An Approach to a Method of Construction of (F, K, 1) Optical Orthogonal Codes from Block Design

1 INTRODUCTION Optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) communication is a manner of communication, which combines optical fiber communication with CDMA technique and synthesizes both advantages. It possesses the characteristics of wide bandwidth, go…     

最佳(F,K,1)光正交码的构造算法研究

(F ,K ,1)光正交码 (OOC’s)是适合于光码分多址 (OCDMA)通信的最佳地址码 ,但成功构造最佳 (F ,K ,1)光正交码十分困难。针对该问题 ,研究了一种构造算法 ,给出了构造该光正交码的具体算法及相应的计算机辅助设计方法。通过该方法可以容易地构造出最佳 (F ,K ,1)光正交码。     

OCDMA系统中新型正交码的设计及性能研究

为了得到性能较为良好的正交码,采用没有重复数字的全间隔集,进行了地址码的设计和系统仿真验证,设计出的正交码具有理想的相关性和灵活的码字容量。分析整个系统,在考虑各种噪声和多址干扰的影响下,推导出正交码的误比特率公式。自行设计并搭建了采用光纤延时线作为编解码器的异步光码多分址系统。结果表明,该正交码能够适应更多用户的需求,通过误比特率公式计算和系统仿真得到的结果都较为理想,此研究对需要大容量的光码多分址系统的进一步发展具有一定的帮助。     

一种新的光CDMA编码方案

本文以光正交码（OOC）为基础,提出了一种新的光CDMA编码方案。这种新的方案充分利用了已有的成熟的OOC编码技术,可以灵活方便地构造出光正交跳频以及光正交时间/频率组合码。这种新的地址码具有良好的自相关、互相关性能、较大的容量和良好的系统性能,还可以灵活地和现有的光天源器件相匹配。     

一种新型三维光正交码的设计

基于光正交码(OOC)编码技术,提出了一种新型空/时/频三维OOC的设计方案,对光信号在时、频和空域进行编码,该码具有理想的自/互相关特性。通过仿真比较,在容量和系统的误码率等性能方面比一、二维OOC都有较大的提高,因而能很好地适应未来高密集光纤通信。     

多维地址码对OCDMA系统性能的影响

讨论了一维/二维二次素数码、光正交码的构造过程、相关性、容量等特性,分析了它们对光码分多址(OCDMA)系统误码性能和用户容量的影响.为得到不同码字与不同维数码字对OCDMA系统的误码率影响程度,仿真比较了一维、二维二次素数码和一维、二维光正交码之间的误码率与同步用户数的关系以及二维素数码与二维光正交码的误码率与同步用...     

MPC/OOC二维地址码的构造及性能分析

基于光正交跳频码构造原理,用改进素数码作为时域扩频模式,光正交码为频域跳频模式,构造了适用于光码分多址(OCDMA)系统的MPC／OOC二维地址码。和现有二维地址码相比,该MPC／OOC二维组合码容量更大,通过有规律地分组,每组内码字具有良好的自相关和互相关性能,同时每组内具有较大的码容量。     

A new family of 2-D optical orthogonal codes and analysis of its performance in optical CDMA access networks

A new family of two-dimensional optical orthogonal code (2-D OOC), one-coincidence frequency hop code (OCFHC)/OOC, which employs OCFHC and OOC as wavelength hopping and time-spreading patterns, respectively, is proposed in this paper. In contrary to previously constructed 2-D OOCs, OCFHC/OOC provides more choices on the number of available wavelengths and its cardinality achieves the upper bound in theory without sacrificing good auto-and-cross correlation properties, i.e., the correlation properties of the code is still ideal. Meanwhile, we utilize a new method, called effective normalized throughput, to compare the performance of diverse codes applicable to optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) systems besides conventional measure bit error rate, and the results indicate that our code performs better than obtained OCDMA codes and is truly applicable to OCDMA networks as multiaccess codes and will greatly facilitate the implementation of OCDMA access networks.     

一种新的二维光正交码及其性能分析

以光正交码(OOC)作为时间扩频序列,以单重合序列(OCS)作为波长跳频序列,构造了一种新的二维光正交码,即光正交码/单重合序列。与其他二维光正交码相比,光正交码/单重合序列的波长数并不局限于素数或素数幂,可以是任意整数,不仅构造灵活,而且可充分利用多波长光码分多址(MW OCDMA)系统的有效波长数。分析了光正交码/单重合序列码字的自相关和互相关性能,并得到了其互相关均值的具体表达式。最后,针对多波长光码分多址不同的系统参数,对不同参数的光正交码/单重合序列码字性能进行了分析和讨论:1)给定单重合序列参数和光正交码的码重,增加码长将降低光码分多址系统误码率;2)给定光正交码的参数和单重合序列的码长,增加波长数将降低光码分多址系统误码率。     

