New experimental evaluation techniques for selectivity of collecting agents for gold and platinum flotation from fine-impregnated noble metal ores

It is proposed to apply nanosize Au and Pt particles to ground mineral particles for the analysis of flotation and adsorptive properties of new reagents. The authors have obtained specimens of pyrite, arsenopyrite and quartz artificially enriched by nanosize gold particles. Reductive adsorption from Na₂[PtCl₆] and Na[AuCl₄] produced pyrrhotine uniformly applied with microsize platinum particles. The article discusses the application range of the proposed techniques and methods of examination of specimens and interaction between reagents and micro- and nanosize gold and platinum particles depending on the conditions of sulfide treatment by the noble metals and on properties of a host mineral. Advanced integrated analysis of interaction between the nitrogen-bearing reagent MTKh and gold confirmed chemically induced selectivity of MTKh towards gold     

Interaction of sodium diisobutyl dithiophosphinate and platinum in aqueous solutions and on sulphide surface

For the noble metal flotation reagents, the authors propose a new test method of selective adsorption on surface of minerals covered with noble metal grains, by using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an X-ray energy-dispersive microanalyzer. Sorption of DTPINa was recorded by SEM and thin layer chromatography on surface of platinum metal grains in the form of a compound identical to the synthesized compound Pt[(iso-C₄H₉)2PS₂]₂. It has been found that interaction of DTPI and platinum ions can run in unheated aqueous solutions at a rate sufficient for flotation. In pH 4–9 range, the rate of platinum DTPI formation is maximal. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 75–84, March–April, 2009.     

Application of complexing reagents to flotation separation of the varieties of pyrite

It is considered how the organic reagents, complexing agents, change floatability of the varieties of pyrite with different content of goal. The authors continue studying the flotation effect of the reagent PROX capable to selectively decrease floatability of some pyrite varieties in the presence of xanthogenate due to formation of a hydrophilic complex compound with ferric iron at the phase interface of the mineral surface — liquid, and to reduce sorption of xanthogenate. A phytogenous reagent is suggested as an alternative to the multi-component PROX. The new reagent mechanism is described by examining the chromatographic behavior of the compound of this reagent and ferric iron salt. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 111–120, July–August, 2007.     

Sulfhydryl phosphorus-containing collectors in flotation of copper–nickel platinum-group metals

The analysis involves influence of sulfhydryl phosphorus-containing collectors (SPC) on flotation of copper–nickel ore-bearing metals from platinum group. Efficiency of SPC and butyl xanthate combination is illustrated, and their optimal ratio is determined. The authors study influence of the test agents on electrode potential and hydrophobic behavior of pyrrhotine, pentlandite and platinum black. UV and IR spectrophotometry has shown origination of disulfide di-isobutyl dithiophosphinate on the surface of pyrrhotine.     

Sorption of mercaptanbenzothiazol and dithiophosphate on Pt-Cu-Ni minerals at flotation process

The test data on sorption and flotation properties of reagent-collectors: dithiophosphate (DTP) and mercaptanbenzothiazol (MBT) relative to Pt-Cu-Ni minerals (chalcopyrite, pentlandite, and pyrrhotite) are presented. It was established by UV-spectroscopy analysis that MBT sorption on the study mineral specimens amounted to 62 % for chalcopyrite, and 15–30 % for pyrrhotites, 88 % for pentlanditepyrrhotite specimen to the initial reagent quantity. Adsorption of isopropyl and isobutyldithiophosphate on pentlandite-pyrrhotite was 59% and 82 %, respectively, along with none actual adsorption of these reagents on pyrrhotite.. It is shown that the selective sorption of MBT and DTP proves the expediency of applying the above complex-forming reagent mixture as selective collectors for platinum-bearing sulfide minerals at Pt-Cu-Ni ore flotation. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 129–134, November–December, 2007.     

Scientific grounds for high-performance agent modes in platiniferous sulfide mineral flotation from rebellious ores

The author substantiates the choice of new selective agents PTTC, HPEDETC, and Hostaflot M-91 to float platiniferous sulfide minerals from rebellious ores. The study agent modes imply the use of PTTC, being a component of modified xanthate and providing 6–7% increase in recovery of copper, nickel, and PGM in flotation of the low-sulfide platiniferous copper-nickel ore from the Fedorovo-Pansky deposit. The substitution of HPEDETC and Hostaflot M-91 for xanthate makes it possible to increase recovery of platinum by 5.7–13%, palladium by 4–9% and 2–4 times the noble metal content in the flotation concentrate.     

