一种基于空时分组编码的MIMO-OFDM系统接收空间分集方案

文献[1]提出了一种使用正交设计的单输入多输出正交频分复用(SIMO-OFDM)系统的空间分集接收结构,目的是为了减少接收端DFT块的数目以降低系统复杂度和减少功率消耗。由于在线性处理过程中噪声叠加的影响,造成了一定的性能损失。本文提出了一种基于空时分组编码的多输入多输出OFDM(MIMO-OFDM)系统空间分集接收方案,通过在文献[1]提出的分集结构中引入使用空时分组编码的发射分集,弥补了因减少DFT块数目而造成的性能损失。本文对使用空时分组编码后的处理过程进行了推导,并对使用空时编码前后的系统性能进行了仿真和比较。     

MIMO雷达测向性能研究与分析

多输入多输出（MIMO）雷达利用空间分集技术,有效地克服了目标雷达截面（RCS）起伏的影响,显著提高了雷达的性能。介绍了MIMO技术,对MIMO雷达的测向原理进行了阐述,并从不同天线阵元数目、快拍数对其系统性能进行了分析,最后对MIMO雷达的发展前景进行了展望。     

射频接收机非线性对分集与复用影响分析

分别从分单输入单输出系统(single-input single-output, SISO)与多输入多输出系统(multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO)研究了多天线系统中射频接收机非线性对通信系统性能的影响规律,发现原有对非线性分集与复用折中的定义不再适用于考虑射频接收机非线性情况,并给出了适用于考虑射频接收机非线性情况的新定义. 通过复合信道建模推导了非理想情况下分集增益的定义和中断概率表达式,仿真了考虑射频接收机非线性时多天线系统分集增益与复用增益关系曲线,得出了考虑分集与复用折中时目标速率的增长规律. 理论和仿真表明,传统的分集增益和复用增益的定义并不适用于考虑接收机非线性的实际情况,SISO系统中射频接收机非线性对分集与复用的折中影响与理想情况一样,MIMO系统中需要对原有的分集增益和复用增益进行修正才能得到分集与复用的最优折中.     

无线通信中的空时协作分集

为了解决无线通信系统中多输入多输出技术在移动终端的多天线制约问题，一种新的分集技术-协作分集技术被提出。编码协作分集可以在慢衰落环境下取得较好的性能，但在快衰落环境下性能较差，文中对编码协作分集进行了延伸，考虑了在快衰落环境下的空时编码协作分集和自适应空时编码协作分集。     

多天线系统中的多用户分集方案的性能分析及比较

在多天线多用户无线通信系统中,可以利用用户之间彼此独立的随机衰落信道的特点,结合随机波束成型技术,或者空间分集技术,或者天线选择技术,获得多用户分集增益。然而不同多用户分集方案的系统性能不尽相同。该文分析了在多输入单输出(MISO)信道中目前几种典型的多用户分集方案的性能,给出系统吞吐率的定量表达式,并综合比较了不同用户数和不同天线数对各种多用户分集方案性能的影响,为实际多天线多用户系统设计提供了有益的参考。     

多波束机会波束成形系统性能比较

研究了在多输入单输出（MISO）系统中通过加大、加快信道的波动来提高多用户分集增益的机会波束成形技术,并在此基础上研究了在每个时隙中采用多个加权矢量的多波束机会波束成形技术,着重对它们的性能作了仿真比较。结果表明,多波束机会波束成形技术可以提高系统吞吐量。     

无线局域网中的智能天线技术

针对无线局域网性能和速度等方面的不足，讨论采用智能天线技术改善无线局域网的性能．重点介绍波束切换系统、自适应阵列天线系统以及基于收、发分集的多输入多输出系统在无线局域网中的应用，给出了不同系统的结构及关键技术．最后介绍了一种实用的应用于IEEE 802．11b标准的波束切换系统．     

随机M进制正交码混合DS—SFH CDMA扩频通信系统性能分析

本文研究了随机ＭＦ是制正交码混合ＤＳ－ＳＦＨ扩频码分多址信号经过多径瑞利频率非选择性衰落信道，在非相干ＲＡＫＥ接收机中采用最大输出信噪比选择或最大输出选择接收时系统的性能；给出了两种分集接收情况下差错概率表示式。数值计算研究了分集数，Ｍ值，多用户干扰对系统性能的影响，并且对这两种分集接收情况下系统性能进行了比较。     

