几个方面分析了小企业的风险特征,并从关注小企业客户面临的政策风险,分析企业基本面,投资经营状况判断等几个方面分析了小企业客户信贷风险特征,提出在具体授信方案中的风险防范措施.     

Population and Initial Validation of a Formal Model for Construction Safety Risk Management

The transient, unique, and complex nature of construction projects makes safety management exceptionally difficult. Most construction safety efforts are applied in an informal fashion under the premise that simply allocating more resources to safety management will improve site safety. Currently, there is no mechanism by which construction-site safety professionals may formally evaluate safety risk and select safety program elements for implementation. This paper introduces and validates a risk-based safety and health analytical model that can be used to evaluate expected risk given specific worker activities, strategically select highly effective safety program elements for implementation when resources are limited, and quantify resulting risk once the identified safety elements have been implemented. Specifically, the paper has three primary objectives: (1) introduce a risk-based construction safety and health analytical model; (2) validate relevant data used to populate the model; and (3) illustrate the applications of the model in practice. The findings of this research indicate that the values used to populate the model are reliable and that the model has the potential to significantly improve construction safety management.     

Biostatistical considerations in pharmacovigilance and pharmacoepidemiology: linking quantitative risk assessment in pre-market licensure application safety data, post-market alert reports and formal epidemiological studies

This paper deals with a conceptual discussion of a variety of statistical concepts, methods and strategies that are relevant to the quantitative assessment of risk derived from safety data collected during the pre- and post-marketing phase of a new drug's life cycle. A call is made for the use of more standard approaches to the analysis of safety data that are statistically and epidemiologically rigorous and for attempts to link the strategies for pre-market safety assessment with strategies for post-market safety evaluation. This link may be facilitated by recognizing the limitations and complementary roles played by pre- and post-market safety data collection schemes and by linking the quantitative analyses utilized for either exploratory or confirmatory purposes of risk assessment in each phase of safety data collection. Examples are provided of studies specifically designed to evaluate risk in a post approval setting and several available guidelines intended to improve the quality of these studies are discussed.     

基于AHP及模糊综合评判的地下金属矿山安全分析与评价

为对地下金属矿山安全进行综合评价,分析了影响矿井安全的各类危险因素及其相互关系,建立了一个包括7个评价单元和32项危险指标的递阶层次结构模型。应用层次分析法,将各层次元素进行两两对比构造判断矩阵,经计算得到各因素在矿山安全中所占的权重。将矿山安全状况划分为5个等级,采取专家打分法确定定性指标的隶属度矩阵,应用模糊综合评价确定矿山安全状况等级。将该方法应用于山东某地下金矿安全评价,结果表明：该矿山较为安全,其中安全管理状况不佳、职工不安全行为和安全教育培训影响权重分别为40.4%、25.3%和12.5%,是影响矿山安全的主要因素,应当更加重视;该矿山的水文地质、粉尘和噪音状况评价结果为“一般安全”,应当采取有效措施并作为改进的重点。实践证明,该评价系统所得结论符合矿山安全实际,并能指出影响矿山安全的主要因素,对地下金属矿山的安全状况评定和制定最佳的管理方案具有重要指导意义。     

铜箔皱折原因分析与生箔机技术改造*

阐述铜冶炼行业当前面临的安全生产形势,分析安全生产标准化管理的现状,坚持应用系统管理方法解决安全生产问题的工作思路,基于安全风险管控的思想,提出安全生产标准化升级管理的主要措施和改进方向,促进工厂安全生产管理的全面升级,达到提升安全风险管控能力和水平的目标。     

关于升级安全生产标准化管理的思考与探讨

阐述铜冶炼行业当前面临的安全生产形势,分析安全生产标准化管理的现状,坚持应用系统管理方法解决安全生产问题的工作思路,基于安全风险管控的思想,提出安全生产标准化升级管理的主要措施和改进方向,促进工厂安全生产管理的全面升级,达到提升安全风险管控能力和水平的目标。     

矿用通风机监控系统的网络安全风险分析

为有效应对矿用通风机监控系统面临的网络安全风险问题提供稳定运行保障,针对网络结构安全风险、矿用通风机监控系统本体安全风险、网络监测应急安全风险及网络安全管理风险四方面进行详细的问题,为矿山企业井下作业的安全提供保障。     

Long-term follow-up of cytostatic intravesical instillation in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma. Is short-term, intensive instillation better than maintenance therapy?

