Sinusoidal frequency doubler and full-wave rectifier usingtranslinear current conveyor

A simple circuit design technique for realising both a sinusoidal frequency doubler and a full-wave rectifier, employing a translinear current conveyor and current mirrors as active circuit elements, is proposed. The implementation method uses the inherited translinear loop of the translinear current conveyor to perform frequency doubling and rectification. The performance of the scheme is demonstrated by PSPICE simulations     

Dual translinear sinusoidal frequency doubler and full-wave rectifier

In this article, an integrable circuit principle which can be employed to realize both a sinusoidal frequency doubler and a full-wave rectifier is presented. The realization method makes use of a dual translinear characteristic of bipolar junction transistors. Two implementation circuits are proposed and their performance are demonstrated by experimental results.     

Electronically tunable multiphase sinusoidal oscillator using translinear current conveyors

A new electronically tunable current-mode multiphase sinusoidal oscillator based on translinear current conveyors is presented. The proposed oscillator circuit, which employs only one translinear current conveyor and one grounded capacitor for each phase, can generate arbitrary N output current equal-amplitude signals that are equally spaced in phase (N being even or odd), all at high output impedance terminals. The frequency of oscillation and the condition of oscillation can be controlled electronically and independently through the bias current of the translinear current conveyor. The proposed structure also has simple circuitry, low-component count, and is highly suitable for integrated circuit implementation. The theoretical results were verified by PSPICE simulation. In addition, the modification of the N sinusoidal oscillators to construct a programmable multiphase oscillator is also discussed.     

Voltage-mode full-wave rectifier based on DXCCII

The paper deals with the design and performance analyses of a current conveyor based voltage-mode full-wave rectifier. In the structure of the proposed non-linear circuit the second-generation current conveyor and dual-X current conveyor have been used as active elements. In the circuit the current sourcing scheme of the diodes is used to enable high-frequency signal processing. Except the active elements and only two rectifying diodes, other two resistors are required, generally operating as simple voltage-to-current and current-to-voltage converters. Using the CMOS implementation of the active elements, the performance of the rectifier was analyzed by evaluating the frequency dependent RMS error and DC transient value for different values of input voltage magnitudes. Furthermore, using readily available integrated circuits, the performance of the proposed structure has also been verified by experimental measurements that show the feasibility of the voltage-mode full-wave rectifier.     

一种新型X射线发生器电源设计

设计了一种新型X射线发生器电源,应用高频开关电源技术、高压倍压整流技术与单片机控制技术,成功研制出一台额定电压160 kV,管电流0.4 mA~1.2 mA的用于安检设备的X射线发生器。介绍了X射线发生器的应用场合、工作原理、主要设计思想及国内外研究现状;详细介绍了设计的X射线发生器电源的功能构成,阐述了高压与灯丝高频逆变电路、高压倍压整流电路以及控制系统的拓扑结构、设计过程和仿真结果;最后给出了试验结果以及与安检系统进行联试的扫描图像,测试结果表明,其技术指标达到安检设备用X射线发生器的要求。     

Translinear root-difference-of-squares circuit

A simple translinear circuit is proposed to provide analogue root-difference-of-squares operation. Fully compatible with s.i.c. technology, the circuit can be used for r.m.s. subtraction, magnitude sine-to-cosine conversion and frequency doubling. Experimental results are presented to support the theory.     

Sinusoidal frequency doubler

A translinear circuit is described that can perform exact frequency doubling, free of any d.c. component and with linear amplitude transfer. The basic circuit consists of matched-transistor monolithic arrays. Theory and circuit operation with results are given.     

A SiGe HBT Translinear Harmonic Mixer

A novel even-order harmonic mixer is proposed. Based on the translinear loop of BJT/HBTs, frequency doubling and single-to-differential conversion circuits have been employed in the design of harmonic mixer. The proposed mixer has been verified in a SiGe HBT process by SpectreRF simulations.     

A novel method for elimination of line-current harmonics insingle-stage PFC switching regulators

This paper studies a particular single-stage power-factor-correction (PFC) switching regulator employing a discontinuous-conduction-mode (DCM) boost-input cell and a continuous-current-mode (CCM) forward output cell. Although this single-stage PFC regulator can provide a reasonably high power factor when its PFC stage is operating in discontinuous mode, substantial reduction in line-current harmonics is possible by applying a suitable frequency-modulation scheme. This paper derives a frequency-modulation scheme and proposes a practical implementation using a simple translinear analog circuit. A quantitative analysis on the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the line current when the circuit is subject to a limited range of frequency variations is presented along with some considerations for practical design. Experimental data obtained from a prototype confirms the effectiveness of the proposed frequency-modulation scheme. The proposed analog translinear circuit allows custom integrated circuit implementation, making it a viable low-cost solution to the elimination of line-current harmonics in switching regulators     

A new peak detector based on usage of second-generation current conveyors

A new precision peak detector (full-wave rectifier) of input sinusoidal signals, which employs four two second-generation current conveyors and five metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors, is presented in this paper. The circuit gives a dc output voltage that is the peak input voltage over a wide frequency range, with a very low ripple voltage and low harmonic distortion. The proposed circuits use an all-pass filter as a 90° phase shifter of the processed input signal. The results of the calculations are verified using SPICE simulations.     

