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1.
基于时延约束的改进型实时QoS多播路由算法   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
多播技术是将特定数据选择性地传送至多个客户端的方法,因而其服务质量是评价其优劣的关键.结合FLSPT算法和贪婪法思想,提出一种基于时延约束的改进型实时QoS多播路由算法,它利用启发式策略,使得节点在多播树时能满足时延约束的条件下建立最小代价路径.测试结果表明,采用该算法可获得较小的端到端时延,能改善网络服务质量,适用于成员数目变化频繁的多播应用.  相似文献   

2.
随着计算机网络的不断发展,大量多媒体应用要求网络具有满足QoS约束的多播功能.应用多播的关键是确定有效的多播路由,即求解最优Steiner树.目前提出的大部分都是集中式的或本质上是集中式的启发式算法,关于分布式算法的研究还比较少.本文提出了一种基于蚁群算法的分布式多播路由算法.该算法在源节点不掌握整个网络信息的情况下,利用网络的局部启发式信息和蚂蚁留下的信息素建立最优的多播路由.结合多播路由问题的特点,对算法进行了改进,使算法的收敛速度和解的质量都得到了较大的提高.仿真实验结果验证了该算法的有效性.  相似文献   

3.
一种多约束QoS多播路由算法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
孔令山  丁炜 《通信学报》2003,24(7):30-36
提出了带宽时延约束、代价最小的QoS多播路由模型,并提出了一种启发式算法求解该问题,分析了算法的复杂度。仿真试验证明,该算法是稳定有效的。它能够在满足两种约束的情况下,使多播树的代价优化。  相似文献   

4.
针对Ad Hoc网络中带QoS约束的多播路由问题,提出了一种新的结合MAODV多播路由发现方法和粒.子群优化算法的QoS多播路由发现算法。仿真试验显示该算法较好地改进了端到端传输的代价、延时和带宽利用率,能够找到一棵消耗趋于最小、状态稳定的多播路由树。  相似文献   

5.
在许多多播应用中,降低多播树网络费用非常重要.本文提出了加权的基于多播节点的多播路由算法(WDDMC算法).由于改变了DDMC(Destination-Driven routing for low-cost Multicast )算法中的指示函数,适当降低了多播节点作为中间节点的优先级,提高非多播节点作为中间节点的优先级,从而使得多播树更接近最小Steiner树.在随机网络上的仿真结果表明,WDDMC算法的多播树网络费用优于DDMC算法.该算法的复杂度与DDMC算法完全相同.  相似文献   

6.
动态QoS多播路由协议   总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24       下载免费PDF全文
李腊元  李春林 《电子学报》2003,31(9):1345-1350
本文主要研讨了具有QoS约束的动态多播路由问题.文中描述了一种适用于QoS多播路由的网络模型,提出了一种动态QoS多播路由协议(DQMRP),该协议能操作在单播路由协议的顶层,它只要求网络链路(或节点)的局部状态信息,不需要维护全局状态信息.DQMRP可有效地减少构造一棵多播树的开销,多播组成员可动态地加入/退出多播会晤.该协议可搜索多条可行树枝,并能选择一条最优(或近优)树枝将新成员连接到多播树.文中给出了DQMRP的正确性证明和复杂性分析,并通过仿真实验验证了该协议的可用性和有效性.  相似文献   

7.
Ad Hoc网络中一种基于QoS的分布式多播路由算法   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
石坚  邹玲 《通信学报》2003,24(6):60-68
通过分析Ad Hoe网络的特点及基于QoS的多播路由问题,提出了一种新的分布式多播路由算法。实验和分析的结果表明,文中构造的路由方案成功地解决了Ad Hoe网中基于QoS的多播路由问题。当Ad Hoe网络的拓扑结构改变不太快时,本文提出的路由方案不仅满足了实时业务对网络带宽和端到端延时的要求,优化了路由树的代价,而且有效地控制了算法的复杂性并可适用于大规模的网络中。  相似文献   

8.
孙伟  罗俊海  肖志辉 《电信科学》2011,27(12):90-96
在数据交换网络中,颜色树是一种通过节点不相交的多路径路由数据报文的有效方法。这种方法中组建两棵以某一节点为根节点的颜色树,即Red树和Blue树,网络中各节点到根节点的路径是节点不相交的。本文在分析和研究SimCT算法的基础上,提出了一种基于颜色树的多播树生成方法及单节点/链路故障的多播通信恢复方案。该方法根据SimCT算法构造的颜色树来组建一棵多播转发树,在多播树中单节点或单链路故障后,故障检测节点本地执行故障恢复方案,将受影响的故障节点的下游子树重新连接到多播树。仿真实验表明,本文所提出的多播树生成方案相比现有方案可以减少网络资源的浪费,并且故障恢复后的代价与原多播通信树相当。  相似文献   

