一种α稳定分布噪声下OFDM信号调制识别与参数估计算法

正交频分复用（OFDM,Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple）信号的调制识别与参数估计是非协作通信领域的重要研究内容.为了解决α稳定分布噪声下OFDM信号调制识别与参数估计困难的问题,提出一种广义循环平稳的盲处理算法.该算法首先对接收信号进行非线性变换,推导出接收信号的广义循环自相关函数表达式,分析了单载波调制信号与OFDM信号的广义循环自相关函数特性,并给出了OFDM信号的广义循环自相关函数与待估参数之间的关系.然后,基于分析结论,利用广义循环自相关函数构造调制识别特征完成OFDM信号与单载波信号的调制方式自动分类;最后,针对OFDM信号的调制参数估计问题,提出了一种基于广义循环自相关函数的调制参数估计算法.理论分析与仿真结果表明,在α稳定分布噪声环境下,该算法可以有效实现OFDM信号调制识别与参数估计,且算法不依赖接收信号的先验信息,可以直接对中频接收信号进行处理.     

Highly Spectrally Efficient DWDM Transmission at 7.0 b/s/Hz Using 8 65.1-Gb/s Coherent PDM-OFDM

In this paper, we discuss the realization of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) transmission at high spectral efficiency. For this experiment, coherent polarization-division multiplexing--orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (PDM-OFDM) is used as a modulation format. PDM-OFDM uses training symbols for channel estimation. This makes OFDM easily scalable to higher level modulation formats as channel estimation is realized with training symbols that are independent of the constellation size. Furthermore, because of its well-defined spectrum OFDM requires only a small guard band between WDM channels. The dependence of the number of OFDM subcarriers is investigated with respect to the interchannel linear crosstalk. At a constant data rate the number of OFDM subcarriers is estimated to achieve lower linear crosstalk in order to achieve higher spectral efficiency. We then experimentally demonstrate dense WDM (DWDM) transmission with 7.0-b/s/Hz net spectral efficiency using 8 $,times,$65.1-Gb/s coherent PDM-OFDM signals with 8-GHz WDM channel spacing utilizing 32-quadrature-amplitude-modulation subcarrier modulation. Successful transmission is achieved over 240 km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) spans with hybrid erbium-doped fiber amplifiers/Raman amplification.      

An Efficient Scheme to Achieve Differential Unitary Space‐Time Modulation on MIMO‐OFDM Systems

Differential unitary space‐time modulation (DUSTM) has emerged as a promising technique to obtain spatial diversity without intractable channel estimation. This paper presents a study of the application of DUSTM on multiple‐input multiple‐output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO‐OFDM) systems with frequency‐selective fading channels. From the view of a correlation analysis between subcarriers of OFDM, we obtain the maximum achievable diversity of DUSTM on MIMO‐OFDM systems. Moreover, an efficient implementation strategy based on subcarrier reconstruction is proposed, which transmits all the signals of one signal matrix in one OFDM transmission and performs differential processing between two adjacent OFDM blocks. The proposed method is capable of obtaining both spatial and multipath diversity while reducing the effect of time variation of channels to a minimum. The performance improvement is confirmed by simulation results.     

自适应OFDM中信号的调制识别算法研究

针对通信信号种类和调制方式的多样性、以及无线信道环境的复杂性,研究了自适应OFDM系统中信号调制方式的识别。在自适应OFDM(正交频分复用)信号产生的基础上,提出了一种新型调制识别算法,并分析了仿真参数对算法性能的影响。研究和仿真结果表明:该算法不仅性能稳定,而且可以有效地识别自适应OFDM信号的调制方式。该算法复杂度低,适合于实时处理。     

一种CPM信号参数盲估计方法

针对非协作通信下CPM信号参数盲估计问题,提出了一种系统的有序的盲估计方法,实现了对CPM信号的载频、符号速率、调制指数和调制阶数等参数的精确估计。利用CPM信号的循环平稳特性,采用了基于周期谱的符号速率估计方法,构建了代价函数,采用联合估计法对调制指数和频偏实现了三维的精确搜索,最后实现了基于循环平稳性的CPM信号调制阶数的准确识别。理论分析与试验仿真表明,新方法具有较高的正确估计概率,且在低信噪比下也能达到较好的效果。     

