鞍钢鲅鱼圈大比例粉矿烧结生产实践

介绍了鞍钢股份有限公司鲅鱼圈钢铁分公司烧结生产工艺、原料特点及生产实践。对不同比例粉矿烧结技术指标进行分析,确定了大比例粉矿烧结强化措施。通过对烧结过程主要技术参数及烧结矿FeO指标的合理控制,以及对烧结矿实施喷洒卤化物,解决了大比例粉矿烧结强度差的问题,为高炉生产提供了优质烧结矿。     

鞍钢鲅鱼圈烧结低成本配矿生产实践

为了降低烧结矿成本,鞍钢股份有限公司鲅鱼圈钢铁分公司进行了低成本配矿生产实践,在混匀矿造堆过程中配加混杂料和低价进口粉矿,烧结配料使用廉价固体燃料,在保证烧结矿产量和质量的前提下,达到了降低烧结矿成本的目的.     

鲅鱼圈全粉矿烧结配加低品位高铝铁矿粉试验

 在鞍钢鲅鱼圈全粉矿烧结生产条件下,进行了配加不同比例低品位高铝铁矿粉的烧结试验研究,并对烧结矿冶金性能进行了检测分析,同时采用光学显微镜进行了矿相组成、矿相结构的分析研究。结果表明：随着低品位高铝铁矿配比的增加,烧结技术指标逐渐降低,但是从烧结矿冶金性能和矿物学方面分析来说,配加一定量该矿有助于提高其冶金性能,综合考虑,烧结配加低品位高铝铁矿是可行的,而其适宜比例为5%。     

450m^2烧结机优化配矿与生产实践

在实验室对几种常用进口矿粉烧结基础性能研究的基础上,与太钢自产超细尖山粉进行了优化配矿研究,得出了在太钢自产细精矿比例为38%时,与进口粉合理配矿的使用技术,通过实施选择合理成分、调整工艺技术参数等系列有效措施.使450 m2烧结机所产烧结矿质量满足4 350 m3高炉的生产要求,并为其快速达产提供了技术保障.随着矿粉市场价格的进一步上涨,为了降低烧结配矿成本,进而减少进口粉配比,提高自产超细精矿粉比例到50%以上,通过采取一系列有效措施,烧结配矿成本降低约5800万元/年,生产的烧结矿完全能够满足高炉生产需求并为4 350 m3高炉增铁节焦.指标优化奠定了基础,取得了较好的效果.     

低硅细赤铁精矿生产高碱度烧结矿的研究及生产实践

通过烧结杯烧结试验研究,获得了以反浮选赤铁细精矿为主要铁料生产高质量烧结矿的生产工艺参数及合理配矿方案.采用控制混合料中氧化亚铁含量进行配矿,保证生石灰用量,改善料层透气性和氧化性气氛等措施,可以获得以铁酸钙为主要粘结相的烧结矿.在高碱度烧结条件下,改善了自产精矿烧结温度高、烧结性差的烧结特性,也解决了自产精矿"泥"和"粘"带来的配料操作及混匀、造球等方面的技术问题.在采用低硅细赤铁精矿生产高碱度烧结矿实践中取得了良好效果.     

提高烧结矿转鼓强度的生产实践

鞍钢西区烧结投产以来,烧结矿的转鼓强度始终较低,不能满足大高炉的生产需要,通过对影响烧结矿转鼓强度的主要因素分析,采取优化配矿,加强生产操作等措施,使烧结矿的强度大幅度提高,转鼓强度达到83%。     

扬迪矿粉配矿研究及生产实践

为拓宽烧结用料，降低生产成本，临钢技术中心对扬迪矿的烧结性能进行研究，优化工艺参数并用于工业生产。实践表明，配用10％扬迪矿生产的烧结矿能满足高炉需求，降低原料成本。     

梅钢扬迪矿配矿研究与生产运用

为了优化配矿结构，拓宽烧结用料品种，降低生产成本，梅钢技术中心对扬迪矿的烧结性能进行了试验研究。分析评价了烧结各工艺参数的优化试验结果，及其对烧结指标的影响，经高炉生产实践证明配用8％扬迪矿的烧结矿性能基本满足梅钢高炉炼铁的要求。     

梅钢扬迪矿配矿研究与生产应用

为了优化配矿结构,拓宽烧结用料品种,降低生产成本,梅钢技术中心对扬迪矿的烧结性能进行了试验研究,并分析评价了烧结各工艺参数对烧结指标的影响.高炉生产实践表明,配用8%扬迪矿的烧结矿性能基本能满足梅钢高炉炼铁的要求.     

