基于光纤光栅编解码和修正素数跳频码的一种光码分多址系统方案研究

在素数跳频码（PHCs）的基础上，研究了修正素数跳频码（MPHCs）的构造方法和性能，提出了基于光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）编解码实现修正素数跳频码这种二维地址码的光码分多址（OCDMA）系统方案。并通过对素数跳频码和修正素数跳频码这两种码字误码性能的分析，得到以下结论：对于相同的素数P，当系统误码率（BER）B≤10^-9，P≥37时，修正素数跳频码所容纳的最大用户数大于素数跳频码；在光纤布拉格光栅阵列上修正素数跳频码所需要的编码光栅数相对素数跳频码减少（P一1）／2个，从而降低了光纤布拉格光栅阵列的制作难度。     

一种新的二维光正交码的构造与性能分析

以OCFHC(一次重合跳频码)作为时间扩频序列,OCS(单重合序列)作为波长跳频序列,构造了一种新的二维光正交码OCFHC/OCS。分析OCFHC/OCS的码字性能,得到了码字的互相关均值表达式,并对该码字的误码率进行了仿真比较。仿真结果表明,当码重和任意两个相邻"切普"波长的最小间隔一定时,增加OCFHC/OCS码的跳波长数,不仅可以降低MWOCDMA(多波长光码分多址)系统的误码率,还可以增加码字容量;与OOC(光正交码)/OCS码相比,OCFHC/OCS码的码字性能更优。     

MPC/OOC二维地址码的构造及性能分析

基于光正交跳频码构造原理,用改进素数码作为时域扩频模式,光正交码为频域跳频模式,构造了适用于光码分多址(OCDMA)系统的MPC／OOC二维地址码。和现有二维地址码相比,该MPC／OOC二维组合码容量更大,通过有规律地分组,每组内码字具有良好的自相关和互相关性能,同时每组内具有较大的码容量。     

频域跳频/时间扩频混合光CDMA编码及其编解码器结构

本文提出了一种新的频域跳频、时间扩频混合光CDMA编码方案,并提出了其编、解码器结构.这种新的编码方案利用(L,ω,1)-光正交码（OOC）为频域跳频模式,以素数码（Prime Code）为时间扩频模式,我们称之为Prime/OOC 码.该码具有良好的自相关、互相关性能和大的容量,更为重要的是,该混合码的编、解码器可以通过多布喇格光纤光栅来实现.相对于时间扩频码分多址系统的编、解码器,这种编、解码器更简单,容易变址和集成.     

频域跳频／时间扩频混合光CDMA编码及礤编解码器结构

本文提出了一种新的频域跳频、时间扩频混合光CDMA编码方案,并提出了其编、解码器结构。这种新的编码方案利用（L,w,1)-光正交码（OOC）为频域跳频模式,以素数码（Prime Code)为时间扩频模式,我们称之为Prine/OOC码。该码具有良好的自相关、互相关性能和大的容量,更为重要的是,该混合码的编、解码器可以通过多布喇格光纤光栅来实现。相对于时间扩频码分多址系统的编、解码器、这种编、解码器更简单,容易变址和集成。     

基于二次全等跳频码的跳频光码分多址系统

从跳频光码分多址(FH-OCDMA)系统的扩频特征出发,推导出具有良好相关性能的扩频码所能达到的最大码容量,再利用二次全等理论为跳频光码分多址系统构造出一种具有最大码容量的扩频码——二次全等跳频码(QCHC),并给出了构造实例。在此基础上,运用光纤布拉格光栅序列作为编解码器设计了一种跳频光码分多址系统的实现方案,并对该系统的性能进行了详细的分析。结果表明,采用二次全等跳频码的跳频光码分多址系统具有设计简单、用户容量大和误码率低等方面的优点。     

一种新的二维光正交码及其性能分析

以光正交码(OOC)作为时间扩频序列,以单重合序列(OCS)作为波长跳频序列,构造了一种新的二维光正交码,即光正交码/单重合序列。与其他二维光正交码相比,光正交码/单重合序列的波长数并不局限于素数或素数幂,可以是任意整数,不仅构造灵活,而且可充分利用多波长光码分多址(MW OCDMA)系统的有效波长数。分析了光正交码/单重合序列码字的自相关和互相关性能,并得到了其互相关均值的具体表达式。最后,针对多波长光码分多址不同的系统参数,对不同参数的光正交码/单重合序列码字性能进行了分析和讨论:1)给定单重合序列参数和光正交码的码重,增加码长将降低光码分多址系统误码率;2)给定光正交码的参数和单重合序列的码长,增加波长数将降低光码分多址系统误码率。     

