10 Gbit/s的光纤通信系统中一阶偏振模色散自动补偿技术的研究

分析并通过实验验证了光纤通信系统中偏振模色散引起的脉冲展宽对接收信号频谱的影响 ,在此基础上提出了一种偏振模色散的补偿技术。在 10Gbit/s的传输线路中实现了一阶偏振模色散 (PMD)的自动补偿。     

偏振度方法监测和控制偏振模色散的失效概率

依据主偏振态理论和一阶偏振模色散(PMD)近似,给出了信号偏振度(DOP)与PMD的解析关系式.考虑到光纤通信链路中光放大器造成的自相位调制(SPM)的影响,通过数值仿真,量化了DOP方法监测40 Gbit/s系统的PMD的失效概率.发现降低放大器输出峰值功率(10～12 dB*m)和引入适当的初始负啁啾(-1)可以显著增大PMD补偿系统作用距离.     

高速光纤通信系统中一阶偏振模色散自动补偿技术的研究

偏振模色散(PMD)对10Gbit/s及更高速率的光纤通信系统的影响已不可忽略，因此PMD的补偿技术成为研究的热点问题。本文分析并通过实验验证了PMD引起的脉冲展宽对接收信号频谱的影响，在此基础上提出了一种PMD的补偿技术。在用保偏光纤模拟PMD效应的10Gbit/s的传输线路中实现了一阶PMD的自动补偿。     

光谱宽度对偏振度与差分群延时关系影响的研究

理论推导出准单色光波情况下、输入信号为高斯脉冲时偏振度(DOP)与差分群延时(DGD)关系的简明解析表达式.通过对偏振度公式的理论分析,得出了DOP随DGD变化的关系由分光比以及光源的光谱宽度决定的结论.用不同光谱宽度的10 Gbit/s归零(RZ)伪随机码光源实验研究了DOP与DGD的关系,实验结果表明了理论推导和分析的正确性.理论分析表明 ,除了分光比参数外,只有能够影响光谱宽度的参数才会对DOP-DGD关系式产生影响,如调制码型、调制啁啾和脉冲变换极限宽度等,而其它因素则与DOP-DGD关系式无关,如色散、线路啁啾以及脉冲实际宽度等.     

PMD补偿反馈控制信息DOP的研究

根据准单色光理论和2×2相干矩阵,推导了在偏振模色散(PMD)补偿技术中作为反馈控制信息的光偏振度(DOP)与光脉冲波形数、脉冲宽度、光在2个偏振主态(PSP)上分光比以及差分群延迟(DGD)之间的一般数学关系。提出了表示PSP方向上光脉冲交叠程度的相干函数。给出了当脉冲波形函数为高斯型的DOP表示式,并计算给出了在不同高斯脉冲宽度下DOP随DGD变化的关系曲线。利用10Gbit/s的伪随机序列分别在归零码(RZ)和非归零(NRZ)下实验测量了DOP随DGD变化的关系。对理论计算的曲线和实验结果进行了比较,表明在一定的DGD范围内理论计算与实验结果一致。     

高速光纤通信系统中高阶PMD补偿技术研究

随着光放大器和色度色散补偿技术的不断提高，光纤的偏振模色散（PMD）已经成为超高速、超长距离光纤通信系统发展的主要障碍，在40Gbit/s或更高速率的光纤通信系统中，PMD的影响已不可忽略，必须考虑PMD的补偿问题，从高阶PMD对40Gbit/s NRZ系统影响的数值模拟发现，当光纤中PMD高阶效应比较明显时，将严重劣化一阶PMD补偿的效果，另外，通过对两种高阶PMD补偿器的比较介绍，认为两段级联的高队PMD补偿系统是一种比较现实的补偿方法。     

晶体型二阶偏振模色散模拟器

报道了一种新型的二阶晶体型偏振模色散(PMD)模拟器,其由3片可产生不同的一阶PMD差分群延迟(DGD)的晶体和1个法拉第旋转器组成,法拉第旋转器理论上可在180°内连续变化。该二阶PMD模拟器实验上能近似模拟从50到200 ps2的二阶PMD。给出了二阶PMD随偏置电压变化的曲线。实验表明,该器件输出的重复性好,响应时间小于1 ms,实验值与理论值近似符合。     

高速光纤网络中PMD的测试和补偿

偏振色散是光纤中的一种物理现象，它导致光脉冲随着时间扩散。如果扩散（散射）量过多，邻近的光脉冲将相互交迭和干涉。当接收器不能区分邻近位时，这种干涉将表现为高误码率（BER）。随着位间隔的降低，像在高速数据网络中那样，如10Gbit/s(OC-192,STM-64)或40Gbit/s(OC-768,STM-256)，过度的PMD将严重影响网络运营，本解释怎样通过准确测量和补偿PMD把这些副作用降到最低甚至排除。     

基于偏振度的差分群时延检测的理论分析

文章从理论上分析了信号偏振度(DOP)和各阶偏振模色散(PMD)、光脉冲宽度的关系,当DOP用于差分群时延(DGD)检测并作为PMD补偿的控制信号时,必须综合考虑这些因素;说明了DGD、一阶和二阶PMD对最大和最小DOP的影响,以及光脉冲宽度对DOP检测范围的影响。     