OFDM信号的盲侦察技术分析

正交频分复用传输系统,以其可对抗频率选择性衰落,高频谱利用率等优点,得到了广泛的应用。论述了正交频分复用(OFDM)信号非协作接收中的某些关键算法,研究了基于循环前缀的符号同步算法及最大联合似然估计(ML)算法、基于高阶累量的OFDM信号调制样式识别算法,解决了OFDM信号和常规通信信号之间的类间信号识别问题。仿真结果进一步说明了该方法的有效性。     

Interaction between Symbol Timing Offset and Channel Interpolation in OFDM Systems: BER Analysis and Performance Degradation

In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, since the cyclic prefix (CP) is designed to be longer than the channel impulse response, there exists a certain range within the CP where symbol timing synchronization can be accomplished avoiding adjacent inter symbol interference. However, the appearance of a linear phase term across subcarriers in the frequency-domain due to symbol timing offset (STO) is known to affect the performance of channel interpolation. In this paper, we analyze the performance degradation due to the interaction between STO and channel interpolation in OFDM systems affected by multipath Rayleigh fading. Particularly, simple closed-form expressions for the bit error rate (BER) are obtained for different quadrature amplitude modulation constellations. Results show that there exists an irreducible BER floor due to STO and channel interpolation, which depends on the STO, the subcarrier index, the pilot spacing and the correlation between pilot subcarriers.     

Intercarrier interference self-cancellation scheme for OFDM mobilecommunication systems

For orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication systems, the frequency offsets in mobile radio channels distort the orthogonality between subcarriers resulting in intercarrier interference (ICI). This paper studies an efficient ICI cancellation method termed ICI self-cancellation scheme. The scheme works in two very simple steps. At the transmitter side, one data symbol is modulated onto a group of adjacent subcarriers with a group of weighting coefficients. The weighting coefficients are designed so that the ICI caused by the channel frequency errors can be minimized. At the receiver side, by linearly combining the received signals on these subcarriers with proposed coefficients, the residual ICI contained in the received signals can then be further reduced. The carrier-to-interference power ratio (CIR) can be increased by 15 and 30 dB when the group size is two or three, respectively, for a channel with a constant frequency offset. Although the redundant modulation causes a reduction in bandwidth efficiency, it can be compensated, for example, by using larger signal alphabet sizes. Simulations show that OFDM systems using the proposed ICI self-cancellation scheme perform much better than standard systems while having the same bandwidth efficiency in multipath mobile radio channels with large Doppler frequencies     

协作OFDM系统中的子载波选择算法

研究了协作正交频分复用系统的中继方案,提出了OFDM协作分集系统中的子载波选择算法,根据子信道信息,在容量准则下,选择可以提高系统容量的子载波,以放大前传的方式转发源节点信息。仿真结果表明,在中继节点功率与源节点功率较低或中继节点靠近源或目的节点时,所有子载波都采用中继传输可降低系统容量;子载波选择算法可以改善系统容量,并且选择合适的中继节点发射功率和中继位置,可以显著提高系统容量,当中继节点位于源与目的节点中点时,系统容量最大。     

QoS-Driven Jointly Optimal Subcarrier Pairing and Power Allocation for Decode-and-Forward OFDM Relay Systems

In this paper, we investigate the quality-of-service (QoS) driven subcarrier pairing and power allocation for two-hop decode-and-forward (DF) OFDM relay systems. By integrating the concept of effective capacity, our goal is to maximize the system throughput subject to a given delay-QoS constraint. Based on whether the destination can receive the signal transmitted by the source, we consider two scenarios, i.e. OFDM DF relay systems without diversity and OFDM DF relay systems with diversity, respectively. For OFDM DF relay systems without diversity, we demonstrate that the jointly optimal subcarrier pairing and power allocation can be implemented with two separate steps. For OFDM DF relay systems with diversity, we propose an iterative algorithm to achieve jointly optimal subcarrier pairing and power allocation. Furthermore, we find that the analytical results show different conclusions for the two types of OFDM relay systems. For OFDM relay systems without diversity, the optimal power allocation depend on not only the channel quality of subcarriers but also the delay QoS constraints, while the optimal subcarrier pairing just depends on the channel quality of subcarriers. For OFDM relay systems with diversity, both the optimal subcarrier pairing and power allocation depend on the channel quality of subcarriers and the delay QoS constraints. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme offers a superior performance over the existing schemes.     