同步跳频素数码及其在OCDMA系统中的应用

从跳频素数码的构造方法出发,为同步混合直扩/跳频光码分多址(DS/FH-OCDMA)系统构造了一种新的扩频码一同步跳频素数码,并给出了构造方法和构造实例.在此基础上,运用阵列波导光栅作为编解码器设计了一种同步DS/FH-OCDMA系统的实现方案,并对该系统进行了详细的性能分析.结果表明,基于同步跳频素数码的同步Ds/FH-OCDMA系统具有用户容量大和误码率低等方面的优点.     

布拉格光栅间距限制速率对光码分多址系统特性的影响

在全光接入技术中，光码分多址(OCDMA)以其抗干扰性强、保密性好以及用户接人灵活等优点，成为当前研究热点。光码分多址技术中的关键技术之一是地址码的编解码，一维编码方案有素数码，光正交码等，采用了波长和时间的二维编码主要有素数跳频码，二维光正交码等。采用二维编码的光码分多址可以大大增加系统用户容量，更适合于高性能、多用户、接人灵活的全光接入网。     

一种新的光CDMA编码方案

本文以光正交码（OOC）为基础,提出了一种新的光CDMA编码方案。这种新的方案充分利用了已有的成熟的OOC编码技术,可以灵活方便地构造出光正交跳频以及光正交时间/频率组合码。这种新的地址码具有良好的自相关、互相关性能、较大的容量和良好的系统性能,还可以灵活地和现有的光天源器件相匹配。     

基于非线性光纤环镜的OCDMA全光码字转换方法

提出了一种利用非线性光纤环镜(NOLND实现二维全光码字转换方法,设计了基于NOLM的码字转换方案,并进行了系统性能仿真分析.研究结果表明:该方法能够成功实现系统的数据传输;采用这种码字转换方法,系统误码率性能远远高于没有进行码字转换的系统性能.     

Design and analysis of a dynamic code division multiple access communication system based on tunable optical filter

A dynamic optical code division multiple access (DOCDMA) communication system is proposed for high-bandwidth communication systems. An implementation of the system is proposed based on a fast tunable optical filter (TOF) in each encoder and decoder. This technique actively modulates the central wavelength of a TOF according to a functional code at the transmitter during the bit period before the transmission of the data. The system is modeled and analyzed taking into account multiple access interference (MAI), thermal noise, and phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN). The performance of this system is compared to that of a spectral amplitude coding system that uses either a Hadamard code or a modified quadratic congruence (MQC) code. The results show that the proposed DOCDMA system reduces the PIIN effect on the performance of the system and improves the bit error rate (BER) performance at a large number of users. Furthermore, it is found that when the effective power is large enough, the MAI becomes the main factor that limits system performance, whereas when the effective power is relatively low, both thermal noise and PIIN become the main limiting factors with thermal noise having the main influence.     

Variable-length code construction for incoherent optical CDMA systems

The purpose of this study is to investigate the multirate transmission in fiber-optic code-division multiple-access (CDMA) networks. In this article, we propose a variable-length code construction for any existing optical orthogonal code to implement a multirate optical CDMA system (called as the multirate code system). For comparison, a multirate system where the lower-rate user sends each symbol twice is implemented and is called as the repeat code system. The repetition as an error-detection code in an ARQ scheme in the repeat code system is also investigated. Moreover, a parallel approach for the optical CDMA systems, which is proposed by Marić et al., is also compared with other systems proposed in this study. Theoretical analysis shows that the bit error probability of the proposed multirate code system is smaller than other systems, especially when the number of lower-rate users is large. Moreover, if there is at least one lower-rate user in the system, the multirate code system accommodates more users than other systems when the error probability of system is set below 10⁻⁹.     

On efficient code acquisition of optical orthogonal codes in optical CDMA systems

This letter presents an efficient method for optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) code acquisition based on unipolar optical orthogonal codes. We propose a two-dwell acquisition procedure and provide closed form expressions to analyze the system?s error probabilities. Our results match the Multiple Shift (MS) algorithm, recently introduced in the literature, and show that our procedure can achieve the same system performance with a lower computational complexity.     