Improved selectivity of sulfide ore flotation

The article analyzes flotation and adsorption capacity of a new complexing reagent AMD (nitrogen and oxygenated organic compound belonging to phenylpyrazole class) toward sphalerite, chalcopyrite and pyrite, combined with complexing modifiers, at varied consumptions of the reagents, in wide range of alkalinity. The basis for improvement of pyrite and sphalerite separation in flotation is provided.     

高硫铁精矿反浮选脱硫试验

江西某高硫铜铁矿铁精矿-75 μm占7251%，铁品位仅为6236%，但含硫高达187%，硫主要以磁黄铁矿和黄铁矿的形式存在，磁铁矿与磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿有不同程度的交代、连生或被包裹现象。为解决铁精矿含硫高的问题，进行了反浮选脱硫试验。结果表明，试样在再磨细度为-45 μm占7068%的情况下，采用2次反浮选粗选流程处理，粗选1氟硅酸钠用量为300 g/t、戊基黄药用量为250 g/t、2#油用量为30 g/t，粗选2氟硅酸钠用量为100 g/t、戊基黄药用量为100 g/t、2#油用量为10 g/t，最终精矿含铁提高至6403%、含硫降至039%，较好地解决了铁精矿含硫较高的问题     

金属离子对硅酸盐矿物浮选行为影响的研究进展

在矿物浮选过程中,矿浆中的金属离子对矿物浮选行为有重要影响。分析和总结相关文献,综述了金属离子对硅酸盐矿物抑制作用、活化作用、分散行为的影响规律及机理。在不同浮选体系中,金属离子以络合物或沉淀吸附于矿物表面,通过消耗浮选药剂,改变矿物表面电性等方式,来影响矿物浮选行为。金属离子改变矿物表面电性,影响硅酸盐分散行为,金属氢氧化物沉淀通过桥连作用促使矿物聚沉。金属离子的干扰作用一般采用沉淀、络合或屏蔽法消除。      

New complexing agents to select auriferous pyrite and arsenopyrite

The authors propose the process for selective flotation of auriferous pyrite and arsenopyrite, where the combination of xanthate, 2-hydroxylpropyl ester of diethyldithiocarbamate acid (HPEDEDCA) and oak-bark extract (OBE) is used to produce pyrite concentrate recovered into the froth product. The process provides the selective recovery of valuables into heteronymous concentrates, thus reducing the irrecoverable valuable component loss by 5–7 %. The complexing capacity of HPEDEDCA to gold is experimentally proved and allows using it as a selective collector of auriferous iron sulfides. The use of OBE to depress iron sulfides and arsenic in flotation of multicomponent ores contributes to higher flotation selectivity and grade of heteronymous concentrates.     

Response of rough and acute surfaces of pyrite with 3-D approach to the flotation

This study presents a new 3-D approach to determine the morphological properties of pyrite particles by Brunauer — Emmett — Teller (BET) nitrogen gas adsorption and Permaran methods. The obtained parameters, which are surface roughness and acuteness, were correlated with the floatability of those mineral particles. The flotation performances of the pyrite particles ground in different mills were also evaluated by a Hallimond tube. The results showed that lower roughness and acuteness values caused higher flotation recoveries for the pyrite particles considered. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 95–104, July–August, 2006     

基于交流阻抗技术的磁黄铁矿活化浮选研究

采用活化浮选及交流阻抗技术研究了硫酸和草酸对被石灰抑制后的磁黄铁矿的活化效果和活化机理。浮选试验证实硫酸与草酸均能活化磁黄铁矿, 草酸的活化效果优于硫酸。交流阻抗研究表明硫酸与草酸对磁黄铁矿的活化机理表现在两方面: 一是提高磁黄铁矿表面自身氧化电位, 阻碍亲水物质进一步产生; 二是去除吸附在磁黄铁矿表面的亲水物质, 使之露出新鲜表面。磁黄铁矿表面电阻R_s随硫酸和草酸用量增加而降低, 表面法拉第反应电阻R_p随硫酸和草酸用量增加而增加, 该结果与浮选试验结果一致。     

Change in technological properties of technogenic sulfide-contained raw material in the storage process

Results of modeling of changes in technological properties of sulfide minerals (pyrrhotite, pentlandite, and chalcopyrite) present in mining-industrial wastes stored in a climate in which evaporation prevails over precipitation are reported. It is proved that flotation activity of chalcopyrite and, in particular, of pentlandite diminishes, pyrrhotite increases, and selectivity and flotation of combined sulfides with respect to other minerals increases insignificantly. The content of water-soluble salts, dominated by nickel sulfates, increases with storage time. Institute of Problems of Complex Development of Bowels, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 108–114, May–June, 2000.     

