垂直分层空时编码的直接解码和盲信道估计算法

提出了适合垂直分层空时编码结构的盲信号检测和信道估计算法,在发射端进行了预编码,并利用一种类ESPRIT算法进行了盲信号检测和信道估计。与已提出的绝大多数垂直分层空时编码结构的信号检测和信道估计算法不同,去掉了接收天线数必须大于发射天线数这一约束。计算机仿真结果显示所提出的盲信号检测和信道估计算法与非盲算法几乎有相同的性能。     

空时/频编码在OFDM系统中的应用

介绍了空时编码(STBC)和空频编码(SFBC)应用于OFDM系统,实现发射分集,并对基于梳状导频的LS(最小二乘)算法采用正交导频设计方案,把多天线信道估计转化为单天线信道估计,大大简化了运算。仿真结果表明,实现的空时和空频编码OFDM方案不仅误码性能良好,且具有系统实现复杂度低、接收机结构简单等优点。     

基于冗余预编码的STBC-SC-FDE系统的频率域盲信道估计

针对频率选择性衰落信道下空时分组编码单载波频域均衡(STBC-SC-FDE)系统的信道盲估计问题,设计了一种基于冗余预编码的频率域盲子空间信道估计算法,并讨论了算法的可辨识性条件以及去模糊度方法。该算法仅利用冗余预编码STBC-SC-FDE系统的频率域接收信号的二阶统计量即可获得系统的时域信道响应。仿真结果表明,算法稳定、可靠,具有良好的估计精度和均衡性能。     

发射分集0FDM系统中基于离散导频的信道估计方法

OFDM技术、空时编码和分集技术的联合可以实现无线数据的高速可靠传输.传统的多天线系统中利用训练序列来实现信道估计.本文给出了一种采用空时编码的发射分集OFDM系统中基于离散导频的信道估计方法,它可以进一步提高系统效率.仿真结果证明该算法具有很好估计性能和鲁棒性.     

浅析频率选择性信道中的微分空时编码

本文介绍了两种空-时传输机制,通过在频率选择性衰落信道上使用两根传输天线,来得到全速率和全分集非相干性.第一种机制结合了频域的OFDM微分空-时分组编码;第二种机制采用微分反时空-时分组编码,这样可以保证在不需要当前过采样或多根接收天线的情况下保证盲信道估计.     

基于预编码的MIMO—OFDM系统信道盲估计

本文提出了一种冗余线性预编码应用于多输入／多输出—正交频分复用（MIMO—OFDM）系统，根据编码结构，重构接收信号，使其中表示信道衰落的部分具有旋转不变性性质，结合子空间方法中的TLS—ESPRIT法，实现MIMO—OFDM信道的盲估计。与基于训练序列的信道估计方法相比，本文的信道估计方法不需要训练序列，因而能够节约带宽、提高频谱效率。文章最后进行了Monte Carlo仿真，仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

一种新的MIMO—OFDM系统的盲信道估计算法

深入分析了基于二阶统计特性的子空间盲信道估计算法,在分析得出MIMO—OFDM系统中的子空间盲信道估计方法不能用在发射天线数大于接收天线数这种情况下,引出了基于非冗余线性预编码的子空间盲估计算法。仿真结果表明,只要尸的取值合适,该算法就会有着很好的估计性能,并且通过分析发现,该算法的计算复杂度较小。     

基于独立分量分析的正交空时分组编码盲检测方案

通过在不同天线发射的信号之间引入时域和空域信息,正交空时分组编码(OSTBC)可以获得发射分集增益,而且可以在不牺牲带宽的情况下获得更高的编码增益。但是其译码却需要精确的信道状态信息(CSI),因此,信道信息估计的准确性严重影响系统的性能。基于独立分量分析(ICA)的盲源分离(BSS)技术可以在不进行信道估计的情况下对发射信号实现有效检测。通过利用OSTBC的正交特性,提出了2种基于ICA的盲检测方案,同时,一些基于信道估计的检测算法也被用来进行性能比较。瑞利衰落信道下的仿真结果表明,2种新方案均具有较好的系统适应性和误码率性能。     

一种基于多发射天线的差分空时编码

一般的空时编码解码时接收端需要信道状态信息（CSI）,因而必须获得精确的信道估计;而差分空时编码（DSTC）接收端解码时不需要CSI,因而不需要信道估计。在信道衰落快或信息传输速率高的情况下,实时而精确的信道估计非常困难或代价很高,此时接收端不能获得CSI,因而需要差分空时编码。文章对多发射天线的差分空时编码的编译码原理、特点和性能进行了分析和比较,并对其中的部分差分空时编码给出了具体的实例和仿真结果。     

基于过采样的六二阶归一化累积量盲均衡算法

现有盲均衡算法大多采用先辨识信道、再进行均衡的方法,但信道阶数的估计是一个难点。将高阶归一化累积量用于盲均衡,提出一种基于过采样的六二阶归一化累积量盲均衡算法。该算法不需要辨识信道和估计信道阶数,只对接收信号的六二阶归一化累积量进行优化。仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。     

(Semi-)blind channel estimation for space time block coded system with transmit diversity

This paper deals with a blind channel estimation method for space-time coded block transmission system. By concatenating the real part and imaginary part of the received signal to form an elongated vector, we derive an equivalent input–output system model. Then channel state information (CSI) is blindly estimated using subspace method, utilizing only the redundancy inherent in space-time block coding (STBC) and cyclic prefix (CP). The estimation ambiguity, which is common to all blind methods, is analyzed in detail and we prove that there only exist four scalar indeterminacies. Three effective methods to eliminate the ambiguities are also proposed. Compared with other blind channel estimation methods for space time systems, this method needs neither redundant precoding nor oversampling, and thus has higher data rate. Besides, this method is robust to channel order overestimation, which is effectively demonstrated by numerical simulations. This work was supported by NSFC (60496310, 60672093), NSFJS(BK2005061) and BK2005061.     

