无线侦察组网中的差错控制技术

差错控制是无线通信中需要解决的一个重要问题，尤其是军事通信，对数据的可靠传输与传输速率有很高的要求。根据侦察系统中无线信道的差错特点，提出了基于纠错效果的信道质量估计技术，为了提高系统的数据传输率，提出了“类MOS分值”信道质量评价方案，对信道质量进行分级，并对不同质量的信道采用不同的纠错方案。为使数据适应无线网络传输，对发送速率和纠错方案实现自适应控制。     

时变信道中自适应VR-HARQ研究

为了更好地解决时变信道中可靠性与吞吐率这一对矛盾,本文提出一种基于线性预测的自适应冗余可变混合ARQ(VR-HARQ)方案.在该方案中,由于时变信道的慢衰落特性,时变信道被等效为有限状态的Markov过程,每个Markov状态对应信道的不同信噪比,同时,文章详细地描述了信道吞吐率与误码率之间的数学关系,推导了每个Markov状态的最佳编码方案,然后系统采用自适应线性预测算法,根据当前个时段的信道状态,估计下一个时段信道的信噪比以及其所对应的Markov状态,最后根据吞吐率最大原则选择合适的纠错编码方案.仿真结果表明:自适应线性预测VR-HARQ方案的性能明显优于传统VR-HARQ方案.     

适用于大气弱湍流信道的自适应码率极化码

为了提高光通信链路在大气弱湍流信道下的解码性能和传输效率,基于极化码的信息位嵌套特性,设计了一种自适应码率极化码。该码字在弱湍流信道中能充分地极化,纠错效果较好。为了调节码率,引入CRC校验码作为发送端的停止标志,逐次发送更低码率的码字直到译码结果通过校验,此时的码字码率即是保证可靠传输的最大码率。不同湍流强度下的仿真结果表明,在误帧率为10-8时,相比传统极化码,自适应码率极化码可以获得1.7~2.3 dB的性能增益。对自适应码率极化码的时延进行了仿真分析,并结合误帧率得到了自适应码率极化码的信息吞吐率,结果表明,在弱湍流信道中,自适应码率极化码的信息吞吐率能满足FSO的传输需求。     

无线弱实时多媒体业务传输模型分析

提出了无线“弱实时多媒体业务”的概念。利用RTP协议的体系框架,结合自适应的ARQ重传算法,实现了新的传输模型。仿真结果显示,该传输模型很好地解决了无线“弱实时多媒体业务”传输在时延、吞吐时抖动和差错概率之间的均衡问题。     

无线视频的一种码率控制方法

无线信道的高误码率对视频图像质量有很大的影响,前向纠错(FEC)和自动重发请求(ARQ)对于降低无线信道的误码率,提高图像质量有很好的效果。通过对FEC和ARQ方法的有效性分析,在TMN8的基础上提出一种简单的混合FEC/ARQ自适应模式选择码率控制方法。该方法首先预测报文丢失数量和纠错报文传输时延,从而选择合适的纠错编码模式,并为纠错编码分配比特数。实验结果表明该方法有效降低无线信道下报文丢失率,显著提高了图像质量。     

基于网络的媒体流同步算法研究

同步是多媒体业务中一个重要的服务质量(QoS).分析网络中多媒体传输同步的基本问题,提出一种媒体内自适应缓冲控制方案.该方案采用接收瑞缓存媒体单元补偿网络的时延抖动,缓冲区采用循环队列的结构,当缓冲区达到要求预取数时,开始从缓冲区取帧.测试结果表明,应用该缓冲区方案能够补偿由于网络传输时延特性变化而引起的失步,从而使接收端播放平滑连续,对媒体通信质量有较大提高.     

MU-MIMO系统下行链路中的自适应用户调度算法

在多用户MIMO系统下行链路中,经典的半正交用户调度算法(SUS)难以控制备选用户的门限参数值,且该算法没有考虑QOS对时延的要求。为此,提出一种自适应用户调度算法(AUS),在其调度过程中根据备选用户数及基站端天线数动态改变门限参数值,同时将用户最大时延限制作为用户选择准则的权重。仿真结果表明,与其他算法比,该算法提高了系统吞吐率,在加权用户选择准则时最大可减少24%的平均时延。     

