碘化钠分子的光离解及其生成物钠原子的共振电离研究

利用脉冲激光与分子的相互作用，用波长３３０ｎｍ激光脉冲对ＮａＩ分子进行了光离解；同时对光离解后的产物之一Ｎａ原子实行了共振电离。通过对Ｎａ＋离子飞行时间质谱（ＴＯＦＭＳ）结果的分析，讨论了Ｎａ＋离子质谱的特点，并对过程中存在的多光子电离（ＭＰＩ）进行了讨论。     

C_3分子线在激光场中的含时密度泛函理论研究

运用将含时密度泛函理论(TDDFT)和分子动力学相结合的方法,研究了C3分子线的光吸收谱以及它在强激光场中的电子和离子响应。计算结果表明,C3分子线光吸收谱可以分为两个区域,其中既包含独立的峰,又包含连续分布的峰。对C3分子线在激光场中的研究表明,在激光强度、极化方向及脉冲长度相同的情况下,当激光频率远低于共振频率时,分子的电离发生较晚而且电离较弱,分子沿激光极化方向的偶极矩与激光脉冲波包很相近,分子激发处于线性响应区;当激光频率处于共振频率范围时,C3分子线的电离增强,而且偶极矩的激发与激光脉冲波包完全不同,与分子的电离密切相关。     

激光飞行时间质谱技术——一种快速探测微量元素的方法

本文报道了利用飞行时间质谱技术检测分子在XeCl准分子激光作用下产生的离子产物的结果,与金属固体靶在激光直接辐照下所得的飞行时间质谱。 当与脉冲激光相互作用时,分子(包括原子)通过选择性激光多光子电离及离解过程生成     

分子取向及组合场相对相位对CO分子产生孤立阿秒脉冲的影响

原子或分子的光电离是强场物理效应的基础。在强场近似下，对于少周期激光脉冲，实验中已证实采用双色激光脉冲场可以增强和相干控制分子的电离。同时，双色场相对相位也是非常重要的参数，借助相位结构的改变来调节分子的电离亦是控制和优化激光与物质相互作用的重要方式。基于此，本文借助Lewenstein模型计算了双色激光脉冲场中利用CO分子高次谐波获得的阿秒脉冲，分析了不同分子取向下相对相位对分子电离以及产生阿秒脉冲的影响。结果显示，平台区域的超连续展宽在任意相对相位下均可产生，但随着分子取向和激光场相对相位的变化，电离较低时易获得超短孤立阿秒脉冲。     

碱金属碘化物分子的光离解及碱金属原子的共振电离研究

利用脉冲激光束与分子的相互作用,对KI和GsI分子进行了光离解。同时，用另一束可调谐激光对离解后产生的中性碱金属原子K和Cs进行共振激发，然后把处在激发态的碱金属原子进行光电离。获得了碱金属离子的飞行时间质谱。另外，对光离解及光电离过程中可能存在多光子电离（MPI）过程进行了讨论和分析。     

钕玻璃中啁啾脉冲放大的"进步-P"型激光装置

啁啾脉冲的放大技术有可能获得多太瓦皮秒和亚皮秒激光脉冲,以便进行超强场与物质相互作用研究。本文给出啁啾脉冲放大的多太瓦“进步－Ｐ”型Ｎｄ：ＹＬＦ／Ｎｄ：玻璃混合激光装置,不久前曾在这台装置上进行了一系列１０＾１８￣１０＾１９Ｗ／ｃｍ＾２范围内超强场与固体的相互作用实验。     

在强激光束中LiI的光离解及Li的共振电离研究

利用脉冲激光束与分子的相互作用，对LiI进行了光离解。同时，用另一束可调谐激光对LiI离解后产生的中性Li进行共振激发，然后把处在激发态的Li进行光电离。对Li的飞行时间质谱（TOFMS）进行了研究，并对光离解及光电离过程中可能存在的多光子电离（MPI）过程进行了讨论和分析。     

