铁矾渣酸浸液磷酸除铁过程研究

针对"锌渣焙烧—酸浸提铟和锌—氯盐浸银和铅"处理湿法炼锌铁矾渣焙烧温度范围窄、难以工业应用的难题,提出"铁矾渣焙烧—酸浸—酸浸液磷酸除铁并副产磷酸铁—除铁后液提铟和锌"新工艺,重点研究铁矾渣酸浸液磷酸除铁过程,包括磷酸除铁工艺条件、动力学变化规律、副产磷酸铁物相。研究结果表明,较优的铁矾渣酸浸液磷酸除铁工艺条件为:P/Fe=0.9、温度85℃、时间8h、诱导剂加入量0.7g,除铁率为58.08%、铟损失率26%,铁矾渣中铁浸出率由23%降为9.66%(≤10%),除铁后铟浸出率为70.3%(≥70%),酸浸液中Zn~(2+)在磷酸除铁过程中损失很小,不受影响,三种元素浸出率均符合指标要求。磷酸除铁反应过程和铟损失过程均基本符合零级反应,反应活化能分别为51.25和46.12kJ/mol。磷酸除铁过程副产高纯度结晶型FePO_4·2H_2O。铁矾渣焙烧温度调节宽度达到70℃。     

黄钾铁矾法处理含铟高铁锌精矿

黄钾铁矾法处理高铁高铟锌精矿时,锌的总回收率较高;锌冶炼过程中原料中大部分的铟进入矾渣,少部分进入高浸渣,矾渣和高浸渣经高温焙烧、浸出、萃取、电解和铸锭后即可得到电铟。较好的浸出条件为:中浸始酸40 g/L、低浸始酸30 g/L、高浸终酸60 g/L。已有的生产实践表明采用该工艺铟总回收率可达72%左右,锌的总回收率可达92%。     

两种加压浸出工艺处理锌浸出渣试验

开展了两种加压浸出工艺处理锌浸出渣的试验研究。“加压还原浸出+氧压浸出”取代原针铁矿工艺的“三段逆流热酸浸出+还原”,锌焙烧矿到铅渣的渣率为15.74%,锌、铁、铜、铟、镁的浸出率分别为99.32%、93.50%、95.02%、91.03%、99.97%,各项指标均优于原工艺,锌、铟的浸出率分别提高了1.82、11.03个百分点,反应时间由14 h缩短为4 h,液固分离次数由4次减少为2次。“两段逆流加压浸出”取代原黄钾铁矾工艺的“硅浸+预中和+黄钾铁矾沉铁”,锌焙烧矿到二段渣的渣率为35.88%,锌、铁、铜、铟、镁的浸出率分别为98.50%、4.94%、90.48%、2.69%、93.77%,各项指标均优于原工艺,浸出后液（相当于水解除铁后液）可以直接返回中性浸出工序,反应时间由16 h缩短为4 h,液固分离次数由3次减少为2次。加压浸出采用密闭的加压釜,更容易实现整个炼锌系统蒸汽平衡,无需额外增加蒸汽锅炉。     

湿法炼锌浸出渣减量化浸出工艺研究

以常规湿法炼锌工艺锌浸渣为研究对象,对比研究常压酸浸和加压酸浸条件下锌浸渣的酸性浸出减量化效果,以及渣中锌、铜和铟等有价金属的浸出率。结果表明,在常压酸浸条件下,渣量可减少65%以上,渣中锌含量可降至3%左右,锌、铜和铟的浸出率均在91%以上;在加压酸浸条件下,渣量可减少40%以上,渣中锌含量可将至2%以下,锌和铜的浸出率达到95%左右,但铟浸出率仅为70%左右,相对较低。常压酸浸过程锌浸渣中的铁绝大部分浸出,有利于铟的浸出;加压酸浸过程锌浸渣中的铁大量以铅铁矾的形式留在渣中,阻碍了铟的浸出。常压浸出液中铁含量较高,达到25 g/L以上;加压浸出液中铁含量较低,小于2 g/L,有利于后续浸出液中铜、铟的回收。常压浸出渣量少,有利于渣中铅、银的富集,可单独销售;加压浸出由于铁沉淀入渣,致使渣中铅、银富集比低,适合于铅锌联合企业返回铅熔炼炉。     

从高铟锌精矿中综合回收锌和铟

某锌精矿中铟含量很高,采用黄钾铁矾法处理该高铟锌精矿,在得到较高锌回收率的同时,大部分的铟进入矾渣,少部分进入高浸渣,从矾渣和高浸渣中可回收得到电铟。锌的浸出率高达98.45%;而95.08%的铟进入铁矾渣可有效回收。生产实践表明采用该工艺,铟的总回收率可达72%,锌的总回收率可达92%。可见,黄钾铁矾法工艺处理高铟锌精矿可以达到综合回收锌和铟的目的。     

高锑锌焙烧料的处理

以含锑高的锌焙烧料为原料,采用黄钾铁矾法炼锌工艺,降低锑在中性浸出中的浸出率,使中性浸出液 Sb< 5 mg/L。经二段锌粉净化,溶液中 Sb< 0.1 mg/L符合电积要求。酸浸进入溶液中的 Sb,在沉矾过程中进入矾渣。扩大试验验证,控制锑在中性浸出过程中的浸出率,黄钾铁矾法可以处理含锑高的锌焙烧料。     

