最大互相关图象匹配算法的硬件实现

图象匹配技术是计算机图象处理的一种基本手段，但由于其计算量太大，故对较大图象的处理几乎不可能实时实现。文章中提到的硬件及系统结构则大大提高了计算机对图象匹配的计算机速度，使图象匹配的实时实现成为可能。     

基于Nios II数据采集模块控制器的设计

为实现基于Nios Ⅱ图像识别系统的软硬件协同图像识别,基于可编程片上系统(SOPC)最新技术,结合图像识别系统的设计原理,给出了该系统中Avalon总线外设数据采集控制器的设计方法。该方法解决了系统中硬件和软件对同步动态随机存储器(SDRAM)访问冲突的问题,从而达到了软硬件协同处理图像的目的,对图像处理的速度和灵活性都有改进。实际操作表明该方法亦适用于其他存在同类问题的系统中。     

基于FPGA的小波图像实时处理方法

基于小波变换的滤波方法应用于红外图像处理中可以在降低噪声的同时提升图像细节,有效改善图像画质.介绍了一种采用FPGA的小波图像处理方法及其硬件处理架构.通过合理有效地进行算法硬件设计,在单片FPGA芯片上实现了图像的实时处理,有利于红外机芯的小型化.     

Infrared Image Real-time Enhancement Based on DSP

Since image real-time processing requires vast amount of computation and high-speed hardware,it is difficult to be implemented with general microcomputer system. In order to solve the problem,a powerful digital signal processing (DSP) hardware system is proposed,which is able to meet needs of image real-time processing. There are many approaches to enhance infrared image. But only histogram equalization is discussed because it is the most common and effective way. On the basis of histogram equalization principle,the specific procedures implemented in DSP are shown. At last the experimental results are given.     

弹载图像小波实时处理技术研究

以战场图像侦察弹为需求背景，采用小波理论对弹载图像实时压缩技术进行了研究，分析了弹载图像压缩特点和机理，给出了小波帧内压缩算法模型及弹载实时压缩硬件实现电路，实验室硬件仿真结果表明该模型可用于战场弹载图像的无线传输。     

Detection and Segmentation of Concealed Objects in Terahertz Images

Terahertz imaging makes it possible to acquire images of objects concealed underneath clothing by measuring the radiometric temperatures of different objects on a human subject. The goal of this work is to automatically detect and segment concealed objects in broadband 0.1–1 THz images. Due to the inherent physical properties of passive terahertz imaging and associated hardware, images have poor contrast and low signal to noise ratio. Standard segmentation algorithms are unable to segment or detect concealed objects. Our approach relies on two stages. First, we remove the noise from the image using the anisotropic diffusion algorithm. We then detect the boundaries of the concealed objects. We use a mixture of Gaussian densities to model the distribution of the temperature inside the image. We then evolve curves along the isocontours of the image to identify the concealed objects. We have compared our approach with two state-of-the-art segmentation methods. Both methods fail to identify the concealed objects, while our method accurately detected the objects. In addition, our approach was more accurate than a state-of-the-art supervised image segmentation algorithm that required that the concealed objects be already identified. Our approach is completely unsupervised and could work in real-time on dedicated hardware.      

基于预测与JPEG2000的高光谱图像无损压缩方法

随着成像光谱仪向着高光谱分辨率、高空间分辨率方向发展,高光谱图像的数据量呈几何级数增长。由于数据传输和存储能力的限制,必须对高光谱图像进行有效压缩。首先,对高光谱图像的相关性进行了深入分析,得知其具有一定的空间相关性和极强的谱间相关性,从而具有较强的可压缩性。其次,结合JPEG2000对DPCM进行了修改,提出了基于一阶线性预测与JPEG2000相结合的无损压缩方案。最后,在软件平台上实现了该方案,并取得了较好的压缩效果。结果表明,该方案可以有效的实现高光谱图像无损压缩,验证了方案的可行性,为硬件平台上实现该方案提供了理论依据。     

基于嵌入式处理器指纹识别系统的设计和实现

研究采用嵌入式处理器实现指纹识别系统的软硬件设计方法．通过构造以微处理器AT91SAM7X256和MBF200指纹传感器模块为平台的硬件环境,实现了嵌入式指纹识别硬件系统的设计。微处理器选用内含丰富外设的AT91SAM7X256,降低了硬件成本。指纹识别系统选用μC／OS-Ⅱ作为嵌入式操作系统,指纹识别算法中主要介绍了基于图像匹配的指纹识别算法、基于Gabor函数的指纹图像增强算法和基于方向图滤波指纹特征提取算法等．实现了低成本,高可靠性多节点指纹识别系统的设计。     