9.
提出了一种新的探索算法,它根据源与目的节点的时延约束,构造最低代价的多播树。并且可以在网络节点请求加入或离开时,通过更新现有的多播树,实现多播的动态维护。对该算法进行了仿真,并与现有的一些算法进行了比较。  相似文献   

10.
在视频会议等多播应用中,降低多播树网络费用非常重要。本文提出了基于关键节点和目的节点的多播路由KDDMC算法。由于在算法中优先考虑采用关键节点,实现更多链路的共享,从而降低网络费用。在随机网络上的仿真结果表明,KDDMC算法的多播树网络费用优于SPH算法。同时证明了KDDMC算法的复杂度为O(n^3),且利用所提出的路由表算法易于分布式实现。  相似文献   

11.
New multimedia applications provide guaranteed end‐to‐end quality of service (QoS) and have stringent constraints on delay, delay‐jitter, bandwidth, cost, etc. The main task of QoS routing is to find a route in the network, with sufficient resources to satisfy the constraints. Most multicast routing algorithms are not fast enough for large‐scale networks and where the source node uses global cost information to construct a multicast tree. We propose a fast and simple heuristic algorithm (EPDT) for delay‐constrained routing problem for multicast tree construction. This algorithm uses a greedy strategy based on shortest‐path and minimal spanning trees. It combines the minimum cost and the minimum radius objectives by combining respectively optimal Prim's and Dijkstra's algorithms. It biases routes through destinations. Besides, it uses cost information only from neighbouring nodes as it proceeds, which makes it more practical, from an implementation point of view. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

12.
In this paper, we discussed the issues of QoS multicast routing in cognitive radio ad hoc networks. The problem of our concern was: given a cognitive radio ad hoc network and a QoS multicast request, how to find a multicast tree so that the total bandwidth consumption of the multicast is minimized while the QoS requirements are met. We proposed two methods to solve it. One is a two‐phase method. In this method, we first employed a minimal spanning tree‐based algorithm to construct a multicast tree and then proposed a slot assignment algorithm to assign timeslots to the tree links such that the bandwidth consumption of the tree is minimized. The other is an integrated method that considers the multicast routing together with the slot assignment. Extensive simulations were conducted to show the performance of our proposed methods. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

13.
With the spread of multimedia group applications, the construction of multicast trees satisfying the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements becomes a problem of prime importance. A principal factor of these real‐time applications is to optimize the delay‐ and delay variation‐bounded multicast tree (DVBMT) problem. This problem is to satisfy the minimum delay variation and the end‐to‐end delay within an upper bound. The DVBMT problem is known as an NP‐complete problem. The representative algorithms are the DVMA, the DDVCA, and the ECS algorithm. In this paper, we show that the proposed ESC algorithm outperforms the DDVCA and the ECS algorithm. The efficiency of our algorithm is verified through performance evaluation and the enhancement is up to about 19.6% in terms of normalized surcharge for multicast delay variation. The time complexity of our algorithm is O(mn2), which is comparable to the well‐known DDVCA. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

14.
In this paper we propose a QoS‐based routing algorithm for dynamic multicasting. The complexity of the problem can be reduced to a simple shortest path problem by applying a Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) service discipline. Using a modified Bellman–Ford algorithm, the proposed routing builds a multicast tree, where a node is added to the existing multicast tree without re‐routing and satisfying QoS constraints. With user defined life‐time of connection this heuristic algorthm builds multicast tree which is near optimum over the whole duration of session. Simulation results show that tree costs are nearly as good as other dynamic multicast routings that does not consider QoS. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

15.
一种基于延时及带宽受限的启发式组播路由算法   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7       下载免费PDF全文
石坚  董天临  邹玲  贺聿志 《电子学报》2001,29(8):1113-1116
在分析了网络中基于延时和带宽受限的组播路由优化问题的基础上,本文提出了一种新的启发式算法,并进行了实验和分析.结果表明文中构造的路由方案成功地解决了当网络中存在多组组播业务时的QoS路由选择问题.此方案不仅保证了带宽、端到端延时,优化了路由树的代价,而且有效地控制了算法的复杂性并可适用于大规模的网络中.  相似文献   