MIMO-OFDM系统中信道盲估计与检测

针对MIMO-OFDM系统,提出了一种基于子空间的盲信道估计与检测方案,该算法将阵列信号处理的思想应用到MIMO-OFDM系统中,通过发送端信号的冗余编码,利用一种类ESPRIT算法进行盲信号检测和信道估计。仿真结果表明该算法的有效性及其信道盲估计方法的性能。     

Space-Time Blind Multiuser Detection for Multiuser DS-CDMA and Oversampled Systems

Novel space-time blind multiuser detection method for multiuser DS-CDMA and oversampled systems is presented. To achieve signal recovery, Khatri-Rao product structure of the space-time channel matrix of received signals and rank-1 projection strategy are exploited. Two blind signal detection algorithms based on Khatri-Rao product decomposition are proposed. Uniqueness of the Khatri-Rao decomposition is discussed. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms have performance close to the non-blind Zero Forcing algorithm and still work well in the case of only few antennae in the receiving end.     

使用接收分集的确定性OFDM盲信道估计算法

本文针对无循环前缀的OFDM系统研究了非数据辅助的信道估计方法.借助于2个接收天线实现的信道分集,提出了一个确定性信道盲估计算法,并给出了信道可辨识性条件.该算法使用1个OFDM块便可在一个标量模糊因子的意义上确定信道冲激响应.算法计算量小,而且对输入信号的星座和统计特性没有约束.仿真结果证实了算法的有效性.     

Finite-alphabet based channel estimation for OFDM and relatedmulticarrier systems

Novel blind channel estimators based on the finite alphabet property of information symbols are derived in this paper for OFDM and related multicarrier code-division multiple access (MC-CDMA) systems. The resulting algorithms are applicable not only to standard OFDM transmitters with cyclic prefix, but also to the zero padded OFDM transmissions that improve symbol recovery at the expense of altering the transmitter and complicating the equalizer. Based on FFT-processed received data, channel identifiability is guaranteed regardless of channel zero locations and various channel estimation algorithms become available by trading on the complexity for performance. Unlike existing blind channel estimators, the proposed alternatives require short data records especially for PSK transmissions. The inherent scalar ambiguity is easily resolved because it has unit amplitude and phase values drawn from a finite set. Decoupling channel from symbol estimation enables a phase-directed operation that improves upon decision-directed schemes that are known to suffer from error propagation. Practical issues are also addressed including the presence of frequency guard intervals, constellation and power loading, various frame designs, coded transmissions as well as semi-blind and online implementations for systems with training sequences. The algorithms are tested with simulations and also compared with existing alternatives in a realistic HIPERLAN/2 setting     

Subspace-based (semi-) blind channel estimation for block precodedspace-time OFDM

Space time coding has by now been well documented as an attractive means of achieving high data rate transmissions with diversity and coding gains, provided that the underlying propagation channels can be accounted for. We rely on redundant linear precoding to develop a (semi-)blind channel estimation algorithm for space time (ST) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmissions with Alamouti's (see IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., vol.16, p.1451-58, Oct. 1998) block code applied on each subcarrier. We establish that multichannel identifiability is guaranteed up to one or two scalar ambiguities, regardless of the channel zero locations and the underlying signal constellations, when distinct or identical precoders are employed for even and odd indexed symbol blocks. With known pilots inserted either before or after precoding, we resolve the residual scalar ambiguities and show that distinct precoders require half the number of pilots than identical precoders to achieve the same channel estimation accuracy. Simulation results confirm our theoretical analysis and illustrate that the proposed semi-blind algorithm is capable of tracking slow channel variations and improving the overall system performance relative to competing differential ST alternatives     

Semiblind channel estimation and equalization for MIMO space-time coded OFDM

Based on the special features of space-time coding (STC) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), it is mathematically proved that all channel responses of a multiple-input-multiple-output STC-OFDM system can be identified blindly subject to two ambiguity matrices with a subspace-based method. A method is then presented to resolve the two ambiguity matrices by using few pilot symbols. With the estimated channels, a frequency domain approach is presented to recover the transmitted symbols. The presented semiblind algorithms are valid even if the channel transfer functions are not coprime and do not require precise channel order information (only an upper bound for the orders is required).     

Blind Integer Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation for OFDM Systems with Constant Modulus Signaling

This paper presents a blind integer carrier frequency offset (IFO) estimator for the constant modulus (CM) signaling based OFDM systems. The key idea behind this method is a power reallocation technique which modifies the power of data in some predefined subcarriers over two consecutive OFDM symbols, thus the IFO can be estimated in the receiver via analyzing the distribution of these subcarriers. Instead of the exhaustive search, a low-complexity algorithm is proposed. The selection criterions of these predefined subcarriers are carefully designed and more than two OFDM symbols are employed to improve the robustness of this method to the multipath effect. Furthermore, this method can be applicable in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) OFDM systems with the orthogonal space-time block coding (OSTBC).     

MIMO-OFDM系统中信道估计技术的性能评估

本文给出了MIMO-OFDM系统中的三种信道估计算法,详细的分析与比较了这几种算法在估计均方误差、实现复杂度、跟踪速度以及频带效率等方面的性能,最后通过MATLAB仿真试验对其进行了验证.