光突发交换网络中的传输控制协议性能

光突发交换(OBS)是IP over WDM核心网络采用的交换技术。在OBS网络中,送往同一边缘节点的IP分组汇聚成传输和交换的基本单元———数据突发(DB),DB丢弃会导致大量IP分组丢失,显著影响传输层的性能。文中分析OBS网络的参数对传输控制协议(TCP)吞吐量和时延的影响。仿真结果表明,DB丢包率越高,TCP性能越差。在低丢包率情况下,随着DB长度的增加,TCP吞吐量和端到端时延明显增加,高丢包率情况下则不明显;随着汇聚周期的增加,TCP吞吐量逐渐下降,端到端时延逐渐增加。     

光分组交换网的TCP性能研究

与传统光网络相比,光分组交换(OPS)网络具有高速、大吞吐量、低时延和能高效地承载IP业务等突出优点.而作为支撑下一代Internet发展的最有希望的骨干光网络,OPS网与传输控制协议/互联网协议(TCP/IP)的兼容性和支持度是一个值得深入研究的课题.文章以光突发交换(OBS)网为模型,对OPS网络中的TCP传输性能进行了研究.     

一种用于光突发交换网络的队列调度算法

提出一种突发控制分组队列的最小偏置时间调度算法,并通过建立模型对该算法和先进先出队列FIFO的性能进行了仿真比较,仿真结果表明该算法能够尽量减小突发控制分组在路由器队列中的阻塞,减小了突发控制分组的节点延时,从而降低了丢包的可能性,提高了网络的吞吐量。     

一种考虑无线链路突发差错的TCP流量新解析模型

该文提出新的TCP流量理论分析模型,研究无线链路突发差错引起的分组丢失对TCP流量性能的影响。理论分析及数值仿真结果表明,该解析模型是合理的,既有较准确的分析结果,又降低了复杂度。同时,还表明在慢衰落信道中相关性越强,TCP流量越大,独立同分布信道的TCP流量是下界,即物理信道相关性对TCP流量是有利的。     

一种支持QoS的OBS网络数据信道调度协议

综合考虑了突发包所经历跳数和突发包的长度等因素,文章给出了一种新型的支持服务质量(QoS)的光突发交换(OBS)数据信道调度协议--考虑跳数的改进型JET模式下的优先级抢占(H-PPJET)协议.文章在OBS网络环境中对H-PPJET协议进行了仿真,并与JET模式下的优先级抢占(PPJET)协议进行了对比,仿真结果表明,H-PPJET协议改善了网络的吞吐量和丢包率性能.     

一种自适应cdma2000无线链路层重传算法

TCP应用是3G无线网络中常用的分组数据业务,而无线网络较大的物理层帧差错率(FER)是影响网络性能的一个主要因素,链路层重传技术是改善网络性能因无线信道误码率大而下降的一项重要措施。主要研究cdma2000中链路层重传技术对无线TCP数据传输的影响。提出一种能改善TCP传输性能的自适应链路层重传算法。通过OPNET仿真工具对该重传算法进行仿真,验证了该算法在一定程度上能提高cdma2000无线网络中的TCP数据传输吞吐量。     

传输层网络编码性能分析

底层网络随机丢包导致的传输控制协议(TCP)传输性能恶化的问题由来已久.为了保障TCP的吞吐量在无线网络环境下依然能够保持在较好的性能,通过分析传输层网络编码(TCP/NC)协议的基本原理,分别利用NS-2搭建了软件仿真平台和Wi-Fi开发板搭建了硬件仿真平台.在2种平台上分别测试了传输层网络编码的性能并且分析了TCP的拥塞窗口和吞吐量性能.实验结果表明:传输层网络编码能够有效克服底层的随机丢包带来的影响,提升TCP吞吐量.     

一种能有效支持QoS的光突发装配技术

提出了一种新的光突发装配技术，目的在于增强光突发交换(OBS)网络的服务质量(QoS)能力。该技术由自适应门限突发装配算法和基于优先级的随机化的偏移时间设置方案构成。该装配算法特别适合于多类别分组混合装配，能让所有类别的分组公平有效地使用装配能力，能较好地与IP层的QoS机制相匹配。偏移设置方案将突发控制分组(BCP)与突发数据(BP)间的偏移时间分成QoS偏移和随机偏移，前者由改进的JET协议按照有选择性的突发段丢弃机制(BSSD)确定，后者则由令牌桶机制确定。BSSD仅丢弃包含有低类别分组的突发段，而非整个突发。计算机仿真结果表明，本文提出的突发装配技术在性能上具有优越性。     

ROBS:光突发交换的可靠传输机制

提出了一种新型的光突发交换网络结构模型-可靠光突发交换(ROBS).介绍了该模型的网络结构及基本原理,讨论了在光层上引入的TCP的拥塞控制特性与重传机制.仿真结果显示了突发备份时间(lifetime)、负载率的不同对ROBS网络性能造成的影响.     

民航移动通信中TCP协议的改进

针对民航移动通信中民航客机内移动终端与地面用户端到端通信的大时延、高随机误码和突发误码的特点,在TCP Veno的基础上提出了增大初始发送速率,拥塞快速恢复,突发误码快速恢复等优化策略。用OPNET将本文算法与Veno进行了仿真比较,仿真结果表明,本文算法较好地克服了大时延和突发误码丢包问题,显著提高了TCP吞吐量。     

Research in optical burst switching within the e-Photon/ONe network of excellence

This paper presents a summary of Optical Burst Switching (OBS) research within the VI framework program e-Photon/ONe network of excellence. The paper includes network aspects such as routing techniques, resilience and contention resolution, together with burst switch architectures. On the other hand, we also discuss traffic analysis issues, Quality of Service (QoS) schemes, TCP/IP over OBS and physical layer aspects for OBS.     