南非矿在炼铁生产中大比例应用的实践

石横特钢借助现有技术手段大比例应用南非矿。烧结配矿中,南非粉达到了25%和45%的配加比例,生产的烧结矿具有较好的低温还原粉化性能,能满足高炉生产要求;通过优化高炉工艺制度,南非块矿入炉比例由4.29%提高到20%。高炉综合入炉品位提高1.0%以上,综合焦比降低5.0kg/t,增产2%,达到了高炉顺行、高产和节焦的效果,为企业拓宽了铁矿石(粉)来源,取得了良好的经济效益。     

赤铁精粉烧结技术的研究

从物理、化学和表面特性上分析了赤铁精粉的烧结特点,提出了赤铁精粉烧结适宜的粘结相是多元铁酸钙,相适应的烧结条件是低温、高碱度和氧化性气氛,结合对铁矿石烧结过程的研究,给出与赤铁精粉的烧结相适宜的烧结技术：优化混合料粒度分布,强化造粒,改善料层透气性;优化燃料在烧结料层内分布,提高完全燃烧比例,充分利用有效热量;选择适宜的粘结相量;利用烧结添加剂获得合理矿相结构;采用厚料层操作,充分利用燃烧热量,降低烧结固体燃耗等。     

高碱度烧结矿成矿过程的试验研究

通过对试验室烧结料柱进行解剖，分别研究了以磁铁精矿和赤铁粉矿为原料的两种高碱度烧结矿的成矿过程，初步查明了各烧结带的主要反应和作用，研究表明，高温冷却带对烧结矿的成矿起着十分重要的作用。     

影响烧结工艺过程NOx排放质量浓度的主要因素解析

在烧结烟气脱硫治理取得成效之后，烟气脱硝迅即摆上钢铁企业的环保治理议程.在尚无经济有效的末端治理脱硝工艺的前提下，有必要在烧结生产中进行工序过程控制，从而保持烧结烟气NO_x排放质量浓度处于较低水平.本文通过统计解析的研究方法，系统分析了2013至2014年宝钢实际烧结过程中原燃料条件参数、工艺条件参数对烟气中NO_x排放质量浓度的影响规律.研究结果表明:适当降低赤铁矿的使用比例，提高烧结粉、返矿的配比，提高钙质熔剂中石灰石的使用比例，降低镁质熔剂使用比例，保持烧结矿较高的碱度水平，强化制粒提高料层透气性，坚持厚料层烧结等措施均有利于抑制烧结烟气NO_x的排放质量浓度水平.      

Structural and morphological changes during reduction of hematite to magnetite and wustite in hydrogen rich reduction gases under fluidised bed conditions

Abstract

During the reduction of iron ore fines structural changes in particles have a significant influence on the rate of reduction. Investigations regarding porosity, specific surface area and mean pore diameters in the reduction of hematite with hydrogen rich reducing gases were performed by mercury porosimetry. Morphological changes were examined by metallographic analyses of polished sections in reflected light. In the magnetite equilibrium phase, significant influence of temperature on structural parameters and sintering effects were found.

For wustite phases, the influence of temperature was less pronounced. For the reduction of hematite to magnetite and magnetite to wustite topochemical phase growth and microporous product layers were observed. In the single step, reduction of hematite to wustite progressive conversion and significant increase in the mean pore diameter were found. The results presented in this work are of high importance for understanding the reaction kinetics of iron ore fines and essential for modelling heterogeneous reactions.     

高配比磁铁精矿烧结技术的研究进展

 随着传统高品位铁矿石资源的日趋枯竭,烧结用铁矿石资源已经从赤铁矿类型逐渐转变为复杂综合的铁矿类型。但某些铁矿石的杂质和烧损较高,细粒级比例较多,严重影响了烧结性能和烧结矿质量,如烧结矿品位、强度和固体燃耗等。磁铁精矿具有含铁品位高、杂质低的特点,而且在氧化时能够释放出大量的热量。配加磁铁精矿不仅可以改善烧结矿质量,而且还具有减少烧结燃料消耗的潜力。然而,大多数磁铁精矿是经过处理后的铁矿粉,其粒度非常细,会对烧结料层透气性产生很大的负面影响,从而影响烧结过程,不利于烧结生产率的提高。在调查了磁铁精矿烧结特性的基础上,回顾和评论了高配比磁铁精矿烧结技术的最新进展,包括添加剂技术、原料预处理技术、预造块技术、复合烧结技术、气体燃料喷吹技术、双层预烧结技术等。通过分析烧结料层的透气性和控制烧结过程中的化学反应,论证这些新技术在高配比磁铁精矿烧结中的潜力,期望充分发挥磁铁精矿的优点,改善100%磁铁精矿或高配比磁铁精矿烧结混合料的烧结性能,为高生产效率条件下生产出优质低耗的烧结矿提供理论依据和技术方案。     