基于FPGA的实时视频增强

在图像制导应用中,针对雾霾等恶劣天气情况下形成的低对比度图像中目标跟踪稳定性不高的问题,需要对输入的低对比度视频图像进行实时增强预处理.限制对比度自适应直方图均衡算法(Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization,CLAHE)是一种增强效果较好、计算简单且易于并行实现的方法,重点研究CLAHE算法架构以及FPGA硬件实现过程,并在Xilinx公司的Virtex-5系列FPGA硬件平台和MODELSIM仿真软件上对算法进行了时序分析、增强效果验证.通过软件仿真和实际平台测试验证,设计正确可行,在实时增强的基础上有效提高目标跟踪精度.     

基于Wi—FiDirect的农业图像采集系统设计

农业大棚所处环境偏远,通用的无线网基站难以很好覆盖,导致信号不强、通信不畅。提出了一种基于Wi—Fi Direct无线通信的图像采集系统。该系统采用Linux操作系统与ARM9s3C2440作为软硬件开发平台,将CMOS OV9650摄像头作为图像传感器,利用Wi—Fi Direct无线通信将采集到的图像信息发送至远程监控终端,上位机监控界面用LabVIEW开发。给出了图像采集系统的软硬件设计方案及测试结果。结果表明,该系统硬件结构小、运行稳定,最大优势是传输速率快,不用路由器就能组网实现远程图像的实时传输,在农业方面具有一定的实用价值。     

Digitization and display for interactive image analysis

In the automatic inspection of components, picture processing (interactive image analysis) is presenting itself as a worthy contender. To investigate applications a prototyping system has been developed at the University of Southampton. The most useful input devices are a television camera and a videotape recorder. The acquisition of video for processing requires specialized hardware. The development of such hardware, its flexibility and its possible uses are discussed. The prototyping system is discussed and some examples of its use are given.     

Adaptive-Quantization Digital Image Sensor for Low-Power Image Compression

The recent emergence of new applications in the area of wireless video sensor network and ultra-low-power biomedical applications (such as the wireless camera pill) have created new design challenges and frontiers requiring extensive research work. In such applications, it is often required to capture a large amount of data and process them in real time while the hardware is constrained to take very little physical space and to consume very little power. This is only possible using custom single-chip solutions integrating image sensor and hardware-friendly image compression algorithms. This paper proposes an adaptive quantization scheme based on boundary adaptation procedure followed by an online quadrant tree decomposition processing enabling low power and yet robust and compact image compression processor integrated together with a digital CMOS image sensor. The image sensor chip has been implemented using 0.35-mum CMOS technology and operates at 3.3 V. Simulation and experimental results show compression figures corresponding to 0.6-0.8 bit per pixel, while maintaining reasonable peak signal-to-noise ratio levels and very low operating power consumption. In addition, the proposed compression processor is expected to benefit significantly from higher resolution and Megapixels CMOS imaging technology     

计算机X光影像仪图像采集卡的设备驱动程序

简述了计算机X光影像仪(CR)的特点,介绍了CR系统中X光图像的数字化方法,给出数字化后的X光图像数据采集的硬件电路.简要说明了Windows NT及其核心模式驱动程序的结构,阐释了在Windows NT下I/O请求的工作原理.利用NT DDK开发出计算机X光影像仪图像采集卡的核心模式设备驱动程序,通过软、硬件相结合的方法实现了对X光图像数据的实时采集和存储,经长时间的实验证明该方法可行、可靠,完全满足技术指标要求.     

Fast kappa-space sample selection in MRSI with a limited region of support

One of the primary drawbacks in the application of magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging is the long acquisition times required to obtained the desired resolution. When region of support information is available, the number of phase-encoding steps and thus time can be reduced without loss of information if the kappa-space locations are chosen well. We propose to select locations using a rectangular sampling array that is shifted to various positions in kappa-space to obtain the necessary sampling density. This method allows multiple samples to be selected simultaneously and reduces the computation required to evaluate the selection criterion. We present an efficient forward selection algorithm for optimizing the shift pattern so that the image can be reconstructed as reliably as possible from a periodic nonuniform set of samples. The proposed algorithm has important practical potential in that it can finish the selection in less than half a minute for typical image sizes and can reconstruct the image with fewer samples than regular sampling. With appropriate imaging hardware, this new algorithm makes selective sampling possible in a real-time image acquisition setting.     

