Four independent beams from a single linear array

This paper describes an antenna technique which combines the dual-mode operation of a radiating square waveguide transmission line with the attachment of multiple ports to produce an antenna which can generate multiple, independent beams in space. The technique can be used to simultaneously transmit or receive signals through the beams with considerable isolation (>37 dB) between several of the ports. By this technique a single, traveling-wave-operated, linear array was designed to generate four unique beams in space. The beams consisted of two pairs of image beams which were produced by the use of an even coupling function design in the aperture. Measurements made of the array model atX-band showed good agreement with theory.     

高功率双层径向线螺旋阵列天线理论分析与数值模拟

研究了一种高功率双层径向线螺旋阵列天线.论文首先介绍该阵列天线的工作原理,然后从工作原理出发,设计中心频率为4.0 GHz的高功率双层径向线螺旋阵列天线,提出并研究了螺旋单元天线的磁耦合馈电,最后用有限元算法软件对阵列天线进行了数值模拟.模拟结果表明:该口径为320mm的天线在中心频率上可获得21.13dBi的增益,口径效率可达72.3％,在-12°≤θ≤12°的范围内轴向轴比值小于1.55;在3.8GHz~4.2GHz的频率范围内增益大于20.68dBi,口径效率大于69%,天线轴向轴比值小于1.7.     

基于T型谐振器的抗干扰矩形波导缝隙阵列天线设计

介绍了一种抗干扰矩形波导缝隙阵列天线的设计方法,仿真、设计并加工了一款基于T型谐振器的四缝隙矩形波导缝隙阵列天线. 通过在矩形波导下壁引入周期性的T型谐振器,有效提升了天线的抗干扰能力. 测试结果表明,该天线的?10 dB阻抗带宽为10.3%（5.5～6.1 GHz）,增益为11.5～12.8 dBi,天线效率为72.1%～87.3%。与传统矩形波导缝隙阵列天线相比较,本文设计天线在抑制频段 7.9～9.6 GHz的抗干扰能力提升了32.2～69.3 dB,适用于多频段、多任务的无线通信、雷达系统等.     

Circularly polarized dielectric-loaded planar antenna excited bythe parallel feeding waveguide network

A new receiving planar array antenna for DBS (direct broadcasting satellite) is proposed. The element antenna is a short waveguide aperture mounted in the ground plane, loaded with a dielectric and polarizers, and excited through its side wall by another feeding rectangular waveguide. The gain of the element antenna loaded with a dielectric is so high that the grating lobes can be reduced sufficiently even if the element spacing in the array is wider than the wavelength in free space. Therefore we can reduce the number of the array elements, and parallel feeding by the low loss waveguide network can be feasible to provide a planar array antenna. This paper describes the experimental results of several kinds of the circularly polarized dielectric-loaded element antennas and the planar antennas fed by the waveguide network. In the 12 GHz band the planar antenna with 64-element radiators has a maximum gain of 31.9 dBi with an aperture efficiency of 94.7%, the 1 dB-down frequency bandwidth of the gain is about 800 MHz (6.7% for a center frequency of 11.85 GHz), and the frequency bandwidth of the axial ratio is less than 1 dB of 850 MHz (7.2%)     

K波段圆极化相控阵天线的研究

对K波段相控阵单元进行了详细论述,给出了介质加载的圆形波导辐射器的仿真方向图,辐射单元方向图在自由空间的波束宽度达92°.由于阵列当中互耦的影响,阵列当中单元天线波束宽度变宽,波束宽度可达98°,能够满足阵列扫描的要求.在每个单元后接一个铁氧体移相器,再由单T形组合网络合成为1个馈电端口,制造出了K波段1×8单元相控阵天线,并给出了不同扫描角的测试结果.     

扁波导馈电的平板缝隙天线阵的带宽扩展

扁波导馈电的平板缝隙天线阵,除了馈电波导内部耦合增强以外,带宽也受到限制.文章从谱域角度分析了缝隙天线的内外场分布,在此基础上,得到了周期波导和金属波导中各模式场的功率/储能谱.计算了波导缝隙天线的Q值并分析其变化规律,解释了扁波导馈电带宽受限的原因是辐射波导内的驻波储能场增强造成的.提出了在缝隙两侧增加扼流槽的改进方案,并同样从谱域的角度分析了该方案对带宽改善的影响.将该方案应用于一个实际的SIW平板波导缝隙天线阵设计中,获得了8.1%的带宽.     