一种新型的光纤光栅可调整偏振模色散补偿器

文章提出一种基于磁场变化对均匀周期光纤光栅(FBG)引入线性啁啾的特性来实现可调整偏振模色散(PMD)补偿的技术。这种全光型PMD补偿技术在实现调整的同时能保持中心波长固定不变，而且能够灵活方便地实现不同的微分群时延量(DGD)。针对10Gbit／s非归fig(NRZ)传输系统，采用这种技术对进行PMD补偿的模拟计算结果表明，接收信号的眼图在补偿后得到了显著改善。     

Large PMD Compensated by Four Free Degrees in OTDM System

By introducing a two-stage polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensator after a optical fiber link with a large PMD,over 270 ps first-order and 2 000 ps2 high-order PMD was compensated. The results show that the two-stage compensator can be used to PMD compensation in the 20 Gb/s optical time division multiplexing system with 60 km high PMD fiber. After compensating, the 270 ps DGD is changed into max. 7 ps. Moreover,the tunable FBG has a function of dispersion compensation.     

优化算法在偏振模色散自适应补偿技术中的应用

介绍了10Gb/s的光纤通信系统中,优化算法在偏振模色散(PMD)自适应补偿技术中的应用。偏振模色散在线监测技术建立在偏振度(DOP)的基础上,偏振度随着微分群时延(DGD)的增加而减小。为了使用DOP做为PMD的监测反馈信号,需要在传输线路中模拟DGD的状态,为此设计了一个PMD仿真器。在光纤输入复用器端使用一个偏振控制器(PC)来调整光信号的偏振态,在光纤输出复用器端使用一个起偏器。随后信号到达控制计算机,优化程序运行,寻找全局最优点并通过PC来控制PMD。对现代非线性优化算法进行了讨论,比较了它们在PMD自适应补偿技术中的优缺点。在实验过程中选择遗传算法,取得良好效果。在很短时间内一阶二阶PMD能达到最大补偿效果,其动态补偿时间不超过10ms。     

Effect of PMD—induced Pulse Broadening on Sensitivity and Frequency Spectrum

The PMD-induced pulse broadening may cause the degradation of receiver sensitivity and has negative effects on the power spectrum of received signals,The expressions of PMD-induced pulse broadening effects on receiver sensitivity are derived based on the concept of mean square pulse width.The effects of PMD on the spectrum of received power are analyzed in detail.Finally,the scheme is discussed with which the power of a certain frequency component is extracted as a feedback control signal in a PMD compensation system.     

光纤通信系统中偏振模色散补偿的二种反馈控制信号的特性比较

为了说明当光纤通信系统中存在高阶偏振模色散时,采用DOP和电带宽作反馈信号PMD补偿效果均会受到高阶偏振模色散的影响,用数值模拟方法比较了二种常用的反馈控制信号与偏振模色散的性能,模拟结果表明,从性能上讲,二种反馈信号都随一阶PMD变化而具有线性变化,当系统中有高阶偏振模色散时,二者均不具有线性的变化。模拟结果对偏振模色散补偿具有一定的指导意义。     

An adaptive first-order polarization-mode dispersion compensationsystem aided by polarization scrambling: theory and demonstration

An adaptive polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) compensation system has been developed to cancel the effects of first-order PMD by producing a complementary PMD vector in the receiver. Control parameters for the PMD compensation system comprised of a polarization controller and a PMD emulator are derived from the nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) signal in the channel to be compensated. Estimates of the link's differential group delay (DGD) and principal states of polarization (PSPs) based on this signal are reliable when the signal power is equally split between the link's two PSP's; however this condition cannot be assumed. To meet this requirement, we scramble the state of polarization (SOP) of the input signal at a rate much greater than the response time of the PMD monitor signal so that each sample represents many different SOP alignments. This approach allows the effective cancellation of the first-order PMD effects within an optical fiber channel     

Tracking and separation of time-varying principal states of polarization in optical fiber link for first-order PMD compensation and its filter-dependent performance

We propose a simple method for tracking and separating time-varying principal states of polarization (PSP) occurring in a fiber-optic transmission link with polarization mode dispersion (PMD) for use in PMD compensation. The proposed method uses as a feedback monitoring signal the bandpass-filtered RF power at bit-rate frequency for NRZ signal format. We demonstrated the operating principle of the method through theoretical simulation and experiment using an automatically adaptive PMD compensator employing a single polarization beam splitter (PBS). The effects of electrical filtering on the PSP tracking performance were also investigated by using three types of filters, i.e., a low-pass filter (LPF), a band-pass filter (BPF), and a high-pass filter (HPF). The simulation results showed that only a BPF centered at bit-rate frequency was found to allow for tracing and separation of two PSPs via PBS. The proposed method, when applied to a conventional PMD compensator that alternately controls a polarization controller and a delay line, enables separation of PSP control from differential-group-delay (DGD) control, thus allowing fast tracking of rapidly changing PSP in a PMD-impaired optical fiber link and reducing compensation time.     

一种高速光纤通信高阶偏振模色散补偿的前馈信号提取方法

建立了一种实时提取一阶和二阶偏振模色散的模型,可以直接得到偏振模色散的大小和方向。通过数值模拟将得到的偏振模色散大小与从琼斯矩阵理论中计算的结果进行比较,我们模拟结果与理论计算值在差分群时延为一个比特周期内较好相符。从得到的偏振模色散矢量的大小和方向信息可以为高阶阶偏振模色散补偿提供前馈信息