2.45CHz ISM频段上WLAN和WPAN共存问题的研究现状

伴随2．45CHz ISM频段上无线局域网(WLAN)和无线个人局域网(WPAN)技术发展而来的是共存问题，该文在介绍了WLAN和WPAN技术的发展进程之后，探讨了以IEEE 802．11b和蓝牙为代表的WLAN和WPAN之间的共存问题及当前已提出的解决方案。     

WLAN＋WiMAX=全方位宽带无线

WLAN：无线局域网的宠儿 WLAN即无线局域网，结合了无线通信技术和计算机网络的优势，以无线信道为传输介质，实现在短距离内的无线网络通信。无线局域网的基础还是传统的有线局域网，它只是在有线局域网的基础上通过无线访问点(AP)、无线网桥、无线网卡等设备使无线通信得以实现。     

公网的WLAN用户接入方式

1概述 与目前5类线到户的有线局域网(LAN)用户接入方式相类似，无线局域网(WLAN)正在发展成为公网的宽带无线用户接入方式，即运营商的WLAN(OWLAN)。     

基于干扰矩阵的高密WLAN场景下集中式功率控制

针对高密无线局域网( WLAN)场景中系统干扰严重导致吞吐量降低的问题,提出了一种集中式动态发射功率控制算法( CDTPC)。接入控制器( AC)依据接入点( AP)定时上报的信道扫描报告和邻居报告建立干扰矩阵,通过分析干扰矩阵确定干扰源AP集和覆盖漏洞AP集,并对干扰源AP和覆盖漏洞AP进行动态功率控制,在保障覆盖的情况下减小WLAN系统内干扰、提高网络整体吞吐量。仿真表明：在高密WLAN场景中,使用CDTPC算法进行功率控制前后各AP吞吐对量均有所提高,系统整体吞吐量提高了41.5%。     

2.45GHz ISM频段上WLAN和WPAN共存问题的研究现状

伴随2.45GHz ISM频段上无线局域网(WLAN)和无线个人局域网(WPAN)技术发展而来的是共存问题,该文在介绍了WLAN和WPAN技术的发展进程之后,探讨了以IEEE 802.11b和蓝牙为代表的WLAN和WPAN之间的共存问题及当前已提出的解决方案。     

小区域移动通信系统动态频率选择算法的研究

本文提出了一种新的动态频率选择(DFS)算法,它适用于无线局域网/无线个域网(WLAN/WPAN)等小区域无线多媒体通信系统.文章给出了算法处理过程的描述,并以HIPERLAN/2系统为例进行了仿真.仿真结果表明,与目前已有的算法相比较,新算法具有干扰探测快、跳转换频稳定等特点,能够在复杂传播环境下提高WLAN/WPAN的服务质量(QoS).该算法已被成功地应用于所研制的HIPERLAN/2系统中.     

WLAN/WPAN环境中模拟退火动态频率选择算法的研究

动态频率选择(DFS)是解决频道实时优化的有力手段，本文针对无线局域网，无线个域网(WLAN／WPAN)等小区域无线多媒体通信系统，首次把模拟退火算法应用到DFS中，针对WLAN／WPAN的情况，给出其处理过程的完整描述，并以HiperLAN／2系统为例进行了仿真。仿真结果表明，与目前已有的算法相比较，新算法实现了整个系统的组合优化，克服了现有算法可能存在的跳转较频繁、性能不够稳定等缺点，能在复杂传播环境下提高WLAN／WPAN的服务质量(QOS)。     

无线局域网中的安全问题

本文首先简述了无线局域网(WLAN)的发展情况和存在的网络安全隐患，分析了无线局域网中的有线对等保密协议(WEP)、基于端口的访问控制协议IEEE802．1x和WPA安全，最后给出了目前无线局域网应具有的安全对策。     