一种Ka 波段对称四波束波导缝隙行波阵列天线的设计

本文给出了一种Ka 波段对称四波束波导缝隙行波阵列天线的设计方法。该设计对经典行波阵理论进行了改进 和创新,提出将驻波阵的电流幅度分布理论应用于行波阵,推导出多波束波导缝隙的电场分布方程,实现了波导缝 隙阵列天线对称四波束配置,并具备共口径、高增益、低副瓣等优点,满足多普勒测速雷达对天线的要求。HFSS 软件仿真测量结果验证了该设计的正确性。     

A self-steering planar array antenna for satellite broadcastreception

The active planar array antenna offers a number of advantages, including use as a portable antenna for easy reception of direct Ku-band satellite television broadcasts. This paper presents a newly developed active planar array antenna which provides electronic beam-tracking without mechanical tracking equipment. The features of the antenna are: (1) use of a series-parallel fed microstrip array, (2) electromagnetically excited array by a coplanar patch connected to the coplanar waveguide, and (3) low noise down-converters and self-phasing units incorporated into the feed circuits for electronic beam-tracking. The paper discusses the design of the coplanar waveguide fed coplanar patch and the configuration of a self-phasing active planar array antenna. The measured gain of the experimental 9-element unit array antenna without active devices is 13.4 dBi at 11.85 GHz. Experimental results for a 216-element self-steering planar array of size 147×220.5 mm are also presented     

X 波段加膜片式单脊波导裂缝天线的研究

等效导纳值是波导宽边纵缝天线的关键设计参数。为克服传统波导裂缝天线副瓣偏高、设计效率低下等问题,本文提出了一种单脊波导裂缝天线的改进设计方法,在传统波导裂缝阵列天线设计的基础上,利用等效导纳值对天线等效电路的影响,在裂缝单元下增加金属膜片,通过改变金属膜片的高度,优化裂缝等效导纳值,使得每个裂缝口径场分布更加接近于理论设计值,并在设计过程中使用牛顿迭代法提取导纳进一步缩短设计时间。通过设计实例表明:应用此方法设计单脊波导裂缝天线能够有效抑制副瓣电平,天线方位面副瓣电平可达到-30 dB 以下;在满足主要指标要求的前提下,设计效率显著提升。     

折叠波导缝隙阵天线的展开形变及辐射特性研究

折叠波导缝隙阵天线在太空中展开时可能产生的应力形变会影响其辐射特性,因此在设计时需要充分研究形变的机理和可能产生的影响.本文首先分析和计算薄膜波导在展开时受到拉伸而可能产生的形变,然后分析了形变带来的波导特性阻抗等的变化,以及由此导致的波导缝隙阵天线的驻波、增益以及副瓣电平等辐射特性的变化.该分析方法联系了波导所受外力和电磁场特性之间的关系,为实际工程提供有益的理论指导.     

A back-to-back rectangular-patch antenna fed by a CPW

The configuration of a back-to-back rectangular-patch antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) is proposed. The characteristics of the proposed antenna element were clarified by experiments. The radiation patterns and input impedances were measured as parameters of the widths of the rectangular patch and the substrate. Experimental results for an array antenna using the proposed back-to-back rectangular-patch antenna element are described. Good omnidirectional radiation patterns and input impedance characteristics were obtained. The proposed array antenna is suitable for microcellular, wireless LAN, and indoor radio systems     

Design of an Efficient X-Band Waveguide-Fed Microstrip Patch Array

The design and fabrication of a 10.5 GHz microstrip patch array fed by a waveguide is presented. The gain of this antenna is 29 dB and its efficiency is 65%. Commonly, the efficiency of conventional microstrip arrays at X-band is not more than 50%. This antenna demonstrates the ability to accomplish a very high efficiency at X-band in a simple structure. This is achieved by using a slotted waveguide to feed the planar array. To allow symmetrical feed of this antenna, the waveguide is a center-fed slotted waveguide, the two ends of which are shorted. The design procedure is expatiated, which contains the study and design of the waveguide-fed subarray structure and of the coax-to- waveguide transition structure. For designing this entire antenna, a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software CST Microwave Studio is applied. Good agreement is achieved between measurement and simulation results.     