超声波辅助浸出铁矾渣中铟、锌试验研究

研究了将超声波引入到铁矾渣浸出过程中强化铟、锌浸出,对比了直接硫酸浸出和超声波辅助硫酸浸出铟、锌效果,考察了超声波功率、浸出时间、反应温度、硫酸浓度、液固体积质量比和机械搅拌速度对铟、锌浸出率的影响,并对2种方法的浸出渣进行XRD和SEM分析。结果表明:在其他条件相同情况下,酸浸过程中引入超声波可以加快铁矾渣的溶解,提高铟、锌浸出率;反应温度、硫酸浓度、超声波功率对铟、锌浸出率影响较大,浸出时间对铟浸出率影响较小而对锌浸出率影响较大,液固体积质量比和机械搅拌速度对铟、锌浸出率影响不大。该方法为铁矾渣中铟、锌的高效提取提供了一个可供选择的新方法。     

用硫酸-二氧化硫体系从锌浸出渣中还原浸出有价金属

研究了用硫酸-二氧化硫体系从锌浸出渣中还原浸出锌、铁、铜、铟等有价金属,考察了初始硫酸质量浓度、反应温度、液固体积质量比、搅拌速度、SO_2分压对锌、铁、铜、铟浸出率的影响。结果表明:用SO_2对锌浸出渣还原浸出,可有效缓解溶液中高浓度三价铁离子对铁酸锌分解的抑制作用,大幅提高有价金属浸出率;浸出渣主要物相为PbSO_4和ZnS,铁酸锌完全分解。     

湿法炼锌铁矾渣处理改造实践

大部分锌湿法生产过程采用黄钾铁矾法炼锌,生产流程长,锌金属损失较大,锌损失主要是浸出工序产生的铅银渣与铁矾渣带走的损失,约占总损失的60%以上。所以降低渣含锌,是提高锌总回收率的主要途径。本文阐述了一种沉矾矿浆不经液固分离直接进入中性浸出工序,铁矾渣经I段、Ⅱ段酸浸,最终达到降低铁矾渣含锌,减少锌金属损失的目的。     

盐酸体系浸出含铟高浸渣工艺研究

对广西大厂的含铟高铁闪锌矿,采用黄钾铁矾法沉铁、转窑还原挥发、硫酸3段浸出回收铟.高浸渣中w(In)=0.3%～0.5%.提出了采用盐酸体系从含铟高浸渣中浸出铟、锌、锡、锑工艺,研究了温度、反应时间、盐酸用量、液固质量比对铟浸出率的影响.在浸出时间2 h、温度90 ℃、盐酸用量为理论量的2倍、液固质量比10:3的最佳条件下,经过2段浸出,In,Fe,Zn浸出率分别为96.36%,98.48%和97.79 %.     

Chinalco Signed Framework Agreement for Strategic Cooperation with Harbin Municipal Government

正Last month,Chinalco signed framework agreement for strategic cooperation with Harbin Municipal Government in Harbin Xiong Weiping,Chairman of Chinalco,said that based on the strategic deployment to build world top-class mining company with the highest growth potential,Chinalco was now concentrating all efforts on making strategic transition and structural adjustment,strategic cooperation with the local governments where     

Jiangxi Promotes Jiangxi Copper Corporation To Become The World's Most Competitive Mining Company

<正>According to the latest info from Jiangxi Province State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission,Jiangxi Copper Corporation was approved to become the first pilot enterprise for deepening reform.Contents of the pilot work is"Three Self"(self expansion,self decision-making,self     

Journal of Rare Earths Contents List of Vol.32(2014)

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Contributions to Baosteel Technical Research wanted

正Baosteel Technical Research,a quarterly journal,which is issued domestically and abroad,is run and sponsored by Baosteel Group Corporation.Baosteel Technical Research mainly reports the achievements in technological innovation,academic research,new product development and industrial equipment improvement by Baosteel.It will continue to follow up on hot topics and serve the company’s technological development and progress.Its readers include experts in     

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology: No Short Term Solution For Our Country’s Excess Nonferrous Metal Smelting Capacity

【正】According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,the Ministry has released the 2013 Operation Report on China’s Industrial Communication Indu...     

Chinalco Signed Framework Agreement for Strategic Cooperation with Gansu Province

正Recently,Chinalco and Gansu Provincial People’s Government signed"Framework Agreement for Strategic Cooperation on Reform,Restructuring and Transition Development of Chinalco’s Electrolytic Aluminum Enterprises in Gansu",signifying that the strategic cooperation between Chinalco and Gansu Province had made new substantive progress.     

Unavoidable Economic Cycle:30% Of Nonferrous Metal Companies Were Involved In Restructuring

正Owing to continual downturn in real estate and bulk commodity markets,a number of traditional industries in China suffered unfavorable impact in performance.With the progressive disclosure of third quarter report,the no-pleasant-surprise performance of     

Baotou Rare Earth Became the World's Biggest High Performance Magnetic Material Base

正The High Performance Magnetic Material Phase II Project,an industry upgrading project implemented by Inner Mongolia Baotou IronSteel Rare Earth(Group)Hi-tech Co.,Ltd,recently basically finished equipment commissioning,signifying that the enterprise had developed the production capacity of15000 t/a Nd-Fe-B strip casting alloy and 5000t/a Nd-Fe-B magnet,thus becoming the world’s     

Introducing Two Central Enterprises to Integrate Rare Earth Industry,Shandong Rare Earth Group Breaks Surface

正With the signing of"Letter of intention for Propelling Integration of Shandong Rare Earth Enterprises"between Shandong Province Commission Of Economy and Informatization,China IronSteel Research Institute Group("China Steel Institute"),and China Rare MetalsRare Earth Co.,Ltd("China Rare Earth"),the"Shandong Rare Earth Group"jointly set up by the 3 units thus broke surface.On August 9,reporters of the China Economic Herald learned from Shandong Province     

Aluminium Production by Province or City in 2014

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