基于多级滤波的感兴趣边缘检测算法

针对边缘检测过程中阈值难确定和提取干扰边缘较多的问题,提出了一种基于多级滤波的感兴趣边缘检测算法。该算法分为四个步骤:首先对图像进行平滑滤波;之后计算水平方向和垂直方向的梯度幅值图像和梯度方向图像;然后根据梯度方向图像对梯度幅值图像进行噪声边缘滤波,并对梯度幅值图像进行非最大值抑制;最后对滤波后的梯度幅值图像进行分割,对得到的边缘映射图进行边缘跟踪,获取所有的边缘段及其特征,并滤除不满足特征约束的边缘,得到感兴趣的边缘。试验结果表明本文算法有很好的适用性。     

基于Sobel算子的改进边缘检测算法

提出了一种基于Sobel算子改进的边缘检测算法。该算法在传统Sobel算子模板基础上增加了45°方向和135°方向两个模板,提高了边缘定位的精度。在计算图像梯度时结合了方向拆分法,将每个方向梯度与两个子方向半个模板对应的像素点之和分别求比值,选择最大者作为该方向的梯度值,然后将四个方向梯度的最大值作为窗口中心点的梯度,最后对梯度图像进行阈值分割和细化,得到边缘图像。实验证明,算法获取的图像边缘与传统Sobel算法相比,具有定位准确、图像边缘较细的优点。     

一种抑制脉冲噪声的边缘检测算法

提出了一种针对脉冲噪声图像的边缘检测算法,算法借鉴了中值滤波的思想,并采用十字型卷积模板计算图像梯度。首先,对参与图像中梯度计算的像素点进行阈值判断,如果是噪声点,该点像素值用3x3窗口中值滤波结果值替代,然后参与梯度计算,如果不是噪声点则直接参与梯度计算;其次对梯度图像进行细化和二值化以提取边缘图像。实验证明,本文算法对脉冲噪声污染图像边缘检测效果良好,较好地抑制了脉冲噪声的影响,而且提取的图像边缘较细,轮廓清晰。和传统的边缘检测算法及基于小波模变换的边缘检测算法相比,算法在抑噪能力上和边缘提取效果上均比较优秀。     

多尺度形态梯度算法及其在图像分割中的应用

分水岭变换是一种适用于图像分割的强有力的形态工具.然而,基于分水岭变换的图像分割方法的性能在很大程度上依赖于用来计算待分割图像梯度的算法.本文首先提出了一种计算图像形态梯度的多尺度算法,对阶跃边缘和"模糊"边缘进行了有效的处理其次,提出了一种去除因噪声或量化误差造成的局部"谷底"的算法.实验结果表明,采用本文算法后进行分水岭变换,即使不进行区域合并也能产生有意义的分割,极大地减轻了计算负担.     

基于均值梯度的脉冲噪声图像边缘检测算法

为了有效地检测出受脉冲噪声污染图像的边缘,提出了一种基于均值梯度的图像边缘检测算法。算法将检测窗口根据水平和垂直方向分成上、下、左、右4个不同区域,先计算每个区域内非噪声点的平均灰度值,然后利用这些值的差分计算图像梯度,得出梯度图像,最后对梯度图像采用了改进的非极大值抑制方法对梯度图像进行细化并提取边缘。实验结果表明,该算法能够较好地检测出受较高密度脉冲噪声干扰的图像边缘,而且边缘较细,效果明显优于传统Sobel算法,具有较强的实用性。     

基于边缘梯度特征的图像分割

图像的边缘包含了大量的梯度信息,图像中的真实边界点处的梯度强度大于其左右领域的梯度强度值。根据这个特性提出了改进的阈值分割算法,首先利用高斯平滑对图像进行预处理,再利用Krisch算法对图像进行梯度运算得到图像的梯度信息,然后利用改进的二维最大类间方差法根据图像梯度进行阈值分割,最后利用目标和背景的空间关系去除少量误提边缘。实验结果表明,该方法能有效地检测出低信噪比图像中的目标并显著提高了目标检测的概率。     

一种基于Sobel算子梯度增强的边缘检测算法

针对传统Sobel算子在图像边缘检测中存在的弱边缘提取较差及边缘较粗等不足,提出了一种局部梯度增强的检测算法.算法采用改进的Sobel算子卷积模板计算图像梯度;然后对梯度图像采用局部标准差方法增强局部弱边缘的梯度,最后对局部梯度增强的图像进行细化处理并提取图像边缘,得到边缘图像.实验结果表明,该算法获取的边缘图像边缘信息较丰富,连续性好,边缘较细,整体效果优于传统Sobel算法,具有较高的实用价值.     

基于标准差梯度的模糊边缘检测算法

红外图像的边缘检测是图像处理领域的难题之一。结合红外图像的特点，将最小误差原理推广到模糊域进而应用到红外图像的边缘检测上，提出了一种基于标准差梯度的红外图像模糊边缘检测算法。首先提出了一种基于标准差的梯度算子，将图像中潜在的边缘区域很好地区分出来；而后引入模糊最小误差阈值算法．根据此算法自适应提取了标准差梯度图像中的最优阈值，从而实现了红外图像的目标边缘检测。与传统的基于梯度的红外图像边缘检测算法进行对比实验，结果表明，该算法用于红外图像边缘检测能获得更好的效果。     

