新型双极化波导缝隙天线研究

传统的双极化波导缝隙天线阵每种极化方式交叉极化都较差,极化端口隔离度不高,尤其是垂直极化波束在进行大角度扫描时,容易出现二次副瓣.针对上述情况,文中介绍了一种新型的双极化波导缝隙阵天线阵,水平极化天线采用非倾斜窄边缝波导缝隙天线阵,垂直极化天线采用非对称脊波导宽边开缝波导缝隙天线阵.通过对该新型双极化波导缝隙阵进行仿真分析和试验研究,发现该组阵方式较大改善了2种极化方式的交叉极化,有效提高了2种极化天线之间的隔离度,可实现宽角扫描,较大改善了整个阵面的性能,具有较好的工程实用性.     

并行角馈双极化微带天线阵的分析与设计

本文提出利用双端口的并行角馈实现双极化天线,并设计了一种新的双极化馈线网络。综合运用了多端口网络模型、腔模理论、分片法和补片法,给出了各天线单元和双极化馈线网络的理论分析方法。实际设计了一副6GHz频段的单层共面的四元天线阵,实测的双端口隔离度达-50dB,其性能明显优越于通常的单层双极化微带天线阵列。     

一种双极化微带天线阵的设计

给出一种双极化微带天线阵的设计,分别对单元和馈电网络进行了研究.设计、测试了一个X波段的天线阵.测试结果,两种极化端口的阻抗带宽均大于14.6%(电压驻波比小于1.6),端口之间的隔离度优于34dB.水平极化端口的交叉极化电平抑制优于-26dB,垂直极化端口的交叉极化电平抑制优于-24dB.该天线可以作为合成孔径雷达有源相控阵天线的子阵.     

一种高隔离度的双极化微带天线阵的理论和实验

本文提出利用双端口的串行角馈方形帖片实现双极化,并设计了一种共面的双极化馈线网络,综合运用多端口网络模型、腔模理论和分片法,给出了单口双端口天线单元和双极化天线阵列的理论分析。本文法计算简单便,适合于工程应用,实际设计了一副６ＧＨｚ频段的背地里层天线阵,实验测量的双端口隔离度达－４１ｄＢ,其性能明显优于通常的单层双极化微带天线阵,该面阵结构简单、馈线网络较小,且易合并成更大规模的双极化瑚线阵。     

并行角馈双极化微带天线阵的分析与设计

本文提出利用双端口的并行角馈实现双极化天线,并设计了一种新的双极化馈线网络,综合运用了多端口网络模型,腔模理论,分片法和补片法,给出了各天线单元和双极化馈线网络的理论分析方法,实际设计了一副６ＧＨｚ频段的单层共面的四元天线阵,实测的双端口隔离度达－５０ｄＢ,其性能明显优越于通常的单层双极化微带天线阵列。     

一种用于无线输能的2.45 GHz微带贴片整流天线

为了提高大信号输入下整流天线的整流效率,利用Ansoft Designer仿真软件,设计制作了一种工作在2.45 GHz的微带整流天线,接收天线采用二元串联微带矩形贴片阵列,单元贴片之间引入两个短枝节以调节方向图指向;整流电路采用二极管串联双管倍压电路。实验结果与仿真结果二者吻合良好,实测得到输入功率为100 mW时,微波-直流转换效率达到64%,同单管并联电路相比,大大提高了整流电路的输入功率,使整流天线的实际转换效率更高。     

一种宽带高隔离度双极化微带天线的设计

设计了一种宽带高隔离度的双极化微带天线,天线的两个馈电端口分别采用了H型口径耦合和容性加载H型口径耦合,在展宽带宽的同时提高了双端口隔离度,同时利用反射板使天线获得较高增益。HFSS仿真和实测结果表明天线双极化端口的阻抗带宽（VSWR〈2）达40%,增益达到8 dB以上,端口隔离度大于33 dB,该天线可被广泛应用于双极化天线阵系统中。     

基于微波无线能量传输多径效应的多角度超表面能量收集器的研究

为了提高具有多径效应的无线功率传输中接收系统效率，提出并设计了一款工作在5.7～5.9 GHz频段的4×4小型化L槽能量收集超表面。该超表面与传统的整流天线相比，具有广入射角度和极化不敏感特性。研究分析了不同入射角下超表面的能量收集效率，仿真表明超表面在5.8 GHz、入射角为0°时具有99.3%的吸波效率，91.3%的收集效率。实验过程中入射角在0°～40°的范围内保持50%以上的收集效率。超表面阵列尺寸为8.64 cm×8.64 cm×0.762 cm。     