Transmit power adaptation for multiuser OFDM systems

In this paper, we develop a transmit power adaptation method that maximizes the total data rate of multiuser orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems in a downlink transmission. We generally formulate the data rate maximization problem by allowing that a subcarrier could be shared by multiple users. The transmit power adaptation scheme is derived by solving the maximization problem via two steps: subcarrier assignment for users and power allocation for subcarriers. We have found that the data rate of a multiuser OFDM system is maximized when each subcarrier is assigned to only one user with the best channel gain for that subcarrier and the transmit power is distributed over the subcarriers by the water-filling policy. In order to reduce the computational complexity in calculating water-filling level in the proposed transmit power adaptation method, we also propose a simple method where users with the best channel gain for each subcarrier are selected and then the transmit power is equally distributed among the subcarriers. Results show that the total data rate for the proposed transmit power adaptation methods significantly increases with the number of users owing to the multiuser diversity effects and is greater than that for the conventional frequency-division multiple access (FDMA)-like transmit power adaptation schemes. Furthermore, we have found that the total data rate of the multiuser OFDM system with the proposed transmit power adaptation methods becomes even higher than the capacity of the AWGN channel when the number of users is large enough.     

一种有效的OFDM载波频率偏移的盲估计

导出了具有循环前缀（CP）和虚子载波的正交频分复用（OFDM）通信系统信号的薮学模型。提出了基于PM—ESPRIT算法的0FDM系统载波频率偏移（CFO）偏移不变性的估计算法。经过粗略估计,该算法可以同时获得频率偏移和包含信道信息的矩阵,它们均有利于接收信号的偏移补偿和解调。仿真结果说明了该方法是有效的。     

光纤OFDM系统中的色散补偿技术研究

为了减小光纤的色度色散对光纤正交频分复用（OFDM）系统性能的影响,提出了将无线通信中的信道估计器引入光纤OFDM系统进行信道估计的色散补偿方法。在理论上分析了光纤的色度色散对于传输OFDM信号的影响,并在实验中采用梳状导频的形式,在每个OFDM码元的特定的子载波上插入导频,在接收端通过基于最小平方（LS）原则的LS估计器进行信道估计,得到了OFDM光纤传输的信道幅度响应和相位响应,通过使用LS估计器,直接调制的光OFDM信号在单模光纤中传输200km,误比特率低于10-6 ,功率代价小于2dB。结果表明,高频子载波较低频子载波更容易受到色散的影响,在光纤OFDM系统中引入信道估计器进行信道估计能够有效补偿由色度色散带来的相位偏移和幅度衰减。     

Microwave/millimeter-wave frequency subcarrier lightwavemodulations based on self-sustained pulsation of laser diode

A method of subcarrier lightwave modulation based on the self-sustained pulsation (SSP) of laser diodes is presented. The tunable microwave/millimeter-wave frequency subcarrier is generated by the laser diode itself under proper DC biases. The subcarrier is frequency-modulated when the DC bias is superimposed with a small AC signal. No external modulation is needed. A theoretical analysis based on a double-section laser diode reveals that Hopf bifurcation is the origin of SSP. Theoretical calculations also show that the modulator has the potential of generating subcarriers up to 100 GHz by proper control of the device parameters V-channeled substrate inner-stripe (VSIS) GaAlAs laser diodes were used to generate 1-7-GHz SSP subcarriers. A preliminary subcarrier multiplexing (SCM) experiment demonstrated the transmission of 1-GHz modulation and video signals on a readily FM-modulated 6.3-GHz SSP subcarrier     

Subcarrier weighting: a method for sidelobe suppression in OFDM systems

In this letter, a method for sidelobe suppression in OFDM systems is proposed and investigated. The proposed method is based on the multiplication of the used subcarriers with subcarrier weights. The subcarrier weights are determined in such a way that the sidelobes of the transmission signal are minimized according to an optimization algorithm which allows several optimization constraints. As a result, sidelobe suppression by subcarrier weighting reduces OFDM sidelobes by more than 10 dB in the average without requiring the transmission of any side information.     

