数据元素的标准化方法（5）——数据元素标准化阶段

阐述了数据元素标准化的四个阶段:确定数据需求,制定数据标准,批准数据标准和实施数据标准,并对每个阶段涉及的标准化步骤给出了较为详细的描述,最后指出数据元素的标准化阶段要有数据字典管理系统来支持.     

WiMAX标准体系研究

WiMAX得到了业界的广泛支持,其标准化进程不断推进.本文给出了WiMAX标准化组织IEEE 802.16工作组和WiMAX论坛的组织机构,分析了两大组织之间的相互关系,探讨了WiMAX最新标准化进展,从空中接口标准、一致性标准和共存标准三方面介绍了IEEE 802.16系列标准现状.     

飞利浦推出符合全球标准的RFID芯片 UCODE EPC1.19,支持UHF全球产品电子代码(EPCglobal)标准化运动

飞利浦电子公司日前推出了一个符合全球标准的RFID芯片-UCODE EPC 1.19,支持UHF全球产品电子代码(EPCglobal)标准化运动。该新芯片用于货盘和装箱识别,支持96位EPCglobal编码标准化,能有效地协助零售商和供货商在最短时间内符合G2类EPCglobal标准的要求。支持UCODE EPC 1.19的硬件透过容易执行的韧体升级便可支持G2标准。     

ITSS助力上海市信息技术服务业发展

信息化建设与标准化工作互为基础,关系密切。与此同时,信息技术服务业的快速发展也急需标准支持,特别是适合我国具体实际的标准。随着上海信息服务业的快速发展,其对标准化的需求日趋迫切,也对标准化工作也提出了新的要求。1快速发展的上海市信息技术服务业需要国家标准的支持当前,上海正在加快现代化的国际经济、金融、     

中关村将打造2～3个世界范围内有技术主导权的产业集群

中关村的标准化工作一直是中关村在建设具有全球性科技创新园区中一项非常重要的工作.过去一段时间,中关村标准化工作取得了一定的成绩:初步形成了政府引导,企业为主体、部门协作、中介支持的适应首都高新区域产业发展的标准化工作体系和长效工作机制:成立中关村标准创新服务中心,全力推动中关村标准创建工作,积极探索多层次、立体化的标准创新激励机制;标准创新能力得到显著提高.     

量子信息技术综合标准化研究

给出了量子信息技术的概念范畴,梳理了国内外政策支持情况及国际国内标准化发展情况。结合上述研究,同时考虑了标准技术成熟度分析方法,给出了量子信息技术综合标准化分析,提出量子信息技术综合标准化工作思路。     

多媒体通信的国际标准化

综述了以多媒体为核心的信息通信的国际标准化活动情况，重点介绍了支持多媒体通信的网络标准化，视听多媒体的标准框架，视听多媒体终端入网，活动图像编码和语音编码等的国际标准化现状及今后的活动。     

WiMAX标准化进展

WiMAX得到了业界的广泛支持,其标准化进程不断推进.文章首先分析了WiMAX标准的分类方法、标准名称、通过时间、发布时间和当前状态,并从空中接口标准、一致性标准和共存标准三方面对IEEE 802.16系列标准的最新发展进行了研究.     

业内信息

国家标准委推出标准化自主创新12项新举措近日,国家标准委主任刘平均在国家标准委全体会议上提出了标准化自主创新的12项举措。⑴形成以企业为主体参与国际标准和国家标准制修订的新机制;⑵形成以龙头企业的专家为主体参与国际、国内标准化技术委员会、分技术委员会和工作组的新机制;⑶完成中国标准化专家委员会的组建工作;⑷设立标准化创新贡献奖,充分调动全社会、尤其是企业界标准化自主创新的积极性;⑸改变现行企业标准备案制度,重点对涉及人身健康安全的企业标准实行责任制审查备案制度;⑹确立团体标准的法律地位,鼓励和支持企业将自主…     

下一代网络:无所不在的网络和服务

NGN标准研究转型 ITU-T在标准化领域对于无所不在的网络的支持和推动,表明了ITU向服务于信息社会的战略转型已经取得了实质性的进展。在技术、标准以及应用的合力推动下,无所不在的网络正朝我们走来。     

IEEE 802.11与802.16系列标准的分析与比较

介绍和分析了用于构建宽带WLAN的IEEE 802．11系列标准与构建宽带WMAN的IEEE 802．16系列标准,对二者所涉及的技术特点和主要参数分别作了详细的比较,并阐述了它们的关系及其应用。     

两种列车空调振动试验标准的对比分析

列车空调的测试标准主要有TB／T1804-2003和IEC61373—1999,但这两种标准在试验目的、试验方法等方面都有着很大的不同。为了便于生产厂家选择合适的试验标准,针对两种标准的异同进行了分析。并说明各自侧重的适用范围。     

ITSS运维系列标准与ISO/IEC20000标准的关系

在详细介绍ITSS运维系列标准和ISO/IEC 20000系列标准的内容及各部分标准之间关系的基础上,对两类标准从主要内容、核心原理、适用范围、未来发展方向,以及区别和联系等方面进行了详细分析.两类标准均为面向服务的标准,从实施角度看,它们之间不是等同关系,而是互相促进的关系.     

