无人机测绘技术在区域地质地形图测量中的应用

为解决传统区域地质地形图测量中误差高的问题,基于无人机测绘技术,采集地形图测量数据,并将地形图测量数据处理为定位数据,通过建立区域地质地形图测量数据3D绘图协议,实现区域地质地形图测量。设计实例分析,结果表明,设计测量方法相邻点之间的测量距离中误差明显低于对照组,能够解决传统测量中误差高的问题。     

无人机倾斜摄影测量技术在测绘大比例尺地形图中的应用

为解决传统大比例尺地形图测绘中误差高的问题,将无人机倾斜摄影测量技术应用在测绘大比例尺地形图中,通过无人机倾斜摄影测量技术,采集地形图测绘数据,并对其执行处理操作,建立大比例尺地形图测绘数据3D绘图协议,结合AutoCAD 2010 平台,实现大比例尺地形图测绘。设计实例分析,结果表明,设计测绘方法在相同的控制点中相邻点之间的距离中误差明显低于对照组,能够解决传统大比例尺地形图测绘中误差高的问题。     

利用ArcGIS进行大比例尺地形图入库技术与方法探究

现今"数字城市、智慧城市"已经成为掀开社会的热潮,国家基础地理信息数据库的建设也越加广泛应用。基础地理信息数据是地理空间框架的重要组成部分,随着"数字城市"的应用推广,基础测绘地形图已不能完全表达地物详细的属性信息,不同行业和部门对基础地理信息数据的要求也相应地提高了,而地理信息数据库(GIS数据库)包含着强大属性信息量以及属性间的关联,能更加全面地展示地形数据。文章就常见的大比例尺基础地形图数据的转换以及入库的技术方法作一些探讨和研究。     

无人机遥感技术在矿区测绘中的应用

基于传统矿区测绘技术测绘精准度低的情况,提出基于无人机遥感技术的矿区测绘的方法设计。以无人机遥感技术为基础,在地面建立GPS定位基准站,进行矿山数据采集,为绘制矿山地形图提供基础数据,并引入数字化绘图技术,将采集的数据录入到计算机中,进行数据编辑和处理,然后对矿区的土场图、矿山地形图进行绘制,利用相应比例尺,实现对矿区的测绘。最后通过实验对比证明,本文设计的测绘方法比传统测绘方法精准度高,具有实际应用意义。     

基于RDMS数字地形图地籍数据质量检查方法

RDMS数字地形图与常规的地质信息系统还是有一定的区别的,RDMS数字地形图能够直观的表示出勘察地区的属性和地形要素。本文以RDMS数字地形图在欧阳海灌区地籍数据质量检查方法为研究对象,首先对RDMS数字地形图进行说明,然后对RDMS数字地形图在欧阳海灌区地籍数据质量检查方法进行了深入分析。     

基于矿区大比例尺地形图的简化研究

由于内容丰富、精度高,大比例尺地形图在社会生产中的发挥着越来越重要的作用。但是过多的地物使地形图显得冗杂,增加了使用的难度,降低了使用效率;因此大比例尺地形图在提供给各部门使用以前需要进行简化处理,消除图中冗杂的信息、完善数据间的拓扑关系,增强图的可读性及可利用性。本文以太行山某矿区地形图简化为例,介绍了大比例尺地形图的特点,同时浅析了大比例尺地形图的简化技术。结合实际生产进行了简化处理前后数据的对比,统计分析了处理前后数据的差异,本研究为同行之间开展类似研究提供了参考和依据。     

低空无人机航空摄影技术在矿山地形图测绘中的应用分析

文章论述无人机摄影测量技术的现状,探讨无人机摄影技术数据获取与数据处理等,以矿山地形图测绘为例,探究无人机航空摄影测量技术应用于矿山地形图生产,分析无人机航空摄影测量技术和EPS三维测图系统在生产矿山地形图测绘的可行性及实用性。     

三维可视化矿体模型的构建——基于非标准空间网格化建模技术

三维立体模型是数字化矿山建设的基础与关键,利用DIMINE平台对矿带二维原始资料进行收集与整理,构建三维钻孔数据库,以已有矿山平面图与地形图等资料为依据建立地表工程模型,基于非标准空间网格化技术建立三维可视化矿体模型与对应的块段模型,用于矿体形态及其构造意义的分析,可为矿带的深入找矿工作提供一定理论参考。     