多小区无线局域网的系统吞吐率估计算法

在多小区无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Networks,WLAN)中,由于存在小区间接入访问点同频干扰,以及小区间同频用户干扰,其系统性能与单小区网络具有很大不同。本文提出了支持多种用户传输速率共存、支持用户非均匀分布的多小区WLAN系统吞吐率估计算法。通过对多小区WLAN巾接入访问点的布置、信道的配置进行仿真,结果表明即使在存在小区间同频干扰的情况下,估计算法也能得到满意的吞吐率估计结果。     

相邻信道抑制和相邻信道干扰对802.11WLAN性能造成的影响

随着无线联网技术以及其他无线技术在无许可限制的同一频谱范围内的迅速推广应用，Wi-Fi(802.11)产品遭受的射频(RF)干扰越来越多，已严重影响了无线局域网(WLAN)的数据吞吐性能。本文分析了相邻信道干扰(ACI)的来源以及射频设计实践，通过此实践可以改善WLAN的相邻信道抑制(ACR)从而全面提高其性能。     

Adaptive frequency hopping for bluetooth robust to WLAN interference

In this letter, we propose a new adaptive frequency hopping (AFH) scheme for Bluetooth to mitigate interference from IEEE 802.11x based wireless local area network (WLAN). To fast classify available channels for the Bluetooth, we first group the Bluetooth channels according to the channel allocation of WLAN and classify groups instead of Bluetooth channels. Then, we employ a moving average technique to estimate the status of Bluetooth channels in groups more accurately. The performance of the proposed scheme is verified by computer simulation. Simulation results show that the proposed AFH scheme significantly outperforms conventional schemes.     

WLAN和蓝牙共存时自适应跳频抗干扰研究

蓝牙系统在ISM频段干扰严重时,其性能将急剧恶化。针对上述问题,给出了一种蓝牙系统与WLAN系统共存时消除两者之间干扰的方法———自适应跳频技术(AFH),阐述了其基本原理和主要技术特点。进而通过系统仿真分别比较并分析了其性能和趋势。最后讨论了以提高系统性能为出发点,考虑将不同的业务和干扰程度情况进行折中。主要性能指标由丢包率、TCP吞吐率、延迟和延迟抖动等来进行衡量。     

一种适用于WPAN应用环境的高速自适应跳频系统及其性能分析

本文针对无线个域网(WPAN,Wireless Personal Area Network)工作环境复杂的干扰情况,提出将自适应跳频技术应用其中的方案,并以几个WPAN系统为例进行了定量计算.得出了采用AFH技术后系统的误码特性,最后以802.15.1(Bluetooth)及802.15.3系统为例,对其主要的数据速率和1600跳/秒情况进行了数值计算.结果表明,在小区域内存在多种系统工作在同一频段的情况下,采用AFH技术的WPAN系统抗干扰性能差不多提高了1~2个数量级.本文结论也可推广到使用高速跳频技术的其它WPAN系统.     

Interference Evaluation of Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b Systems

The emergence of several radio technologies, such as Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11, operating in the 2.4 GHz unlicensed ISM frequency band, may lead to signal interference and result in significant performance degradation when devices are colocated in the same environment. The main goal of this paper is to evaluate the effect of mutual interference on the performance of Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b systems. We develop a simulation framework for modeling interference based on detailed MAC and PHY models. First, we use a simple simulation scenario to highlight the effects of parameters, such as transmission power, offered load, and traffic type. We then turn to more complex scenarios involving multiple Bluetooth piconets and WLAN devices.     

嵌入式异构网络融合方案设计及实验系统

本文提出了一种基于嵌入式Linux的异构网络融合方案,设计了在嵌入式Linux平台上融合WLAN、WPAN、GPRS和Internet的无线接入设备的软硬件并进行了实现.针对设备中802.11b与蓝牙的干扰问题,提出了基于自适应跳频和协作模式的解决方案.最后搭建了异构网络融合实验系统,实验结果说明系统可以初步实现异构网络的融合.     