Allocation and scheduling algorithms for IEEE 802.14 and MCNS inhybrid fiber coaxial networks

IEEE 802.14 and MCNS (multimedia cable network system) are two standards developed for the hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC) CATV networks. Both standards model an upstream channel as a stream of minislots. But their philosophies on resolving collisions in the shared upstream channel are rather different, where IEEE 802.14 adopts the priority+FIFO first-transmission rule and the n-ary tree retransmission rule, and MCNS adopts the binary exponential backoff algorithm with adjustable window sizes. Both provide reservation access, while IEEE 802.14 and MCNS also support isochronous access and immediate access, respectively. In this paper, we try to prepare a suggestion list for vendors on how to allocate minislots for reservation access and immediate access and how to schedule the reserved bandwidth, which greatly affect the performance of a cable network and are left open by the standards     

Calibration procedures with series impedances and unknown linessimplify on-wafer measurements

Procedures to calibrate network analyzers using unknown calibration lines and series impedances are presented. These LZY and LZN self-calibration procedures are specifically suited for measurements on planar and integrated circuits. By means of the self-calibration algorithm, the propagation constant of the line standards and the quantities of the reflection standards Y and N are determined. The LZN procedure requires three two-port standards, whereas the LZY procedure deals with two standards only. The fact that it is neither necessary nor advisable to know all standards completely allows the realization of the planar calibration standards in an easy way. Both self-calibration procedures according to the seven-term model are based on closed mathematical solutions so that the accuracies are good, as demonstrated by measurement results     

Bluetooth and Wi-Fi wireless protocols: a survey and a comparison

Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) are two communication protocol standards that define a physical layer and a MAC layer for wireless communications within a short range (from a few meters up to 100 m) with low power consumption (from less than 1 mW up to 100 mW). Bluetooth is oriented to connecting close devices, serving as a substitute for cables, while Wi-Fi is oriented toward computer-to-computer connections, as an extension of or substitution for cabled LANs. In this article we offer an overview of these popular wireless communication standards, comparing their main features and behaviors in terms of various metrics, including capacity, network topology, security, quality of service support, and power consumption.     

The Effect of Incentives on the Performance of International IT Standardization Experts

In this paper, we investigate the determinant factors of performance of global standardization experts in their standardization activities. Standards experts of various nationalities were surveyed to assess incentives that may positively influence the performance of standards professionals. As a basis for this study, we make three main assumptions. First, incentives can be important determinant factors of performance among standards experts. Second, standardization is in the public interest, insofar as the efficiency gains resulting from standardization benefit society as a whole. Third, based on this assumption that standardization is in the public interest, we propose that performance determinants for standardization activities tend to be non‐monetary in nature rather than monetary. We find that, in order to improve performance among international standards experts, a better understanding of their aspirations and needs must be gained so that appropriate incentives may be proposed to them. Our analysis reveals that the two most important determinant factors of performance are the recognition of the professional status of international standards experts, and an environment providing support systems to help them perform to their fullest potential.     

Teleaction services: standards and architectures

The article provides a review of the standards and architectures that can be used to implement teleaction services. Although they are already penetrating the market and are recognized as having substantial potential for growth, the work on standardization of these services is not complete. The article analyzes the variety of implementation architectures and standards that may be deployed; illustrates the cost benefits that can be achieved by deploying new technologies; and guides the standardization process by identifying the critical areas where standards will have maximum impact on business development. Drawing an architectural framework for the provision of teleaction services, the authors identify the generic capabilities for the support of teleaction services and analyze the main architectural implementations for teleaction services. Several types of networks based on existing technology are reviewed. ISDN-based implementations and their associated standards are described, and aspects such as protocols, interconnection of networks, and migration from current arrangements to ISDN implementations are analyzed. Quality of service (QOS) is of central importance. Requirements for QOS are reviewed mainly by reviewing some of the European standards. The significant progress in standardization of home systems is considered and a review of the major products and technical trends in home systems and their use as customer premises equipment for teleaction services is then presented. Finally, the authors review a system under development in Denmark and draw some conclusions     

Experimental results of radio-frequency radiation measurements from cellular telephones

Measurement results of radio-frequency field strength from cellular telephones are reported. Transportable and hand-held portable sets were used for the study, and their radiation levels were compared with the International Radiation Protection Agency (IRPA) and UK exposure standards as a function of distance for two operational environments. The hand-held portable set, which uses very low-power transmissions, was found to have radiation levels well within the prescribed limits. For the transportable radiophone, exposure levels are within limits for the UK standards, but are violated at certain points close to the antenna for IRPA standards. However, the position of the antenna in such telephones is well away from the user under normal operating conditions, where the radiation levels are well within limits.<>     

宽色域视频标准ITU-R BT.1361与IEC 61966-2-4的分析和比较

ITU-R BT.1361和IEC 61966-2-4(xvYCC)是关于宽色域视频系统的2个标准,它们扩展色域的方法不尽相同.以电视系统中广泛使用的彩条测试信号为例,分析了两者间的差异、计算了实际可用信号幅度范围并比较了它们的色域大小.结果表明,在与常规色域兼容传输情况下,2种标准虽均可扩展色域,但数值不够大,进一步研究扩展色域方法的空间仍较大.