浅谈我省矿业权实地核查

由于我省经济尚不发达,许多地区缺少大比例尺地形图资料,有的地区甚至连最基本的1:10000或1:50000的地形数据都没有,导致矿业权设置基础不准,同时从未进行过大规模、统一的矿权信息调查,现有登记数据库较为陈旧。此次矿业权核查从根本上解决了这一制约我省矿政管理的问题,为全面提升全省矿政管理水平奠定了基础。     

无人机在矿山地质环境治理恢复地形图测绘中的应用

矿区地形图是进行矿山地质环境治理恢复设计、工作量计算的基础。受矿产开采影响,治理恢复区测量难度大。介绍了无人机低空摄影测量的工作原理,分析了无人机在地形图测量中的工作流程,并进行了精度统计。结果表明,无人机低空摄影测量技术可以满足矿山地质环境治理恢复1:1000地形图测绘的精度要求。     

基于TLS的数字矿山假彩色三维模型构建

为了获取数字矿山假彩色三维模型,以山东某露天矿山为例,将数据经过点云预处理之后进行传统的三维建模,然后对传统三维模型上的点云数据赋予假彩色信息,重新建模,最后形成整个矿区和矿区最大建筑物的假彩色三维模型,并将模型应用在矿山储量计算实践。采用TLS获取点云数据、IDL编程处理点云数据以及Geomagic软件建模方法,所获取的假彩色三维模型可以很好地指导实际生产。本方法从获取点云数据到最终构建模型经时5 d,最终构建的2 m分辨率假彩色三维模型效果明显优于传统数字化地形图（1个月工作量）,充分论证了通过三维扫描构建矿山三维模型的方式可以大大减少计算工作量和工作时间,能够获得更加逼真的三维模型。     

Spatial distribution of responses to simple and complex sounds in the primary auditory cortex

The basic functional organization of the cat primary auditory cortex is discussed as it is revealed by electrophysiological studies of the distribution of elementary receptive field (RF) parameters. RFs of cortical neurons have been shown to vary considerably from neuron to neuron; additionally, specific RF properties vary independently. Furthermore, some of the RF properties are nonhomogeneously distributed across the auditory cortex and can be interpreted as forming "maps" that represent specific stimulus information in a topographic way. Accordingly, the functional organization of the primary auditory cortex is interpreted as a series of superimposed independent parameter maps. The consequences of such a layout for the spatial and temporal coding of pure tones and speech sounds is illustrated and ramifications for the interpretation of far-field event-related potentials are discussed.     

Groundwater Potential Zoning in Thirumanimuttar Sub-Basin Tamilnadu, India-A GIS and Remote Sensing Approach

The main objective of the study is to identify groundwater potential zones in Thirumanimuttar basin with an integrated approach using Remote Sensing and geographical information system (GIS). FCC Image of Landsat TM 30 m resolution data and topographic maps has been used to generate thematic maps like geology, geomorphology, lineament and lineament density, drainage, drainage density, and slope map of the study area. A number of geomorphic units such as Denudational hills, structural hills,Bajadas, Colluvial plain, Pediplain, Deep Pediment and Alluvial plains have been observed. A composite groundwater potential map has been generated as very high, high, medium, low and very low based on the groundwater availability area. The upper, middle and downstream of the basins have been identified as potential zones for groundwater exploration. The regions of lineaments and intersecting lineaments proved for groundwater potential zones. The data generated was validated with field checks and observed to be in conformity with the same.     

《中华人民共和国地貌图集》的研究与编制

Geomorphologic maps are one of the most fundamental materials of the natural environment. They have been widely used in scientific research, resource exploration and extraction, education and military affairs etc. An editorial committee was established in 2001 to collect materials for researching and compiling a set of new 1:1,000,000 geomorphologic atlas of China. A digital geomorphologic database was created with visual interpretation from Landsat TM/ETM imageries and SRTM-DEM etc. The atlas compiled from the database was finished. The main characteristics of the atlas are as follows: Firstly, Landsat TM/ETM imageries, published geomorphologic maps or sketches, geographical base maps, digital geological maps, and other thematic maps were collected, which were uniformly geometrically rectified, clipped into uniform sheets, and stored in the foundation database. Secondly, based on the legends of 15 sheets 1:1,000,000 maps published in the 1980s, a geomorphologic classification system was built by combining morphology and genesis types. The system comprised seven hierarchical layers: basic morphology, genesis, sub-genesis, morphology,micro-morphology, slope and aspect, material composition and lithology. These layers were stored in the database during visual image interpretation. About 2000 kinds of morpho-genesis and 300 kinds of morpho-structure were interpreted. Thirdly, the legend system was built, which included color, symbol bases and note bases etc., compilation standards and procedures were developed, 74 sheets of 1:1,000,000 covering all land and sea territories of China were compiled, the 1:1,000,000 geomorphologic atlas of the People's Republic of China was finished and published. The atlas will fill the blanks in national basic scale thematic maps, and the geomorphologic database could be applied widely in many fields in the future.     