顺序形态图像处理器的硬件实现

该文在阐述了灰度图像顺序形态变换的基础上,介绍了顺序形态变换硬件实现的图像处理系统。该系统采用DSP+FPGA的框架结构,利用FPGA的可重构特性将其中一片FPGA作为协处理器可以实现不同的图像处理功能。文中将软硬件实现的顺序形态图像处理图片在处理效果和速度两个方面作了比较。算法在FPGA芯片上的高速实现特征使数学形态学在图像实时处理领域的应用成为可能。     

Low-complexity compression of multispectral images based on classified transform coding

Compression of remote-sensing images can be necessary in various stages of the image life, and especially on-board a satellite before transmission to the ground station. Although on-board CPU power is quite limited, it is now possible to implement sophisticated real-time compression techniques, provided that complexity constraints are taken into account at design time. In this paper we consider the class-based multispectral image coder originally proposed in [Gelli and Poggi, Compression of multispectral images by spectral classification and transform coding, IEEE Trans. Image Process. (April 1999) 476–489 [5]] and modify it to allow its use in real time with limited hardware resources. Experiments carried out on several multispectral images show that the resulting unsupervised coder has a fully acceptable complexity, and a rate–distortion performance which is superior to that of the original supervised coder, and comparable to that of the best coders known in the literature.     

Real-time restoration of images degraded by uniform motion blur infoveal active vision systems

Foveated, log-polar, or space-variant image architectures provide a high resolution and wide field workspace, while providing a small pixel computation load. These characteristics are ideal for mobile robotic and active vision applications, but have been little used due to the general lack of image processing tools that are applicable to the log-polar coordinate system. Recently, we have described a generalization of the Fourier transform (the fast exponential chirp transform), which allows frame-rate computation of full-field two-dimensional (2-D) frequency transforms directly in log-polar coordinates. In the present work, we show that is possible to achieve full-frame image de-blur at frame rate on a standard "PC" platform, using these methods, we illustrate this idea with a Wiener filter based restoration technique. The main contribution of this note is the implementation of (space-variant) image de-blur directly in log-polar coordinates, using the exponential chirp transform. The results show reasonable quality of de-blur, and suggest that these methods are relevant to applications in mobile image processing platforms in which real-time motion deblur is important, and for which it is not desirable to use extensive or custom fabricated hardware.     

共孔径主被动高光谱三维成像实时处理框架

共孔径主被动高光谱三维成像技术是一种结合激光雷达主动探测和高光谱相机被动成像的新型遥感探测手段，通过共光路设计，降低了主被动数据配准难度，使得实时融合生成三维高光谱影像成为可能。三维高光谱成像实时处理兼具数据密集和运算密集的特点，可编程片上系统软硬件协同设计为其提供了解决方案。而目前软硬件划分多基于定性经验分析设计，难以实现定量化最优设计。针对该问题，提出了一种采用基于权重法的多目标规划模型的可编程片上系统处理框架。该处理框架利用图论模型Ncut准则开展高内聚度、低耦合度的单元分割，并对各单元的软件和硬件实现特性分别进行分析评估，最终面向应用需求，利用多目标规划模型求解最优的软硬件划分方案。利用该处理框架，针对速率优先和功耗优先两种高光谱三维实时成像应用场景，进行了软硬件划分方案的定量化求解与分析，结果表明，在速率优先设计中，相对于传统的设计，处理速率提升了43.4%，而功耗降低了53.5%。     

计算机X光影像仪图像采集卡的设备驱动程序

简述了计算机X光影像仪（CR）的特点，介绍了CR系统中X光图像的数字化方法，给出数字化的X光图像数据采集的硬件电路。简要说明了WindowsNT及其核心模式驱动程序的结构，阐释了在WindowsNT下I／O请求的工作原理。利用NT DDK开发出计算机X光影像仪图像采集卡的核心模式设备驱动程度，通过软，硬件相结合的方法实现了对X光图像数据的实时采集和存储，经长时间的实验证明该方法可行，可靠，完全满足技术指标要求。