一种高效率宽负载双极化整流天线的设计

文中提出了一种宽负载的双极化整流天线,能够有效地应用于微波电磁能量传输。该整流天线主要 由阻抗压缩电路、匹配电路、肖特基二极管和谐波抑制电路构成。其中,阻抗压缩电路由两段短路枝节线组成,该电 路能够在负载500~3500 Ω 范围内减小输入阻抗的变化、减小负载对匹配的影响,从而提高整流效率。ADS2020 软 件仿真结果显示:在频率2. 45 GHz 且两端的输入功率均为10 dBm 时,该双极化整流电路RF-DC 的转换效率最高达 到81%;负载在1000~3000 Ω 变化时,整流效率均高于60%;只有一端输入功率时,负载整流效率依然大于50%。实 测与仿真结果基本吻合,进一步验证了该设计方案的可行性。实测发现,天线姿态或端接负载在较大范围内变化 时,该整流天线依然能够输出稳定的直流电压。本设计具有结构简单、易于制造、双极化、宽负载等特性,可实际应 用于无线传感节点、物联网等领域的无线供电技术中。     

一种新型高效率双极化背腔阵列天线

针对卫星通信系统对双极化天线的隔离度、口径效率及端口隔离度等指标提出的要求,设计了一种高效率双极化背腔阵列天线,天线辐射单元采用方口喇叭,辐射效率高,采用空气悬置带线馈电网络大大降低了馈电损耗,采用反相馈电技术改善了天线的交叉极化隔离度。重点讨论了2×2子阵的口径效率、交叉极化和端口隔离。利用仿真软件进行了优化仿真分析,在此基础上研制了16×32阵列样件,对其电性能进行了测量,测试结果表明,此双极化阵列天线具有辐射效率高、交叉极化电平低、端口隔离度高的特点。     

Bow-tie retrodirective rectenna

A novel bow-tie retrodirective rectenna designed at 5.8 GHz is proposed. The new retrodirective rectenna combines a traditional rectenna with a retrodirective array. The new retrodirective rectenna array can automatically steer its main beam towards the power source and hence is not sensitive to the power incident angle changes. It can provide a constant DC output voltage within /spl plusmn/10/spl deg/ and 90% DC output voltage within /spl plusmn/30/spl deg/. The conversion efficiency of the arrays is 84% when the power density is 10 mW/cm/sup 2/.     

New 5.8-GHz circularly polarized retrodirective rectenna arrays for wireless power transmission

This paper proposes two new circularly polarized retrodirective rectenna arrays, including a 2 /spl times/ 2 array and a 4 /spl times/ 4 array. A proximity-coupled microstrip ring antenna is used as the retrodirective rectenna array element, which can automatically block harmonic signals up to the third order from reradiating by the rectifying circuit. These arrays are printed on a Rogers Duroid 5880 substrate of /spl epsiv//sub r/=2.2 with a two-layer structure, with a total thickness of 1.5748 mm (or 62 mil). The new retrodirective rectenna array can track the incoming power source signals automatically and is less sensitive to the power incident angle variations, i.e., main-beam alignment deviation. It can provide a nearly constant dc output voltage within /spl plusmn/10/spl deg/ and 90% dc output voltage within /spl plusmn/45/spl deg/. The conversion efficiencies of the two arrays are 73.3% and 55%, respectively, when the power density is 10 mW/cm/sup 2/. The retrodirective rectenna array can be used in the low-power density applications for microwave wireless power transmissions.     

Adaptive power controllable retrodirective array system for wireless sensor server applications

An adaptive power controllable retrodirective array system is presented. It is able to conserve battery power in an idle mode and wake up only when it needs to operate, extending the array system's lifetime. One application of this technology is for use as wireless sensor servers, which act as a relay point between wireless sensors and remote data collectors. The proposed retrodirective array is fabricated and tested at 5.8 GHz and uses an integrated rectenna and an analog switch, which controls a battery power source. When an RF signal is received by the antenna array, it is split between a rectenna and receiver (RX), where most power is sent to a rectenna. The collected dc voltage wakes up the system by activating a switch connected to a battery and the RX. When there is no interrogation, the switch turns off. Furthermore, the second and third harmonic rejection characteristic of a circular sector antenna is introduced so that it makes the system simpler by eliminating a low-pass filter in the rectenna. For the phase-conjugation retrodirective array, second subharmonic mixers are used by employing antiparallel diode pairs, which enables avoiding expensive high-frequency oscillators. It is experimentally demonstrated that the retrodirective array system with the proposed power management can retransmit the received signal toward the source when the received power is greater than -8.5dBm. Application of the retrodirective array system as a multifunctional RX array is also investigated.     

Investigations into a power-combining structure using areflectarray of dual-feed aperture-coupled microstrip patchantennas

This paper details an investigation of a power combiner that uses a reflectarray of dual-feed aperture-coupled microstrip patch antennas and a corporate-fed dual-polarized array as a signal distributing/combining device. In this configuration, elements of the reflectarray receive a linearly polarized wave and retransmit it with an orthogonal polarization using variable-length sections of microstrip lines connecting receive and transmit ports. By applying appropriate lengths of these delay lines, the array focuses the transmitted wave onto the feed array. The operation of the combiner is investigated for a small-size circular reflectarray for the cases of -3 dB, -6 dB and -10 dB edge illumination by the 2×2-element dual-polarized array     

一种新型极化捷变有源微带天线阵

本文提出了一种新颖的极化捷变放大器型有源微带天线阵,只要在馈电端电控单一有源电路就能实现整个微带天线面阵极化的捷变和信号的放大.利用角馈方形微带贴片设计了一副具有高隔离度和低交叉极化的新颖16元双极化面阵,并分析了天线阵的共极化和交叉极化方向图.介绍了有源电路的设计.该电路利用一专用电控移相器,通过改变场效应管(FET)栅极的直流控制电压,电控两极化端口间的0°或90°相差,实现天线阵由线极化到圆极化的捷变.低噪声放大器(LNA)不仅使有源天线增益提高12-14dB,而且改善了天线的驻波比带宽和隔离度.文中给出了无源双极化阵和有源阵的实验结果,证实了理论的有效性.     