Metrics for cortical map organization and lateralization

Cerebral lateralization refers to the poorly understood fact that some functions are better controlled by one side of the brain than the other (e.g. handedness, language). Of particular concern here are the asymmetries apparent in cortical topographic maps that can be demonstrated electrophysiologically in mirror-image locations of the cerebral cortex. In spite of great interest in issues surrounding cerebral lateralization, methods for measuring the degree of organization and asymmetry in cortical maps are currently quite limited. In this paper, several measures are developed and used to assess the degree of organization, lateralization, and mirror symmetry in topographic map formation. These measures correct for large constant displacements as well as curving of maps. The behavior of the measures is tested on several topographic maps obtained by self-organization of an initially random artificial neural network model of a bihemispheric brain, and the results are compared with subjective assessments made by humans.     

MapGIS制图中随意参数底图的矢量校正

基于MapGIS软件系统分析和东准噶尔地区空间多元地学信息找矿预测工作,针对无矢量化随意参数地质图件资料的矢量校正,提出了关键点配准法的底图矢量校正方法;对于无配准矢量化图件的矢量校正,提出了关键点坐标法和关键点距离法2种解决方案。研究表明,采用关键点配准法可有效解决传统单幅底图法存在的累计误差大及工作效率低等问题。对于无配准普通数字化图件的矢量校正,可采用关键点坐标法和关键点距离法实现,前者是解决无配准矢量化图校正的最佳方法,适用于原始底图中有4个或以上的关键点,校正后的图件图元信息准确,后期不需要进行点、线图元参数的调整,具有误差小、效率高的特点;当无配准矢量化图中关键点数量少,不适用关键点坐标法时,可采用关键点距离法进行校正。这3种方法对提高成果资料的利用水平,促进空间多元地学信息找矿预测的有效性和准确率有重要意义。     

EEG spectral topography in neurology: I. A review of techniques

As researchers investigate methods of automated interpretation of the electroencephalogram (EEG), spectral topography is emerging as an important and popular technique in applied clinical neurophysiology. Several computer-based EEG topography systems have been developed to produce topographic maps showing the spatial distributions of pre-defined frequency bands in the EEG. However, there is ongoing debate as to which technical approaches to EEG topography generate maps that can be most accurately interpreted by clinicians. This paper reviews existing topographic techniques, particularly as they apply to diagnostic neurology, and discusses some of the technical choices that must be addressed by topography users. These choices include the selection of montage, epoch length, interpolation scheme, graphical display method, and artifact removal technique. The points summarised here highlight the general opinion that although EEG topography has many benefits, it should be invoked with care and the user should possess an indepth understanding of the procedures used to produce the topographic maps.     

基于AutoCAD的露天矿三维建模与应用研究

露天矿三维地质模型是数字矿山建设中的信息平台,对露天矿的工程设计、生产管理有重要的指导意义。在AutoCAD平台下,以某露天矿为例,建立地质数据库,根据断层线构建断层线框模型,根据采场现状图和地形等高线构建地形模型,根据钻孔数据和内插点构建煤岩实体模型,实现了露天矿三维地质模型的可视化显示;根据煤岩实体模型建立块体模型,对块体模型添加属性、赋值,并将其应用到露天矿采剥工程量计算中,与传统算量方法相比,该方法操作简单,提高了计算的速度与精度。     

地下金属矿智能矿山总体规划

针对地下金属矿智能矿山建设中集成化程度低、共享性差和协同性缺乏等问题,提出地下金属矿智能矿山总体规划,包含规划目标、规划思路、系统架构和应用平台架构。以矿山生产业务流和数据流为线索,围绕生产技术、生产管理、过程管控和安全环保,规划覆盖全要素、贯穿全流程的智能矿山建设内容。生产技术协同平台促进生产技术协同作业流程化和规范化,生产管理平台确保生产管理及时性与共享性,智能开采装备与系统保障现场作业人员安全和设备跟踪调度,安全环保平台为管理低成本化和痕迹化提供了方法,三维可视化智能管控平台为数据集成可视化提供了手段。研究成果可为地下金属矿智能矿山规划、设计和建设提供指导。