16.
The advent of various real-time multimedia applications in high-speed networks creates a need for quality of service (QoS) based multicast routing. The Steiner tree problem, is a well-known NP-complete problem, provides the mathematical structure behind multicast communications. Two important QoS constraints are the bandwidth constraint and the end-to-end delay constraint. In this paper, we propose various algorithms to solve the bandwidth-delay-constrained least-cost multicast routing problem based on Tabu Search (TS), addressing issues of the selected initial solution and move type as two major building blocks in short-term memory version of Tabu Search and longer-term memory with associated intensification and diversification strategies as advanced Tabu Search techniques. We evaluate the performance and efficiency of the proposed TS-based algorithms in comparison with other existing TS-based algorithms and heuristics on a variety of random generated networks with regard to total tree cost. Finally we identify the most efficient algorithm uncovered by our testing.  相似文献   

17.
With the proliferation of multimedia group applications, the construction of multicast trees satisfying quality of service (QoS) requirements is becoming a problem of prime importance. Many of the multicast applications (such as video broadcasts and teleconferencing) require the network to support dynamic multicast sessions wherein the membership of the multicast group changes with time. In this paper, we propose and evaluate an algorithm called CRCDM (controlled rearrangement for constrained dynamic multicasting) for on-line update of multicast trees to adjust to changes in group membership. The CRCDM algorithm is based on a concept called quality factor (QF) that represents the usefulness of a portion of the multicast tree to the overall multicast session. When the usefulness of a particular region of the tree drops below a threshold, a rearrangement technique is used to suitably modify the tree. Our algorithm aims to satisfy the delay constraints of all current group members, at the same time minimizing the cost of the constructed tree. We compare the performance of our algorithm, by simulation, with that of an off-line Steiner heuristic; with ARIES, a previously published algorithm for on-line update of unconstrained trees; and with the algorithm proposed by Hong, Lee and Park (see Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, p.1433-40, 1998) for on-line update of delay-constrained trees. The simulation results indicate that our algorithm provides excellent cost-competitiveness that is better than that provided by the algorithm described by Hong et al., minimizes changes in the multicast tree after each update, and performs favorably even when compared with the unconstrained ARIES heuristic  相似文献   

18.
Peer to Peer (P2P) techniques were widely applied into Web service discovery fields, but most existing schemes only focused on matching the functional attributes of Web services and ignored the non-functional attributes, i.e. quality of services (QoS). In this paper, we present a QoS-aware Web service discovery approach. The approach maps each Web service into virtual space to distribute all QoS attributes among P2P nodes, and then designs a distributed decision tree to support range service query with QoS requirements. Finally, a load balance algorithm is used to reduce range query cost. Experimental results based on synthetic and real datasets show our proposed approach can perform effective service discovery with low cost in P2P environments.  相似文献   

19.
This paper presents a novel framework for quality‐of‐service (QoS) multicast routing with resource allocation that represents QoS parameters, jitter delay, and reliability, as functions of adjustable network resources, bandwidth, and buffer, rather than static metrics. The particular functional form of QoS parameters depends on rate‐based service disciplines used in the routers. This allows intelligent tuning of QoS parameters as functions of allocated resources during the multicast tree search process, rather than decoupling the tree search from resource allocation. The proposed framework minimizes the network resource utilization while keeping jitter delay, reliability, and bandwidth bounded. This definition makes the proposed QoS multicast routing with resource allocation problem more general than the classical minimum Steiner tree problem. As an application of our general framework, we formulate the QoS multicast routing with resource allocation problem for a network consisting of generalized processor sharing nodes as a mixed‐integer quadratic program and find the optimal multicast tree with allocated resources to satisfy the QoS constraints. We then present a polynomial‐time greedy heuristic for the QoS multicast routing with resource allocation problem and compare its performance with the optimal solution of the mixed‐integer quadratic program. The simulation results reveal that the proposed heuristic finds near‐optimal QoS multicast trees along with important insights into the interdependency of QoS parameters and resources.  相似文献   

20.
一种基于带宽和时延约束的分布式组播路由算法   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
陆慧梅  向勇  史美林  杨敏 《电子学报》2002,30(Z1):1978-1981
针对已有分布式组播路由算法在寻找QoS路由时的低成功率问题,本文提出了一种新的基于带宽和时延约束的分布式组播路由算法-QDMR(QoS-based Distributed Multicast Routing).在为新组播成员搜索连接到组播树的可行路径时,QDMR算法使用RBMF(Reverse Best Metric Forwarding)转发算法代替RPF(Reverse Path Forwarding)转发算法,从而优先搜索满足带宽和时延约束要求的路径,然后才考虑代价的优化.模拟分析表明,QDMR提高了路由搜索的成功率,并且降低了协议开销.  相似文献   

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