Comparison of sintering performance of typical specular hematite ores with distinct size distributions

The sintering performance of three typical specular hematite ores (coarse SO-A, intermediate SO-B and ultrafine SO-C) was compared in an industrial ore blend through pilot-scale sinter pot tests. The effect of particle size of specular hematite ores on their granulation and sintering performance was revealed. Compared with the coarse SO-A fine and ultrafine SO-C concentrate, the intermediate SO-B showed inferior granulation and sintering performance characterized with poorer bed permeability and productivity, lower sinter strength and higher fuel rates. A new material preparation method was hence proposed and verified at both pilot and industrial scales. The proposed method by mixing SO-B with a high amount of goethite-type iron ore fines was found to be an effective way in improving the granulation and assimilative characteristics of ore blend comprising 31% intermediate SO-B, leading to improved sinter productivity and lowered fuel rates. The metallurgical properties and microstructure of sinters were also investigated. The sinters obtained through the proposed preparation method were generally stronger and more reducible on account of better sinter structure with more relict hematite ultimately connected with needle-like silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum and lower porosity.     

Influence of Alumina on Iron Ore Sinter Properties and Productivity in the Conventional and Selective Granulation Sintering Process

Iron ore sinter constitutes a major proportion of blast furnace burden. Hence, its quality and consistency have a significant impact on blast furnace performance. Iron ore fines are the main source for sinter, and the chemical composition of the iron ore fines, together with the thermal conditions that blends are subjected to, plays an important role in forming the primary melt during the sintering process and accordingly determines the sinter structure and quality. Therefore, considerable importance has been placed on the chemical composition and consistency of iron ore fines, particularly in terms of alumina content. Due to depletion of high grade iron ore resources, alumina content in the iron ore fines is expected to increase gradually. Ore with higher alumina content is usually expected to be detrimental in forming the sinter matrix, if sintered alone, due to the low reactivity of alumina bearing minerals and the high viscosity of primary melts. The selective granulation process is a new sintering process for high alumina iron ore fines, and can eliminate the adverse effects of ‘hard to sinter’ or ‘unsuitable – for ironmaking’ ores. In the present work laboratory sintering experiments have been carried out with iron ore fines of different alumina level (2.00 to 5.46 mass‐%) to know the influence of alumina on mineralogy, productivity, physical and metallurgical properties of sinter prepared by the conventional and the selective granulation process. With increasing alumina content in sinter of both the conventional and selective granulation process, the fractions of hematite and of silico‐ferrites of calcium and alumina (SFCA) as well as the pore phase increased whereas the magnetite and silicate phases decreased. With increase in alumina content sinter productivity and tumbler index (T.I.) decreased, and metallurgical properties like sinter RDI and reducibility improved. However, sinter of the selective granulation process showed better results compared to the conventional process.     

马钢烧结优化配矿技术的研究

对马钢常用的10种铁矿粉的同化性、液相流动性、粘结相自身强度、SFCA生成特性、连晶固结强度等高温烧结特性进行了研究。在此基础上,根据铁矿粉高温特性互补原理,设计了五组烧结优化配矿方案并进行了烧结杯试验,均获得了良好的烧结效果,验证了基于铁矿粉高温特性的烧结优化配矿方法的可行性,为马钢充分利用铁矿粉资源、降低配矿成本,改善烧结矿质量提供了对策。     

流化状态下附碳赤铁矿粉物质形态的研究

对流化状态下赤锋铁矿粉附碳后的物相组合,显微结构,化学组成及矿粉被还原程度进行研究。通过矿相分析、电子显微镜分析、Ｘ射线衍射洋学分析,发现流化状态下的赤铁矿粉随附碳时间地的延,颗粒结构的变疏松多孔,还原程度加深,颗粒表面形成的钓饵笏很少,有利于防止粘结。     

中子水分仪及其在烧结混合料水分控制中的应用

鞍钢鲅鱼圈钢厂为加强对烧结混合料水分的在线检测和控制,采用了丹东东方测控技术有限公司生产的DF - 5744型皮带中子水分仪.本文介绍了该水分仪的基本原理、构成和技术特点,以及在鲅鱼圈烧结厂的应用情况和所取得的效果.