MIMO雷达的干扰研究

多输入多输出雷达采用了空间分集和频率分集技术,有效地克服了由于雷达截面积角闪烁带来的性能损失。文中介绍了MIMO雷达的工作原理,分析了对MIMO雷达有效干扰的两种方式:假目标欺骗干扰和分布式干扰,并对假目标欺骗干扰效果进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,只有对MIMO雷达中的所有雷达都进行干扰时,才能对MIMO雷达系统实现有效干扰。     

对统计MIMO雷达的干扰

多输入多输出（MIMO）雷达采用了空间分集和频率分集技术,克服了雷达截面（RCS）角闪烁带来的性能损失。分析了对MIMO雷达有效干扰的几种方式：多波束雷达干扰、分布式干扰、假目标欺骗干扰和网络雷达干扰。     

MIMO系统中简单的扩展空时块编码分集技术研究

本文提出一种多输入多输出（MIMO）天线系统中简单的扩展空时块编码（SSTBC）分集技术，采用沃尔什码来区分各天线发送数据子流。采用这种方法，在系统带宽一定时，不降低发送信息速率，同时接收机简单。不同天线的发送信息经过了所有收一发天线对之间的空间子信道，获得了所有路径的部分空间分集增益，仿真结果表明，这种增益的获得不受限于接收分集阶数，并且随发射天线的增加以一定的线性关系增加。     

DS－SFH扩频多址系统在瑞利衰落信道中多径分集的性能研究

本文讨论了混合ＤＳ－ＳＦＨ扩频多址ＳＳＭＡ通信系统在瑞利衰落信道中多径分集接收的性能。基于多径干扰、多址干扰和信道噪声之和为一个高斯随机变量的分析，推导了在等增益组合（ＥＧＣ）和选择最大（ＳＭ）多径分集接收算法下，扩频系统的平均差错概率。理论分析和数值模拟指出：扩频多径分集接收可以明显地改善ＤＳ－ＳＦＨＳＳＭＡ系统的性能，在提高系统性能方面，等增益组合算法优于选择最大分集算法。     

Ultra‐wideband multiple‐access relay channel with correlated noises and its diversity analysis

In this study, we investigate a new and practical model, ultra‐wideband Slepian–Wolf multiple‐access relay channel (UWB‐SW‐MARC) with correlated noises at the relay and receiver, which includes two important models, that is, UWB‐SW multiple‐access channel with correlated noises and UWB relay channel with correlated noises, as its special cases. We derive a general rate region for UWB‐SW‐MARC and obtain an outer bound for this model and, thereby, prove two certain capacity theorems for two important and different classes of MARC. Also, we analyze outage probability and diversity gain as the practically important concepts in wireless communications and prove that adding a relay to the multiple‐access channel improves the diversity gain. Finally, we evaluate some results numerically and illustrate that the noise correlation coefficient plays an important role in determining the relay position, and show that the channel performance depends on the noise variances. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A practical transmit beamforming strategy for closed‐loop MIMO communication

A new beamforming strategy is proposed for multiuser systems with N transmit antennas at the transmitter and M ? N single antenna receivers. The proposed scheme remarkably improves on the classical spatial division multiple access, and achieves the same data rates as spatial multiplexing for all users but with significantly superior performance/diversity gain. When compared with the Bell labs layered space–time system, the symbol rate is the same and the performance is much superior because of the presence of diversity gain. In addition, unlike the Bell labs layered space–time system, the receivers do not need to know each other's vector channels. Finally, the proposed algorithm is based on dirty‐paper coding, but does not require much complexity and is implementable. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

MIMO Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Multi-Carrier Multiple Access: A Novel Uplink System for B3G Cellular Networks

In this paper, we propose and give the performance of a novel uplink system based on the combination of multi-carrier (MC), code division multiple access (CDMA) and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques. First, we describe the interests of spread-spectrum multi-carrier multiple access (SS-MC-MA) scheme for uplink, especially compared to MC-CDMA. Classically, with SS-MC-MA, each user spreads its data symbols on a specific subset of adjacent or multiplexed subcarriers, to facilitate the channel estimation and reduce complexity at the reception. In order to compensate for the lack of frequency diversity of SS-MC-MA with adjacent subcarriers, we first combine it with an orthogonal space-time block code (STBC) and demonstrate the resulting spatial diversity gain. Then, we propose to allocate the subsets to the different users by applying a frequency hopping pattern (FH). In that case, each user benefits from the frequency diversity linked to the total bandwidth as with the multiplexed subcarriers solution, while keeping the advantages of the adjacent subcarriers solution. The gain provided by the use of the frequency hopping is stressed on. Finally, the performance of this scheme is evaluated over realistic MIMO channel with channel turbo coding for systems offering asymptotic spectrum efficiency of 1, 2, 3 and 4.5 bit/s/Hz. Thus, the efficiency of the novel proposed STBC FH SS-MC-MA system as a very promising multiple access and modulation scheme for the uplink of the future wideband wireless networks is successfully demonstrated.     