Strategies for adaptive frequency hopping in the unlicensed bands

Mechanisms based on frequency hopping have been widely used to enable short-range wireless networks to use resources from the unlicensed spectrum without frequency planning. Bluetooth piconet is a prime example of an FH-based network with unlicensed operation. As a price for open access, the piconet may experience adverse interference from other collocated FH piconets or other wireless devices that are transmitting in the same unlicensed band. A basic approach to mitigate this interference is that the piconet applies adaptive FH (AFH) and attempts to hop over a set (hopset) of less interfered channels. On the other hand, the regulation of unlicensed operation sets constraints on possible hopset adaptations. In this article we present two novel AFH strategies: adaptive frequency rolling (AFR) and dynamic AFH (DAFH). AFR avoids self-interference while preserving the dynamics of spectrum usage as required by the current regulation. DAFH is a distributed mechanism by which collocated piconets select nonconflicting hopsets while trying to keep the hopset size as large as possible. DAFH is not completely compliant with current regulations, but the rationale given for its design contains new rules of behavior for the unlicensed spectrum. Both approaches significantly outperform the conventional AFH strategy     

Bluetooth and WLAN coexistence: challenges and solutions

In this article we discuss solutions to the interference problem caused by the proximity and simultaneous operation of Bluetooth and WLAN networks. We consider different techniques that attempt to avoid time and frequency collisions of WLAN and Bluetooth transmissions. We conduct a comparative analysis of their performance, and discuss the trends and trade-offs they bring for different applications and interference levels. Performance is measured in terms of packet loss, TCP goodput, delay, and delay jitter.     

Channel Clustering and Probabilistic Channel Visiting Techniques for WLAN Interference Mitigation in Bluetooth Devices

Since Bluetooth and wireless local area network (WLAN) technologies both operate at the 2.4-GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band, the two types of devices may suffer from mutual interference and performance degradations. In this paper, we propose two new techniques, channel clustering and probabilistic channel visiting, to effectively improve the existing coexistence and interference mitigation mechanisms. The channel clustering technique employs statistical pattern recognition to classify the status of Bluetooth channels more accurately. The probabilistic channel visiting is used to more equitably allocate the channel resources between Bluetooth and WLAN devices. The effectiveness of these techniques is quantified by simulations. Results show that both techniques are beneficial in improving the performance of the existing mechanisms.     

BlueStar: Enabling Efficient Integration Between Bluetooth WPANs and IEEE 802.11 WLANs

Bluetooth is a radio technology for Wireless Personal Area Networking (WPAN) operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band. So far, there has been little research on how Bluetooth-enabled devices can effectively and efficiently have uninterrupted access to wide area networks (WAN) such as the Internet. We introduce a novel architecture (BlueStar) whereby selected Bluetooth devices, called Bluetooth Wireless Gateways (BWGs), are also IEEE 802.11 enabled so that these BWGs could serve as egress/ingress points to/from the IEEE 802.11 wireless network. We propose mitigating interference between Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11, by employing a hybrid approach of adaptive frequency hopping (AFH) and Bluetooth carrier sense (BCS) of the channels. AFH labels channels as bad or good, and Bluetooth devices only access those channels in the good state, whereas BCS is used to avoid collision by sensing the channel prior to any transmission. By combining AFH and BCS, we drastically minimize the effect of the worst-case interference scenario wherein both a Bluetooth and an IEEE 802.11 interface are co-located in a single device. BlueStar enables Bluetooth devices, belonging to either a piconet or a scatternet, to access the WAN through the BWG without the need for any fixed Bluetooth access points, while utilizing widely deployed base of IEEE 802.11 networks. Moreover, we define the protocol stack employed by BlueStar as well as indicate how BWGs efficiently manage their capacity allocation through the different systems. We also mathematically derive an upper bound on the number BWGs needed in a Bluetooth scatternet so that uninterrupted access to all Bluetooth devices could be provided.     

蓝牙的未来

如今蓝牙技术已经有了非常广泛的应用,但仍面临一些问题。文中就蓝牙目前应用方面遇到的蓝牙与WLAN之间的干扰问题、蓝牙的传输速率问题以及蓝牙安全机制方面进行了深入分析,介绍了目前针时此类问题的一些最新技术和研究成果,以及蓝牙未来的发展前景。