Change of road user attitudes is often advocated as a necessary condition for improvement of road safety. The relation between road user attitudes and accident risk is, however, not well known in road safety research. The objective of this study was to find out whether attitudes are of importance to road safety, i.e. the hypothesis is that drivers having attitudes considered correct according to the traffic code, have lower accident risk than other drivers. The attitudes of a representative sample of Norwegian driver's license holders as well as their accident involvement and driving distance were surveyed by mail questionnaires in two phases. When no other factor is taken into account, accident risk is found to be affected by driver attitudes. When, on the other hand, the age of drivers is taken into account, the relation between attitudes and accident risk disappears. It is concluded that age and annual mileage are more important to accident risk than are attitudes, and more knowledge of the relationship between attitudes and road accident risk is needed.     

Predictive Tool for Estimating Accident Risk

This paper presents a predictive tool that uses safety factors to estimate accident risk for processes commonly employed on construction sites. The tool is demonstrated in the context of the utility-trenching process. Based on expert surveys, preplanning, supervision, and training are identified as critical safety factors needed to predict accident risk when evaluating safety performance related to trenching operations. Preplanning has a greater impact on excavation tasks than supervision and training, while conversely, supervision and training are more important during the pipe installation phase of trenching operations.     

Measurement and Risk Scales of Crane-Related Safety Factors on Construction Sites

This paper addresses quantitative measurement and risk scales of safety hazards on construction sites due to the work of tower cranes. Hazard measurement and risk scales are essential components of an integrated model aimed at quantitatively determining the safety level of individual construction sites, on a comparative basis. The paper focuses on two factors identified in earlier studies as considerably affecting safety on sites with tower cranes, “overlapping cranes” and “operator proficiency.” These two factors are inherently different from each other in their characteristics and therefore also in the methods used to measure both the factors and the risk resulting from them. A probability-based method was prescribed for the measurement of overlapping cranes, while the analytical hierarchy process method and knowledge elicitation from experts were applied to develop metrics for operator proficiency. In both cases, an intimate understanding of the crane work environment is necessary. The uniform format and specific methodologies presented here can be used in the development of measurement techniques and risk scales for other safety factors concerning crane operation on construction sites.     

Safety Risk Identification and Assessment for Beijing Olympic Venues Construction

New technologies, new materials, and innovative designs have been extensively adopted in Beijing Olympic venues construction. The extreme requirements for time deadline and competition function expose the venues construction to high risks. These risks would potentially bring negative impacts on the site safety performance. Meanwhile, there is a lack of systematic management for safety risks in China’s construction industry, especially for large projects such as the Beijing Olympic venues construction. This paper identifies and assesses safety risk factors inherent in Beijing Olympic venues construction with the involvement of 27 experienced and highly respected experts from government agencies, the construction industry, and academe through brainstorming, workshop discussions, and questionnaire surveys. The finding reveals that more than half of the critical safety risk factors are from contractors and subcontractors such as: lack of emergency response plan and measures; workers’ unsafe operation, and contractors ignoring safety under schedule pressure. Based on these critical safety risks, a risk register is composed and a model is developed in application of the analytic hierarchy process to assess the status of risks on site safety. The model has been attempted in two Olympic venue projects under construction and the validity has been approved. The risk checklist, register, and assessment model developed in the paper were integrated into the risk management system that has been used for Beijing Olympic venues construction.