Outage and ergodic sum‐rate performance of cooperative MIMO‐NOMA with imperfect CSI and SIC

In this paper, we examine a half‐duplex cooperative multiple‐input multiple‐output non‐orthogonal multiple access system with imperfect channel state information (CSI) and successive interference cancelation. The base station (BS) and mobile users with multi‐antenna communicate by the assistance of a CSI based or fixed gain amplify‐and‐forward (AF) relay with a single antenna. The diversity schemes, transmit antenna selection, and maximal ratio combining are applied at the BS and mobile users, respectively. We study the system performance in terms of outage probability (OP) and ergodic sum‐rate. Accordingly, the exact OP expressions are first derived jointly for the CSI based and fixed gain AF relay cases in Nakagami‐m fading channels. Next, the corresponding lower and upper bound expressions of the OP are obtained. The high signal‐to‐noise ratio analyses are also carried out to demonstrate the error floor value resulted in the practical case and achievable diversity order and array gain in the ideal case. Moreover, the lower and upper bounds of the ergodic sum‐rate expressions are derived together for the CSI based and fixed gain AF relay cases. Finally, the Monte‐Carlo simulations are used to verify the correctness of the analytical results.     

Spatial, polarization, and pattern diversity for wireless handheldterminals

This paper examines the antenna diversity configurations that improve the performance in handheld radios. Experiments using spatial, polarization, and pattern diversity were conducted for both line-of-sight (LOS) and obstructed outdoor and indoor multipath channels that experienced Ricean fading. Antenna separation, polarization, and pattern were varied independently to the extent possible. Envelope correlation, power imbalance, and diversity gain were calculated from the measurements. Diversity performance is measured by diversity gain, which is the difference in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) between the output of a diversity combiner and the signal on a single branch, measured at a given probability level. Diversity gain increases with decreasing envelope correlation between the antenna diversity branches. However, diversity gain decreases as the power imbalance between diversity branches increases because a branch that has a weak signal has only a small contribution to the combined signal. Diversity gain values of 7-9 dB at the 99% reliability level were achieved in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) channels for all diversity configurations even with very small antenna spacings. The use of polarization diversity reduced polarization mismatches, improving SNR by up to 12 dB even in LOS channels     

自适应STBC-VBLAST系统的QRD-M检测

综合考虑多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的分集和复用增益,将STBC和VBLAST2种编码方案结合起来组成STBC-VBLAST混合系统,实现了数据传输速率和可靠性之间的折衷?根据无线信道的时变特性,自适应地调整发射天线,提高了系统的灵活性,并在接收端引入新的QRD-M译码算法?仿真结果表明,该算法进一步降低了系统误码率,提高了系统性能?     

Cayley差分酉空时码在多输入多输出电力线通信中的应用

提出了将 Cayley差分酉空时码应用于多输入多输出电力线通信系统的方案。发射端，首先将待编码的所有子流映射为斜Hermit矩阵，然后将复斜Hermit矩阵张成的线性空间映射为高度非线性Stiefel流形表征的各向同性的酉矩阵星座，并借此以差分模式通过一个分块衰落的多输入多输出电力线信道传输信号；接收端，基于表征数据流的Cauchy随机变量的无约束解，诱导出发送信号的近似线性最大似然估计。仿真结果表明，在高信噪比的条件下，本文提出的方案可实现高速率电力线数据通信。     

A novel grouped multilevel dynamic space–time trellis coding scheme

Grouped multilevel space–time trellis codes (GMLSTTCs) utilize multilevel coding, antenna grouping and STTCs for simultaneously providing coding gain, diversity improvement and increased spectral efficiency. The performance of GMLSTTCs is limited because of using predefined STTCs as component codes in multilevel coding. GMLSTTCs assume perfect channel state information (CSI) at the receiver only and do not consider the CSI at the transmitter. It has been shown that when perfect or partial CSI is available at the transmitter, the performance and capacity of a space–time coded system can be further improved. In this paper, we present new codes, designed by combining GMLSTTCs and the CSI information at the transmitter, henceforth referred to as grouped multilevel dynamic space–time trellis codes (GMLDSTTCs). A code set having different sets of generator sequences is selected that matches best with the current channel profile. The selected code set is used for generating DSTTCs. DSTTCs are used as component codes in GMLSTTCs instead of predefined STTCs to generate GMLDSTTCs. Analysis and simulation results show that GMLDSTTCs outperform GMLSTTCs. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.