无线信道上实时视频传输的Turbo码纠错

提出了自动请求重传(ARQ)和Turbo码前向纠错的混合纠错方案,并将此方案与优先权编码传输方法巧妙地结合起来,既减少了视频数据量,又缩短了时延,达到实时传输的目的。实验结果表明,在无线信道上进行图像传输时,纠错性能好,适合于在分组丢失率较高的无线信道上传榆视频信号,而且信号的平均峰值信噪比与其他类似的方案相比要高0.8dB以上。     

延迟容忍网络自适应差错控制方法

根据延迟容忍网络的时延较大、误码率较高等特点,在现有的传输控制层和MAC层差错控制的基础上改进,结合IEEE 802.11 DCF机制的特点,提出一种基于MAC层丢包率的自适应差错控制方案.该方案能有效改善延迟容忍网络的传输时延,满足对时延要求比较敏感的业务的要求.     

增强TCP在无线链路上性能的自适应纠错机制

文章针对无线链路高误码率导致的TCP性能退化问题,提出一种适用于TCP端对端纠错机制的自适应算法,并在此基础上利用Reed-Solomon码实现一种新的TCP-ARS。TCP-ARS能自适应地根据网络丢包率、往返时延等参数调整纠错的冗余信息度,较好地解决了TCP在无线环境中的性能退化问题。     

Adaptive modulation and coding for Long Term Evolution‐based mobile satellite communication system

The adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme is mandatory for modern wireless communication systems to overcome inevitable channel impairments. Many of the limitations using AMC are due to the long round‐trip delay of a satellite system. This paper proposes an efficient AMC scheme with power control and symbol interleaving that can be effectively applied to satellite systems. In particular, we focus on mobile satellite systems that have maximum compatibility in a Long Term Evolution system. Simulations reveal that the proposed scheme can provide a maximum 10.2% increase of average beam spectral efficiency and a maximum of 8‐dB power gain compared with a conventional AMC scheme. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A novel MAC protocol for IDMA‐based multi‐beam satellite communication systems

Considering the limitations of satellite communication systems and advantages of new emerging interleave‐division multiple access (IDMA) technology, IDMA is introduced into the satellite systems, providing a new solution for multiple access techniques of satellite systems. To further validate the IDMA into satellite systems, a novel medium access control (MAC) scheme is proposed. In the random access channel, the interleave‐division slotted ALOHA method is adopted to alleviate the collision of access requests. Furthermore, a novel minimum power allocation scheme based on signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR) evolution is proposed to maximize the capacity of such an interference‐sensitive system. By virtue of SINR evolution, our proposed scheme can accurately estimate multi‐user detection efficiency with low computational cost and further reduce the transmitted power, illustrating the high power efficiency of IDMA. To further enhance the performance of the MAC protocol, an effective call admission control scheme considering the effect of power control error is designed and combined into our MAC protocol. Analysis and simulation results show that, by taking full advantage of the chip‐by‐chip multi‐user detection technique, the proposed IDMA MAC protocol achieves high throughput and low average packet delay simultaneously, with low onboard processing complexity in the multi‐beam satellite communication systems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

面向能效的低轨卫星联合跳波束调度和功率分配算法

该文针对低轨(LEO)卫星载荷容量受限且功率资源稀缺的问题,面向搭载跳波束(BH)天线的低轨卫星通信系统,提出一种联合跳波束调度和功率分配机制,在满足用户服务质量需求的前提下降低卫星通信载荷功耗,提高卫星通信系统能效。首先建立时延受限下联合考虑波束调度和功率分配的卫星功耗最小化模型。针对网络拓扑的时变特性,基于李雅普诺夫优化方法,将原多时隙优化问题转化为单时隙优化问题,然后采用交替优化的方法获得单时隙问题的次优解。其中,证明波束调度子问题是凸问题,同时通过逐次凸近似和对数变换将功率分配子问题转为凸问题,并提出相应算法获得子问题最优解。仿真结果表明,提出的策略在保证用户平均时延要求的同时,降低了低轨卫星系统平均功耗,并且可通过调整控制参数实现时延和功耗的动态平衡。     