A bipolar-bipolar code for asynchronous wavelength-time optical CDMA

We propose a modified bipolar-bipolar code for wavelength-time optical code-division multiple access. The new code uses Gold sequences for time spreading, in place of Barker sequences in our previously proposed bipolar-bipolar code. The new code has a cardinality of N+1 times greater than the original code, because there exist N+2 Gold sequences, but only one Barker sequence, for a given code length N. Since the new code is modified from the original code, there is no increase in hardware complexity. The average performance of the new code is analyzed and found very close to that of the original code. In other words, the new code can support greater cardinality without worsening average performance or increasing hardware complexity.     

Performance evaluation of optical code division multiple access systems

In this paper, a new mechanism of faster routing known as message priority and fast routing (MPFR) mechanism in optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) is proposed for optimization of routing performance and to provide effective data transfer. In this proposed work, we have reduced the size of the header bits which are used in MPFR mechanism. In proposed algorithm, with accordance to packet header, the message size is being increased and priority bit is being added which leads to faster data transfer rate and effective data transfer in OCDMA. The transmitter sent the 2D codes to the MPFR which is then added priority bit. If the cover bit in any codes is enabling then the code is considered to be a priority packet and its superior bit then the code is considered to be routing. A modern novel approach which reduces the overhead for fast data transfer is proposed on name of MPFR. Thus the routing can be faster and the codes to be sent are being priorities and send. Thus the OCDMA can now become much faster to be used in critical areas. MPFR protocol, which prioritizes the code with high priority and also it reduces the header processing time of the codes with increase in message size. The prioritization of the code helped to process the particular code first and then rest of the codes and with increase in message size, help to reduce the transmission and processing time of the packet header.     

Multi-carrier CDMA system using a code orthogonalising filter

Detection using a code orthogonalising filter in the reverse link of a multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) system is discussed. In addition, a scheme which can reduce hardware complexity is proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed MC-CDMA system has superiority in performance over an MC-CDMA system under a multi-user environment     

Multiple-shift code acquisition of optical orthogonal codes in optical CDMA systems

In this paper, we introduce a new and advanced algorithm, namely, multiple-shift algorithm for code acquisition in optical code-division multiple access (CDMA) systems using unipolar optical orthogonal codes (OOCs) as signature sequences. We analyze the performance of the newly proposed algorithm and obtain a bound on its performance and show its advantage in reducing the mean time of synchronization when compared with other synchronization methods. The algorithm can be used with many different receiver structures, like active or passive correlator with or without hardlimiter(s). However, in this paper, we only consider the simple active correlator structure for further discussions and analysis.     

OCDMA系统二维QPC地址码的设计和性能研究

通过对光纤信道波长片和时间片的重新组合,提出了一种新的适用于二维OCDMA系统的素数码(2D-QPC)的结构方案;给出了具体的码字设计步骤和过程;运用有限域理论,分析了码字的相关特性.在此基础上,根据"撞击法'研究2D-QPC应用于同步OCDMA系统时的用户容量和误码性能.结果表明:较之一维QPC,2D-QPC的相关特性有了很大的改进,最大自相关旁瓣由1降为0,最大互相关由2降为1;2D-QPC在系统容量上也有很大提高,在相同带宽,传输速率相同的情况下,比一维QPC的系统容量增加p 1倍.     

Design and analysis of synchronous dynamic frequency hopping code division multiple access communication system

An optical dynamic frequency hopping code division multiple access communication system is proposed. In this system, an electrically controlled tunable optical filter (TOF) is used to encode the modulated broadband light source. The code depends on the function set to the controller. Two-dimensional code, named functional code, is also proposed based of shifted sine function. The function defines the dynamic coding pattern of the central wavelength of the transmitted narrowband optical signal. Thus, the system will allow for an easy reconfiguration of the transmitter without the need for sophisticated encoder. At the receiver, a synchronized TOF with the same function is used as a decoder. The system is modeled and analyzed taking into account the multiple access interference, phase induced intensity noise, and thermal noise. The performance of this system is shown to be better compared with a fast frequency hopping system and a spectral amplitude coding system that uses either a Hadamard code, a modified quadratic congruence code (MQC), or a modified frequency hopping code (MFH).