中红外大能量高功率周期量级光学参量啁啾脉冲放大的发展及应用（特邀）

近十年来,超强超短脉冲是激光光学发展的一个重要趋势。尤其是在中红外（MIR）波段,由于中红外波长具有更大的有质动力并且其光谱范围几乎包含了所有分子“指纹”共振峰,这使得中红外激光的研究在强场物理、中红外光谱学、材料加工以及生物医学研究等领域中至关重要。目前已经有许多比较成熟的激光技术可以对脉冲进行整形、放大,例如差频（DFG）、啁啾脉冲放大（CPA）、光学参量放大技术（OPA）以及光学参量啁啾脉冲放大（OPCPA）等。利用OPCPA技术具有的高放大增益、高信噪比、宽增益带宽的优点在高非线性系数的非线性晶体中进行脉冲放大已经成为当前获取超强超短中红外脉冲的主要手段之一。文中总结了利用OPCPA技术在2~20 μm波长范围内产生和放大MIR少周期脉冲的研究进展,并对其在强场物理、分子频谱探测以及生物医学方面的应用进行了简要的阐述。     

中红外超强超短激光研究进展（特邀）

近年来,可调谐中红外新波段超强超短激光的出现与迅速发展,开辟了强场物理领域中迄今仍很少探索过的参量空间,为开拓超强超短激光与物质相互作用的新物理、新效应及新应用提供了新机遇。文中总结了中红外超强超短激光近年来的发展趋势与研究方向。针对光参量放大、光参量啁啾脉冲放大、中红外脉冲后压缩以及中红外新型光场调控技术4个研究方向,较全面地分析各自的国内外研究现状,并对未来中红外超强超短激光的发展趋势进行了展望。     

激光三频场离解同位素分子的效率

本文用双频激光场和三频激光场离解同位素分子的速率方程组求得获取高量子效率的最佳激励条件。     

The distributed Bragg pulse shaper: demonstration and model

The distributed Bragg pulse shaper (DBPS) is a series of electrically switchable Bragg mirrors on a semiconductor waveguide. The DBPS encodes data packets using parallel electrical signals to set the states of the Bragg mirrors. A broad-band source pulse then probes the device to generate a high bandwidth serial wavepacket from the train of partially reflecting mirrors. This paper describes a DBPS constructed in AlGaAs. Using this device and a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser, we create a 4-bit packet with 0.37 Tb/s burst bit rate and are demonstrate for the first time that bits in the wavepacket can be switched by electrical modulation of individual Bragg segments. We also describe a model collaborating the observed data     

激光场与两能级原子相互作用的全量子理论分析

本文用全量子理论研究激光场与两个原子的相互作用。在不同的初始条件下,得到了光子数和原子状态各自随时间的变化关系。光子数很大时,全量子理论结果与半经典理论结果是一致的。     

激光与三个两能级原子相互作用

本文研究了激光场与三个原子的相互作用，激光场用相干态描述，原子用自旋态描述，在不同的初始条件下，得到了光子数和原子状态随时间的变化关系。光子数很大时，量子理论结果与半经典理论结果是一致的。     

利用V型三能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体与双模压缩光场相互作用制备双模原子激光

研究了Ⅴ型三能级原子的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)与双模压缩相干态光场相互作用系统的量子动力学行为，分析了利用Ⅴ型三能级原子BEC与双模压缩相干态光场相互作用制备双模原子激光的可能性。结果表明：在光场作用下，Ⅴ型三能级原子BEC中被激发到非俘获态的原子，仍保持其相干态的特性，从而在理论上证明了利用Ⅴ型三能级原子BEC与双模压缩相干态光场相互作用可以产生双模原子激光。     

Electron diffraction through an aperture in a potential wall

We study the diffraction of a two-dimensional Gaussian wavepacket through a rectangular aperture in a finite potential wall (one slit experiment). For wavepacket with incident wavevector k₀ satisfying the diffraction condition, k₀ = 2π/w, w being the slit width, the near field (Fresnel-like) diffraction pattern behind the slit can be clearly seen for small time duration (<0.2ps). At later time steps, the diffracted beam is fragmented into lobes (perpendicular to the direction of incidence of the wavepacket) as a result of the multiple reflections of the wavepacket inside the slit (assumed to be of finite thickness). At later time, no far-field Fraunhoffer diffraction pattern is observed in our numerical simulations.     