结合蚁群算法与二维直方图的红外图像分割

现有的图像分割算法存在着耗时量大,分割效果不佳等问题,不适用与红外系统领域的应用。针对上述问题,根据灰度级－梯度二维直方图的目标分割优势,通过与蚁群算法相结合,提出了一种结合蚁群算法与二维直方图的红外图像分割算法。通过在传统的灰度－梯度二维直方图进行引入边缘与噪声区域的相关量;通过将图像窗口化,并根据最佳分割阈值对蚁群的启发函数以及信息素更新进行重新定义,来实现红外目标的快速提取。实验结果表明,该算法分割后的红外目标边缘清晰,抗干扰能力较强,且运算速度也得到了有效提高。     

基于梯度的低对比度X线图像分割方法

在医学骨折诊断领域,X线图像是骨折诊断的重要手段,X线图像中骨骼组织的精确分割为后续的诊断提供了重要依据。为此,文中首先利用Sobel边缘检测算子得到X线图像的梯度图,然后利用灰度图像单目标跟踪算法,提出了一种基于梯度的多目标分割算法,经过三轮跟踪获得了骨骼组织的精确定位,实现了医学骨科X线图像的骨骼分割。最后,将分割结果与边缘检测和阈值方法的分割结果进行了比较。试验结果表明,该方法对低对比度图像能够得到好的分割效果,比较适合医学骨科X线图像的骨骼分割。     

Technology innovation and process integrations for sub-100nm gate patterning

This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration.     

Complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for ellipse feature

To meet the need of automatic image features extraction with high precision in visual inspection, a complete approach to automatic identification and sub-pixel center location for similar-ellipse feature is proposed. In the method, the feature area is identified automatically based on the edge attribute, and the sub-pixel center location is accomplished with the leastsquare algorithm. It shows that the method is valid, practical, and has high precision by experiment. Meanwhile this method can meet the need of instrumentation of visual inspection because of easy realization and without man-machine interaction.     

White organic light-emitting devices based on fac tris（2- phenylpyridine） iridium sensitized 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnap -hthacene

We have fabricated the white organic light-emitting devices （WOLEDs） based on 4,4＇ -bis（2,2 -diphenyl vinyl）-1,1＇ - biphenyl （DPVBi） and phosphorescence sensitized 5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene （rubrene）. The device structure is ITO/2T-NATA （20 nm）/NPBX （20 nm）/CBP： x%Ir（ppy）3：0.5% rubrene （8 nm）/NPBX （5 nm）/DPVBi （30 nm）/Alq（30 nm）/LiF（0.5 nm）/A1. In the devices, DPVBi acts as a blue light-emitting layer, the rubrene is sensitized by a phosphorescent material, fac tris （2-phenylpyridine） iridium [Ir（ppy）3], acts as a yellow light-emitting layer, and N,N＇ -bis- （1-naphthyl）- N,N＇ -diphenyl -1, 1＇ -biphenyl-4,4＇ -diamine （NPBX） acts as a hole transporting and exciton blocker layer, respectively. When the concentration of Ir （PPY）3 is 6wt%, the maximum luminance is 24960 cd/m^2 at an applied voltage of 15 V, and the maximum luminous efficiency is 5.17 cd/A at an applied voltage of 8 V.     

小角度扩展相关性近似算法分析

本论文提出一种在多天线MIMO信道相关性建模中小角度扩展近似理论算法,并应用于分析MIMO系统性能。分析中分别对三种不同角能量分布情况下的空间相关性研发快速近似计算法,并同时提出双模(Bi-Modal)角能量分布情况下的近似运算。通过分析这些新方法的近似效率,可以得到计算简单、复杂度低、而且符合实际的MIMO相关信道矩阵,对系统级的快速高效计算法的研究和系统级的评估以及误差分析具有重要的意义。     

A Versatile Mixed-Signal Pin Approach for Cost-Effective Test of Automotive ICs

Integrated circuits (ICs) intended for increasingly sophisticated automotive applications bring unique test demands. Advanced ICs for applications such as highly integrated automatic braking system (ABS) and airbag controllers combine high voltage digital channels, significant VI demands and precise timing capability. Along with continued missioncritical reliability concerns, the trend toward higher voltage operation and increased device integration requires specialized test capabilities able to extend across the wide operating ranges found in automotive applications. Among these capabilities, automotive test requirements increasingly dictate a need for a cost-effective versatile mixed-signal pin electronics with very high data rates reaching up to 50MHz with a voltage swing of-2 V to +28 V.     

Optical vibration and deviation measurement of rotating machine parts

It is of interest to get appropriate information about the dynamic behaviour of rotating machinery parts in service. This paper presents an approach of optical vibration and deviation measurement of such parts. Essential of this method is an image derotator combined with a high speed camera or a laser doppler vibrometer （LDV）.     

社长序言（英文）

正Happy New Year!As we step into a new year,we take a look back at the key feature topics covered in China Communications over the past 12 months and set out our expecta-     

Call for Papers

正Introduction Jointly sponsored by the China Institute of Communications(CIC)and the IEEE Communications Society(IEEE ComSoc)since the year 2013,China Communications,currently,is aiming to gradually realise the transition from journal to magazine content and style.     

INTEGRATION OF OPTICAL AND WIRELESS NETWORKS

正For a long time,optical and wireless systems/net-works are developed in separate communities witha few attempts for in-depth convergence.In fact,it prom-ises many advantages to combine the optical and wire-less technologies in the levels of systems and networks.Recently,both academia and industry have made manyefforts to enter a new phase of development to take op-tical and wireless systems as fully integrated networks.To provide high bandwidth and reliable service for bothfixed and mobile users,a well-designed network must     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.3,2015

正Smart Grid Communications The electric power industry is undergoing profound changes as the industry aims to capture the promise of a smart grid for a sustainable energy future.Enabled by the advanced sensing devices such as Phasor Measurement Units(PMUs),increasingly powerful