基于WFRFT的卫星信号掩盖方法研究

卫星信号掩盖技术利用具有强功率、特定参数特征的信号来掩盖信道中的通信信号,以达到保护信号波形安全的目的.但随着调制识别和串行干扰消除(SIC)技术的发展,采用常规调制方式的掩盖信号能够被非合作接收方破解.针对便携式卫星通信终端的安全通信需求,该文借鉴卫星成对载波多址(PCMA)中利用本地信号副本进行自干扰抵消的思想,分...     

发送功率最小化自适应MIMO—OFDM系统研究

将自适应比特功率分配技术与空间分集技术结合起来,提出了一种与空时编码结合的固定速率自适应正交频分复用(OFDM)方案。该算法在保证给定的误比特率和信息速率的情况下,使总发送功率最小化。仿真结果表明,该算法在相同误比特率的情况下比不采用自适应技术的MIMO-OFDM系统节省了发送功率。     

基于高阶累积量的OFDM信号调制识别技术

为解决非合作通信系统中OFDM（Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing正交频分复用技术）信号的调制识别问题,提出一种基于四阶累积量的OFDM信号调制识别新方法。该方法利用OFDM信号时域包络具有渐近高斯性的特点,对已有基于累积量的识别方法进行改进,通过计算截获信号的复中频信号模值的四阶累积量,提取OFDM信号与单载波信号的分类特征量,对OFDM调制信号进行识别。该算法与已有的基于累积量的识别方法相比,计算量大大减小,且具有较好的识别效果。仿真实验表明SNR高于-2dB时,正确识别率大于99%,证明了该算法的有效性。     

参数调制多载波雷达通信共享信号设计

雷达通信一体化是减少电子平台体积与电磁干扰的一种有效途径,而共享信号的研究是实现雷达通信一体化的关键技术。该文提出了一种基于Chirp信号的多载波雷达通信共享信号,其主载波采用唯一Chirp信号实现雷达功能,副载波通过改变调频率和初始频率参数组合的Chirp信号调制通信信息。分析了共享信号的模糊函数以及参数设计方法,并对其处理过程及系统性能进行了研究。仿真结果表明,该信号具有较低误码率和高稳健性特性,使用该共享信号可在微量降低雷达性能的前提下实现通信数据的传输。      

Low-Complexity Orthogonal Spectral Signal Construction for Generalized OFDMA Uplink With Frequency Synchronization Errors

In orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, the total spectral resource is partitioned into multiple orthogonal subcarriers. These subcarriers are assigned to different users for simultaneous transmission in orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA). In an unsynchronized OFDMA uplink, each user has a different carrier frequency offset (CFO) relative to the common uplink receiver, which results in the loss of orthogonality among subcarriers and thereby multiple access interference. Hence, OFDMA is very sensitive to frequency synchronization errors. In this paper, we construct the received signals in frequency domain that would have been received if all users were frequency synchronized. A generalized OFDMA framework for arbitrary subcarrier assignments is proposed. The interference in the generalized OFDMA uplink due to frequency synchronization errors is characterized in a multiuser signal model. Least squares and minimum mean square error criteria are proposed to construct the orthogonal spectral signals from one OFDMA block contaminated with interference that was caused by the CFOs of multiple users. For OFDMA with a large number of subcarriers, a low-complexity implementation of the proposed algorithms is developed based on a banded matrix approximation. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed algorithms improve the system performance significantly and are computationally affordable using the banded system implementation