Excitonic dynamics of a quantum dot coupled to a laser-driven semiconductor microcavity

Within the density matrix formalism, we report on the quantum control of the excitonic coherences in quantum dots coupled to a single mode field resonant semiconductor cavity. We use an external classical laser field to drive the dynamical response of the excitonic states. Dissipation mechanisms associated with the cavity field and the excitonic states are explicitly included in the model. Our numerical simulations of the excitonic dynamics are in good agreement with recent experimental reports. Furthermore, we compute and show how to tailor such a dynamics in the presence of the laser field by means of controlling the detuning between the laser and the cavity field frequencies. The results are analyzed with a view to implementing quantum control of local qubit operations.     

Element base of quantum informatics I. Qubits of a quantum computer based on single atoms in optical traps

A brief overview of the current state of the experimental research on the development of the element base of quantum computers with qubits based on single neutral atoms trapped in optical traps. The requirements for qubits, peculiarities of single neutral atoms as qubits, methods for the quantum register development and for the implementation of single-qubit quantum logic operations in the laser and microwave fields, and two-qubit operations through the dipole–dipole interaction after a short laser excitation of atoms to the Rydberg states are discussed. The results of the experiments on the observation of the interaction of two Rydberg atoms at a Förster resonance controlled by the dc and radio-frequency electric field are presented.     

Optical resonance identification of long-range electron tunneling between superlattice levels in an electric field

A method for diagnostics of the interaction of electron states in multilayer heterostructures in a dc electric field is suggested. The method is based on measurements of the resonance response of the harmonic amplitude of the current in a heterostructure to modulated laser radiation. The method is used for studying tunneling between the Wannier-Stark levels in the superlattice with strongly coupled quantum wells.     

Self-consistent rate equations of self-assembly quantum wire lasers

We describe a detailed model for the dynamical and spectral properties of quantum dash (quantum wire assembly) lasers. We use a self-consistent semiclassical theory for a multimode laser field which interacts with an inhomogeneously broadened assembly of quantum wires via the quantum mechanical radiation-matter interaction. Our comprehensive coupled equations are spectrally resolved enabling to study accurately the effect of the gain inhomogeneity. Carrier-carrier and carrier-phonon scattering are also included. We highlight the effective capture rate which is determined by the ratio between the number of states in the reservoir and in the assembly, the energetic region into which carriers are captured and the width of the inhomogeneously broadened gain. Specifically, we demonstrate that a large number of states ratio lowers both the linear optical differential gain and the nonlinear gain coefficient. We show that gain suppression dominates when a realistic energy range into which capture takes place is considered as well as for small number of states ratios. In addition, we show that the width of the inhomogeneous broadening plays a relatively small role. We conclude that the differential gain and nonlinear damping can not be optimized simultaneously. These results point therefore to the clear advantages offered by laser structures which employ non conventional carrier injection schemes such as tunnelling barrier or n-type /spl delta/-doping regions.     

Polarization states of a single-mode (microchip)Nd3+:YAG laser. I. Theory

We present a microscopic mathematical model for the polarization states of a single-frequency Nd³⁺:YAG laser. It is a plane wave, mean field, vector model carried to all orders in the laser field. The crystal is assumed to be optically pumped longitudinally with a laser of specified polarization. For D₂ site symmetry and an odd number of electrons, we establish the phase relationships between the components of the electric dipole matrix elements between the Kramers states. These relationships are central in determining the site-specific coupling between both, the pump and laser fields to the Nd ³⁺ ions. The laser cavity is assumed to be linear and quasi-isotropic. The residual optical anisotropies are included using a round-trip Jones matrix formalism