OBS网络中冲突解决方法研究

在OBS网络中,当两个或多个突发包要求在同一时刻,同一输出端口的同一波长上预留资源时．就会产生突发数据包的资源竞争。如何解决资源竞争问题是OBS技术能否最终走向实际应用的关键技术之一。文章首先介绍OBS的基本原理、网络结构、OBS网络的资源预约机制、边缘路由器的封装机制和资源调度机制,接着研究解决OBS网络中突发数据包之间争夺链路资源问题的竞争解决机制,随后详细的给出四种竞争解决方案：光缓存、波长转换、偏射路由和突发分段丢弃,并分析了它们的性能。在此基础上,文章最后提出了各种资源竞争解决方案相结合的联合解决机制的思想。     

Performance evaluation of high speed TCP over optical burst switching networks

Study of TCP performance over OBS networks has been an important problem of research lately and it was found that due to the congestion control mechanism of TCP and the inherent bursty losses in the Optical Burst Switching (OBS) network, the throughput of TCP connections degrade. On the other hand, High Speed TCP (HSTCP) was proposed as an alternative to the use of TCP in high bandwidth-delay product networks. HSTCP aggressively increases the congestion window used in TCP, when the available bandwidth is high and decreases the window cautiously in response to a congestion event. In this work, we make a thorough simulation study of HSTCP over OBS networks. While the earlier works in the literature used a linear chain of nodes as the network topology for the simulation, we use the popular 14-node NSFNET topology that represents an arbitrary mesh network in our study. We also study the performance of HSTCP over OBS for different bandwidths of access networks. We use two different cases for simulations where in the first HSTCP connections are routed on disjoint paths while in the second they contend for resources in the network links. These cases of simulations along with the mesh topology help us clearly distinguish between the congestion and contention losses in the OBS network and their effect on HSTCP throughput. For completeness of study, we also simulate TCP traffic over OBS networks in all these cases and compare its throughput with that of HSTCP. We observe that irrespective of the access network bandwidth and the burst loss rate in the network, HSTCP outperforms TCP in terms of the throughput and robustness against multiple burst losses up to the expected theoretical burst loss probability of 10⁻³.     

支持QoS的自适应门限复合光突发装配技术

该文提出了一种新的光突发装配技术,该技术由自适应门限突发装配算法和基于优先级的随机 化的偏移时间设置方案构成.该装配算法特别适合于多类别分组混合装配,能让所有类别的分组公平有效地使用装配能力,能较好地与IP层的QoS机制相匹配。计算机仿真结果表明该文提出的光突发装配技术在性能上具有一定优越性.     

TCP Window-Based Flow-Oriented Dynamic Assembly Algorithm for OBS Networks

In transport control protocol (TCP) over optical burst switching (OBS) networks, TCP window size and OBS parameters, including assembly period and burst dropping probability, will impact the network performance. In this paper, a parameter window data dropping probability(WDDP), is defined to analyze the impact of the assembly and the burst loss on the network performance in terms of the round trip time and the throughput. To reduce the WDDP without introducing the extra assembly delay penalty, we propose a novel TCP window based flow-oriented assembly algorithm dynamic assembly period (DAP). In the traditional OBS assembly algorithms, the packets with the same destination and class of service (CoS) are assembled into the same burst, i.e., the packets from different sources will be assembled into one burst. In that case, one burst loss will influence multiple TCP sources. In DAP, the packets from one TCP connection are assembled into bursts, which can avoid the above situation. Through comparing the two consecutive burst lengths, DAP can track the variation of TCP window dynamically and update the assembly period for the next assembly. In addition, the ingress node architecture for the flow-oriented assembly is designed. The performance of DAP is evaluated and compared with that of fixed assembly period (FAP) over a single TCP connection and multiple TCP connections. The results show that DAP performs better than FAP at almost the whole range of burst dropping probability.     

在OBS网络中改进TCP性能的高效机制

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) performance over Optical Burst Switching (OBS) is experimentally investigated on an OBS network testbed, concluding that burst losses will lead to a significant drop in the available TCP bandwidth. Two mechanisms are introduced to improve TCP performance. One is concerning the burst assembly optimization and another is based on the novel assembly and scheduling mechanism to reduce the burst losses.     

Amplification effects of the send rate of TCP connection through an optical burst switching network

This paper investigates support for TCP RENO flows in an Optical Burst Switching (OBS) network. In particular we evaluate the TCP send-rate, i.e., the amount of data sent per time unit taking into account the burst assembly mechanism at the edge nodes of the OBS network and burst loss events inside the network. The analysis demonstrates an interesting phenomenon, that we call correlation benefit. This phenomenon is introduced by the aggregation mechanism and can give rise, in some conditions, to a significant increase in the TCP send-rate. These results are obtained by means of an analytical model, based on a Markovian approach, and have been validated via an intensive simulation campaign.     

OBS网络的TCP性能分析与改进

光突发交换(OBS，Optical Burst Switch)是下一代IP-over-DWDM光网络最有前途的解决方案之一。Burst组装算法和数据通道调度算法是OBS网络的关键技术，TCP协议是当前主要的传输层协议。该文对OBS网络的TCP性能进行分析，并提出了基于源地址集的组装算法和ACK优先调度算法。仿真结果表明使用该算法可以显著改善OBS网络的TCP性能。