A new tunable current-mode peak detector

The paper presents a completely new realization of peak detector/full-wave rectifier of input sinusoidal signals employing four CCCIIs (controlled current conveyors), metal-oxide–semiconductor transistors and a single grounded capacitor, without any external resistors and components matching the requirements. The circuit gives a DC output voltage that is the peak input voltage over a wide frequency range, with a very low ripple voltage and low harmonic distortion. The proposed circuit uses an all-pass filter as a 90° phase shifter of the square value of the processed input signal. The proposed circuit is very appropriate to be further developed into integrated circuits. To verify the theoretical analysis, the circuit HSPICE simulations were also included, showing good agreement with the theory.     

A 1-V Class-AB Translinear Integrator for Filter Applications

In this paper, the design and measurements of a 1-volt class-AB instantaneous companding translinear integrator are presented. The use of instantaneous companding and class-AB operation gives an improvement of the dynamic range and a reduction of the power consumption. The proposed circuit uses only bipolar transistors and one capacitor and is, therefore, very well suited for integrated implementation. Its unity-gain frequency can easily be controlled by a current. Simulations and measurements of a semicustom realization, to be applied in a hearing instrument, confirm correct operation of the designed circuit. The translinear integrator operates from a single supply voltage down to 0.95 V. The current consumption is less than 1.9 A for an input current of 180 nA (p). The dynamic range is better than 73 dB over a bandwidth of 8 kHz.     

A 1.2 V current-mode true RMS-DC converter based on the floating gate MOS translinear principle

A current-mode true RMS-DC converter based on a novel synthesis of translinear loop squarer/divider and simplified current-mode low-pass filter is presented. The circuit employs floating gate MOSFETs that operate in strong inverted saturation region for electronically simulated translinear loop. The converter features very low supply voltage (1.2 V), two-quadrant input current, immunity from body effect, low circuit complexity, and wide input dynamic range. Simulation results by HSPICE show high performance of the circuit and confirm the validity of the proposed design technique.     

New electronically tunable current-mode universal biquad filter using translinear current conveyors

In this study, a new electronically tunable current-mode universal filter with two inputs and two outputs employing one translinear current conveyor, one translinear current conveyor with controlled current gain and two grounded capacitors is presented. The proposed circuit offers the following attractive features: realisation of low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, band-stop and all-pass current responses from the same configuration; employment of the minimum active and passive components; no requirement of component matching conditions; independent current-control of the parameters natural frequency (ω_o) and quality factor (Q); low active and passive sensitivities; and high impedance output. The characteristics of the proposed circuit are simulated using PSPICE to confirm the theory.     

High-performance aperiodic frequency multiplying

A circuit is described that multiplies the frequency of a sinusoidal signal by a factor of 3 (and even of 5) yet maintains the input/output amplitude ratio strictly constant over a large range. A special translinear configuration was designed and used, together with commercially available analogue multipliers, to build the circuit. Experimental measurements are presented to illustrate its interesting performance.     

A high-performance full-wave rectifier circuit

A new circuit that enables basic operational amplifiers (op amps) such as the LM741 to produce precise full-wave rectification for frequencies up to and exceeding 100 kHz without waveform distortion is presented. The circuit is based on a standard op amp precise rectifier that is modified by the inclusion of a current conveyor to improve the rectifying process.     

Application of the translinear principle in digital circuits

The translinear principle, which is useful in the design of analog integrated circuits, can also be applied to the design of digital integrated circuits. As an example of this technique, a new nonsaturating bistable element is described, which operates according to the translinear principle and which is realizable with standard bipolar integrated circuit processes. The circuit can operate over a wide range of supply current from some milliamperes down to below 1 nA.     

跨导线性MDDCCⅡ电路

提出了一个跨导线性MDDCCII电路,该电路全部由双极型晶体管构成。详细分析了其工作原理,并对该电路进行了硬件实验。该电路在0～1.5MHz以很小的跟踪误差满足MDDCCII理想端口特性,其中电压跟踪误差为0.01,同相电流跟踪误差为0.01,反相电流跟踪误差为0.02。作为应用,根据该MDDCCII电路构成了多功能二阶低通和高通滤波器电路,并对滤波器进行了硬件实验。     

A wide-tunable translinear second-order oscillator

This paper describes the design and measurement of a translinear second-order oscillator. The circuit is a direct implementation of a nonlinear second-order differential equation and follows from a recently developed synthesis method for dynamic translinear circuits. It comprises only two capacitors and a handful of bipolar transistors and can be instantaneously controlled over a very wide frequency range by only one control current, which indicates its suitability for spread-spectrum communications. Its total harmonic distortion can be made small by the design, which enables fully integrated transmitters. A semicustom test chip, fabricated in a standard 2-μm, 7-GHz, bipolar IC process, operates from a single supply voltage, which can be as low as 2 V and oscillates over six decades of frequency with -31 dB total harmonic distortion     

Integrable CMOS sinusoidal frequency doubler and full-wave rectifier

A CMOS integrable circuit technique for the realization of both a sinusoidal frequency doubler and a full-wave rectifier is described in this paper. The realization method makes use of the characteristic of a simple CMOS class AB amplifier configuration. Simulation and experimental results demonstrating the circuit performance are also included.