A compact dual-polarized 8.51-GHz rectenna for high-voltage (50 V)actuator applications

This paper describes a dual-polarized rectenna capable of producing a 50-V output voltage that can be used for driving mechanical actuators. This study demonstrates a circuit topology that allows the output of multiple rectenna elements to be combined in order to step up the output voltage. In this paper, an independent rectifying circuit is used for each of two orthogonal polarizations. By proper combination, the output voltage is doubled over that of the single polarization case. Such panels are being explored for use on the next-generation space telescope to eliminate wiring between actuators and provide for true mechanical isolation     

2D phase-conjugated retrodirective array with information carrying capability

A new two-dimensional (2D) phase-conjugated retrodirective array with star-shaped antenna elements is proposed. The phase conjugators provide high isolation of -48 dB between RF and IF ports when RF/IF signals share the same ports in a balanced hybrid. By on-off keying modulation of the local oscillator (LO), the new 2D phase-conjugated retrodirective array can reflect the signal back to the interrogator with the modulation signal carried on it for information exchange. Experimental results show that this array can achieve 2D retrodirectivity within 120deg angle of wide scan range at arbitrary signal polarisation and injection direction     

Broadening of the RF Power-Density Window for Calcium-ion Efflux from Brain Tissue

Blackman et al. [1], [2] have reported enhanced efflux of calcium ions from chicken forebrains, exposed in vitro in a 50 ?stripline to 147 MHz radiation, modulated sinusoidally at 16 Hz. When the spacing between the sample tubes was 3.8 cm on center, enhancement occurred at an incident power density of 0.83 mW/cm2, but not at 0.11, 0.5S, 1.11, or 1.38 mW/cm2. When the spacing between sample tubes was reduced to 1.9 cm, significant enhanced efflux was observed at incident power densities of 0.55, 0.83, 1.11, and 1.38 mW/cm2. This broadening of the effective power-density range is explained herein by calculations which show that the more closely spaced samples interact electrically in a way that both lowers and broadens the range of spatial variation-of absorbed power density (MW/cm3) within the sample for a given incident power density (mW/cm2). Electrical coupling among the samples allows several different values of incident power to yield exactly the same value of power absorbed at given points within the brain sample. Because the absorbed power density must be directly related to the power that interacts with the brain to enhance the efflux of calcium ions, the electromagnetic conditions for efflux enhancement in coupled and uncoupled brains are the same if the absorbed power density is the same. Ranges of absorbed power density are identified that could be effective in enhancing the efflux of calcium ions from the brain tissue.     

高隔离度双极化孔径耦合天线设计

采用多层贴片、垂直双H型孔径耦合结构设计了一种高隔离度双极化孔径耦合微带天线。主要通过实测分析不同贴片间距以及孔径大小对天线隔离度的影响,确定了最佳贴片间距和孔径尺寸。经AgilentES062A矢量网络分析仪实测,得出天线两个端口的回波损耗在2．4～2．5GHz能达到一16dB以下,在工作频段内双端口隔离度优于一31dB,与仿真结果吻合较好。该设计结构简单,成本低廉,易于制作,且可作为双极化基站阵列天线单元。     

5.8-GHz circularly polarized dual-rhombic-loop traveling-wave rectifying antenna for low power-density wireless power transmission applications

This paper reports a right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) high-efficiency traveling-wave rectifying antenna (rectenna) designed in a coplanar stripline (CPS) circuit that is etched on a Rogers Duroid 5870 substrate with /spl epsiv//sub r/=2.2 and 20-mil thickness. A 4 /spl times/ 1 traveling-wave array of RHCP high-gain dual-rhombic-loop antennas (DRLAs) and a reflecting plane are used to provide highly efficient RF-to-DC conversion in the presence of lower power densities regardless of the rectenna's broadside orientation. The DRLA array has a circularly polarized antenna gain of 14.6 dB with a 2:1 voltage standing-wave ratio bandwidth of 17% and a better than 3 dB axial ratio fractional bandwidth of 7% centered about 5.8 GHz. The rectenna achieves 82% RF-to-DC conversion efficiency at 5.8 GHz and uses a low-profile CPS band-reject filter to suppress the re-radiated second harmonic by over 14 dB. The rectenna operating at low power density should have many applications when the transmitting power is low and/or the transmission distance is long.