60 GHz band radial line slot array antenna fed by rectangularwaveguide

A single-layered radial line slot array (SL-RLSA) antenna etched on a substrate and fed by a rectangular waveguide is presented in the 60 GHz band. The design curves are obtained by an efficient electromagnetic coupling analysis using Ewald sum technique and Shanks' transformation. The antenna has rectangular waveguide feed structure using a rectangular waveguide-to-radial line transition. The prototype antenna of 10 cm diameter was tested and the gain of 30 dBi was measured at 60 GHz     

基于复合介质结构的圆波导高增益阵列天线研究

该文提出了一种基于复合介质结构覆层来提高圆波导天线阵列增益的新方法,利用数值分析方法对异向介质结构和基于异向介质结构圆波导高增益天线阵列的电磁特性进行了数值仿真研究,并将它们与传统圆波导天线阵列进行了比较。结果表明, 应用这种复合介质覆层结构可以有效地实现辐射能量的聚集,从而提高了天线阵列的增益,降低了天线阵列副瓣电平,有效地改善了天线阵列的辐射特性。     

Light-controlled semiconductor waveguide antenna

A rectangular dielectric waveguide of intrinsic semiconductor material has been investigated for an application in the 30?40 GHz range. The resistivity of the semiconductor material has locally been changed by GaAs-laser-beam illumination. Depending on the pattern and intensity of the light spot, the generated waveguide inhomogeneity behaves essentially as a termination, a short circuit or an antenna element. This effect can be controlled in position and time. Hence the optically controlled waveguide can be used either as an antenna for fast aperture scanning or as a simple optoelectronically tuned antenna array.     

Ka-band Dielectric Waveguide Antenna Array for Millimeter Wave Active Imaging System

Ka-band compact dielectric waveguide antenna array for active imaging system is given. Antenna array with WR28 metal waveguide direct feeding is specially designed with small size, high gain, good radiation pattern, easy realization, low insertion loss and low mutual coupling. One practical antenna array for 3-D active imaging system is shown with theoretic analysis and experimental results. The mutual coupling of transmitting and receiving units is less than -30dB, the gain from 26.5GHz to 40GHz is (12-16) dB. The results in this paper provide guidelines for the designing of millimeter wave dielectric waveguide antenna array.     

X波段矩形波导相控阵天线

本文给出X波段矩形波导相控阵天线的研制结果。将该天线作为电磁场边界值问题求解,建立了以孔径切向电场为未知函数的积分方程。经矩法处理后,在DJS-6型电子计算机上得到了数值解。制作了115元的无源小阵列。测量了阵单元方向图,加工了两个H面波导模拟器:HIC14和HIC29,进行了测试。宽角匹配介质板和孔径上匹配膜片的参数是通过理论计算和试验调整确定的。理论计算结果与测量结果相近。在86009600MHz频段和60扫描圆锥体内,天线的输入电压驻波比VSWR2。     

Aperture Coupled Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna Array Fed by Dielectric Image Guide

This paper presents the design of a rectangular dielectric resonator antenna array coupled to narrow slot apertures that are fed by dielectric image guide (DIG). The DIG is excited by an X-band rectangular waveguide through a waveguide transition, and DIG tapering is used to match between the waveguide and the DIG. Reflection cancelling slots are added near the original slots to improve impedance matching. Since the slots radiate in both directions, a reflecting conducting plate is inserted above the DIG to decrease the back radiation of the antenna. The antenna is fabricated and the measured results are compared to the simulated results.      

Leaky-Wave Slot Array Antenna Fed by a Dual Reflector System

A leaky-wave slot array antenna fed by a dual offset Gregorian reflector system is realized by pins in a parallel plate waveguide. The radiating part of the antenna is composed by parallel slots etched on one side of the same parallel plate waveguide. The dual offset Gregorian reflector system is fed by an arrangement constituted by two vias and a grid, also constituted by pins. Also this feed arrangement realizes a leaky type of radiation, this time inside the parallel plate waveguide. A prototype of the antenna has been designed, manufactured and successfully tested. The low profile, low cost and high efficiency of the antenna render it suited for a variety of radar or telecom applications.     

毫米波车地通信的小型化波导螺旋阵列天线设计

高速磁浮列车毫米波车地通信系统要求其车载天线具有小型化、宽频带、圆极化和辐射扇形波束等特点。为更好地满足这些要求,设计一种中心馈电的小型化波导螺旋阵列天线。该天线馈电系统采用同轴波导中心馈电、4路矩形波导并馈的形式,通过改变馈电波导尺寸、耦合探针长度以及末端采用波导同轴转换器等形式,实现了所有单元的等幅馈电;天线单元由低剖面螺旋天线构成,采用顺序旋转技术改善天线的圆极化性能。利用全波电磁仿真软件设计了一款中心频率为38 GHz的28单元波导螺旋阵列天线,并进行了实验测试。测试结果表明：在37~39 GHz频带范围内,天线驻波比小于1.41,增益大于21.7 dB,轴比小于3.6 dB,俯仰面波瓣宽度为4.5°~4.7°,方位面波瓣宽度为29°~29.7°,满足毫米波车地通信系统车载天线的设计需求。