Effect of features of the mineral composition and conditions of formation of oxidized copper ores of the udokan deposit on their beneficiation technology

It is established that features of the composition and properties of copper sulfates essentially predetermine their flotation behavior. An effective technology for their processing, which makes it possible to obtain high beneficiation indicators due to regulation of the energy state the disperse system and subsequent weak electrochemical effects on the flotation pulp, is developed. State Technical University, Chita, Russia; and Institute of Natural Resources, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chita, Russia. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 104–112, March–April, 2000.     

Effect of ozone on physico-chemical and flotation properties of surface of pyrrhotite under the nanosecond electromagnetic pulse treatment

It is proved by testing that the effect of nanosecond powerful electromagnetic pulses (PEMP) tends to give rise to both pyrrhotite disintegration and alterations of its particles’ surface chemistry. It is found that PEMP exerts an effect on the surface composition, floatability, sorption ability and solubilization intensity of pyrrhotite. The non-monotone variation of sulphur content, removed from pyrrhotite surface under hexane action, and ferrous and ferric sulfates detected in the aqueous phase of suspension, are found to induce a nonmonotone alteration of sorption and flotation properties of the mineral depending on the number of pulses. The mode has been established for the preliminary PEMP treatment for pyrrhotite and pentlandite, aimed at improving the flotation separation as compared to a conventional mode. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 91–99, January–February, 2007.     

Investigation into the flotation response of a sulphide ore to depressant mixtures

The Merensky reef in the Bushveld Complex is well-known to contain a number of platinum group elements (PGEs). These PGEs are strongly associated with the sulphide minerals found in the Merensky reef. In order to recover the PGEs from the Merensky reef, a combination of reagents is used to optimise the flotation process by various operations across the Bushveld Complex. These reagents usually include; collectors, activators and depressants. The most common collectors are the xanthates, while the activator copper sulphate (CuSO₄) is most often used. The depressants, either carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or modified guar gum (guar) are typical.This study examines the effect of blending depressants on the flotation response of a typical Merensky ore. The effect of each depressant, being guar and CMC, was examined in turn by changing the concentrations used in initial flotation tests; this was followed by blending guar and CMC in equal ratios by various procedures to determine the effects thereof. The depressants were blended in two ways: (1) premixed followed by a single conditioning stage and (2) stage wise; as primary and secondary depressants, each conditioned in turn.     

浮选药剂与矿物作用机理研究方法探讨

浮选过程中药剂与矿物的作用机理十分复杂,明确浮选药剂与矿物的作用机理可以为浮选药剂的分子设计提供理论指导。近年来通过试验研究及分析测试技术对浮选药剂与矿物表面作用的研究,取得了很多成果。总结了浮选药剂与矿物作用机理的研究方法,并介绍了几种主要研究方法的应用实例。单矿物试验、动电位、接触角、吸附量等方法可明确药剂与矿物的作用强度及矿物可浮性;通过IR、UV、XPS、SIMS、AES等手段可分析浮选药剂与矿物的作用方式;利用分子模拟技术可以从微观层面模拟药剂与矿物的作用过程,得出作用规律。借助各种研究测试方法为研究矿物表面的结构,理解矿物与浮选药剂之间作用过程,探讨作用机理提供了有力的工具。指出分子模拟技术必将广泛地应用于浮选药剂作用机理的研究中,在提高研究效率及新型浮选药剂的开发中起到重要作用。     

Investigation into Products of Dimethyl Dithiocarbamate and Xanthate Sorption on Sulfide Minerals of Copper-Nickel Ores

The mechanism of interaction of sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate and xanthate with the surface of pentlandite and pyrrhotine is investigated. The basic forms and features are determined for the forming surface compounds on flotation.     

某选锌尾矿中硫矿物的回收试验

某浮锌尾矿中硫含量为10.13%,主要硫化物为磁黄铁矿和黄铁矿。采用磁-浮联合流程进行了硫回收试验研究,通过1粗1精弱磁选和1粗1精1扫浮选可获得硫品位为35.59%、回收率为64.82%的磁选硫精矿和硫品位为31.09%、回收率为23.42%的浮选硫精矿,综合硫精矿硫品位为34.27%、回收率为88.24%。     

瓦斯泥浮选提碳正交试验研究

瓦斯泥中碳的提取一般采用浮选,柴油或煤油为捕收剂,2#油作起泡剂,然而对于不同性质的瓦斯泥,浮选效果却大不相同。为了详细研究各种因素对瓦斯泥高效浮选提碳的影响,本文针对某地瓦斯泥提碳浮选设计了正交试验,并对试验结果进行了极差分析。研究表明,对于固定碳含量和精矿回收率而言,矿浆浓度和高效浮选药剂的用量对其影响最大。该试验研究结果为类似性质的瓦斯泥浮选提碳具有一定的参考价值。