Open-loop power control error in a land mobile satellite system

In order to combat large scale shadowing and distance losses in a land mobile satellite system, an adaptive power control (APC) scheme is essential. Such a scheme, implemented on the uplink ensures that all users' signals arrive at the base station with equal average power as they move within the satellite spot beam-an important requirement in a CDMA system. Because of the lengthy round-trip delay on a satellite link, closed-loop power control systems are only of marginal benefit. Therefore, an open-loop APC scheme is proposed to counteract the effects of shadowing and distance loss. A fairly general channel model, consisting of log-normal shadowing and Rician fading, is assumed. This can be applied to a specific two-state land mobile satellite channel model, involving shadowed intervals with Rayleigh fading and unshadowed intervals with Rician fading. It is found that the power control error can be approximated by a log-normally distributed random variable. To quantify the performance of the APC, the standard deviation of the power control error in decibels is analyzed as a function of the specular power-to-scatter power ratio, the measurement time and the vehicle velocity. To illustrate the usefulness of the results, we analyze the effect of the power control error on the system capacity of a CDMA mobile satellite link     

Hybrid access scheme based on one-phase preamble and channel monitoring/assignment for satellite communications

In this letter, we propose a hybrid access scheme for satellite communications, taking into account the long propagation delay. The proposed scheme uses the one-phase preamble of 3GPP2 for fast access and applies the channel monitoring/assignment scheme of 3GPP for more reliable transmission. The results of analysis and simulation show that the proposed scheme achieves high throughput and low delay according to propagation delays in satellite communication environments.     

改善卫星融合网络随机丢包和间歇性中断的方法研究*1

当移动自组织网用户通过网关经卫星网络发送数据时,存在卫星链路的长传播时延、随机丢包以及移动终端的移动性引起链接的间歇性中断,导致TCP触发拥塞控制机制而降低传输性能降低。针对以上卫星网络的特点,提出了TCP M-Veno方法。在发送端对TCP Veno进行优化改进使得它能够缓解卫星网络中长的传播时延和随机丢包的影响。在网关中结合M-TCP算法来解决卫星融合网络移动终端间歇性中断。仿真表明,所提出的TCP M-Veno比NewReno、Veno以及M-TCP有更好的传输性能。     

卫星物联网混合随机接入技术

在卫星物联网(IoT)场景中,随着终端数量不断增加,频谱资源日益紧张。传统的随机接入技术频谱利用率较低,使得传统随机接入协议不适用于未来卫星IoT的高并发业务需求。同时,卫星通信链路长,开放性强,难以保证特种终端信号的安全性。对此,本文提出一种适用于卫星IoT的混合随机接入方案。该方案引入重叠传输的容量提升与安全性优势,利用扩频码对瞬时功率谱密度的控制能力,构造功率域非正交接入条件,并通过接收端的迭代分离实现稳健接收。对本文所提方案的吞吐量性能进行闭式解推导分析与计算机仿真,结果表明,与传统的随机接入协议相比,所提方案可提高系统吞吐量。同时,相较于常用信号隐藏方法,所提方法利用常规接入数据包的功率优势,强化了波形隐藏效果,提升了特种信息接入的安全性。     

A seamless soft handover management scheme in NGEO satellite networks

Satellite networks can provide extensive geographic coverage to diverse user population, but handovers of active communications should be controlled considering the satellites' high speed. Mobile IP and many other handover algorithms have been proposed for terrestrial wireless networks. However, the satellite network exhibits several unique features compared with the terrestrial wireless networks, such as the long delay. This paper proposes a seamless soft handover scheme (S2H) for satellite networks. S2H designs an identity locator split addressing to solve the multihoming problem and applies the network coding scheme during handover. This manner is able to reduce the interference opportunity, save transmissions, and achieve low handover delay, short queue length, and high throughput. Relying on the simulation results, S2H is able to achieve better performance compared with the proposed handover algorithms in the satellite environment when there are multiple traffic flows. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

QAM-OFDM卫星通信系统PAPR抑制方法研究

正交频分复用(OFDM)具有很高的频谱利用率和良好的抗多径衰落能力,是卫星通信备受关注的新技术之一。但OFDM信号峰值平均功率比(PAPR)较高的问题限制了其在卫星通信系统中的应用。针对卫星通信高数据率和高可靠性传输的要求,提出一种新的抑制QAM-OFDM信号PAPR的部分格状(PT)成形技术,分析了QAM-OFDM卫星通信系统在AWGN、频率选择性Rician衰落信道的误比特率性能。仿真实验表明,该技术不仅能有效降低QAM-OFDM信号PAPR,结合纠错编码还可大大改善OFDM卫星通信系统误比特率性能。