Counterexample of truncated Costas optical orthogonal codes

The following results are proven in this paper: 1) neither periodic autonor cross-correlation of the truncated Costas optical orthogonal code (TC OOC) is upper bounded by 1; 2) TC OOC is a class of (ω(2p-3), ω,2,2) optical orthogonal codes     

Novel combinatorial constructions of optical orthogonal codes for incoherent optical CDMA systems

Three novel classes of optical orthogonal codes (OOCs) based on combinatorial designs are proposed. They are applicable to both synchronous and asynchronous incoherent optical code-division multiple access (OCDMA) and compatible with spectral-amplitude-coding (SAC), fast frequency hopping, and time-spreading schemes. Simplicity of construction, larger codeword families, and larger flexibility in cross-correlation control make the proposed OOC families interesting candidates for future OCDMA applications. A novel balanced SAC receiver for multiuser interference cancellation that can handle unequal in-phase cross correlation of OOC is also proposed. The upper bound on the bit-error rate as a function of the number of users in SAC schemes is given for all proposed OOC classes.     

光正交码的有限射影几何设计方法

光正交码是适用于光纤CDMA系统的扩频序列。但在定义中并未给出构造、生成方法,本文研究的有限几何法是一种有效的光正交码设计方法,它可以设计出最优码。本文对此法原理、设计方法进行了研究,提出了一种计算机辅助设计方法,并给出了实际设计过程及结果。     

光码分多址系统中二维QCC码的误码性能分析

对基于一维二次同余码构成的QCC/QCC跳频扩时码和QCC/OOC跳频扩时码进行了详细的码字性能分析.通过计算不同情况下码字的碰撞次数,得出了互相关均值,并对这两种二维QCC码进行了误码率的仿真比较和理论分析,数值模拟表明,当码字长度确定时,QCC/OOC码的码字性能较QCC/QCC码更加优良,码字容量更大,但对跳频码片的要求较高.当码字容量确定时,较大p值的QCC/QCC码的码字性能更加优良,但码字长度相对较长.     

Outer-product matrix representation of optical orthogonal codes

In this letter, we introduce a whole new approach in defining and representing optical orthogonal codes (OOCs), namely, outer-product matrix representation. Instead of applying commonly used approaches based on inner product to construct OOC codes, we use the newly defined approach to obtain a more efficient algorithm in constructing and generating OOC codes. The outer-product matrix approach can obtain a family of OOC codes with a cardinality closer to the Johnson upper bound, when compared with the previously defined accelerated greedy algorithm using the inner-product approach. We believe the new look introduced in this letter on OOCs could help to devise new approaches in designing and generating OOC codes, using the rich literature in matrix algebra.     

Combinatorial constructions of optical orthogonal codes for OCDMA systems

Two novel classes of optical orthogonal code (OOC) based on balanced incomplete block designs are proposed: OOC based on mutual orthogonal Latin squares/rectangles and the codes based on finite geometries. Both OOC families can be applied to synchronous and asynchronous incoherent optical CDMA, and are compatible with spectral-amplitude-coding (SAC), time-spreading encoding and fast frequency hopping schemes. Large flexibility in cross-correlation control makes those OOC families interesting candidates for applications that require a large number of users. Novel fiber Bragg grating decoding scheme for canceling the multi-user interference from SAC-signals with nonfixed in-phase cross-correlation is proposed as well.     

OCDMA系统中一种新的多倍长光垂直码

提出了一种新的容量大、相关性好的多倍长、多波长二维光正交码（2D MW-OOC），基于多倍长一维光正交码（1DOOC）构造了MW-OOC。对同时使用具有2种码长的MW-OOC的光码分多址（OCD-MA）系统性能分析表明，使用该MW-OOC的系统性能良好，明显好于同样码长下的多倍长1-DOOC；使用短码序列的信号误码率性能好于使用长码序列信号的误码率性能。这些特征能充分发挥OCDMA系统大容量的技术优势，满足将来大容量多媒体OcDMA网络系统对同时传输的不同信号所需传输质量不同的需求。     

New Two-dimensional Modified Quadratic Congruence Code/Optical Orthogonal Code for OCDMA

A new family of two-dimensional optical orthogonal code（2-DOOC）, namely, modified quadratic congruence code（MQCC ）/optical orthogonal code（OOC） is proposed who employs MQCC and OOC as wavelength hopping and time-spreading patterns, respectively. Through analyzing the performance of MQCC/ OOC, we can see that the correlation properties of the MQCC/OOC are still ideal. Simultaneously, our analysis shows that the proposed new code families can get more cardinalities than other codes and can improve the bit error rate（BER） of optical code division multiple access（OCDMA） effectively.     

一种基于素数码和单重合序列的二维光正交码

以素数码(PC)作为时间扩频伪随机序列,以单重合序列(OCS)作为波长跳频伪随机序列,构造了一种新的二维光正交码(OOC)PC/OCS,并分析了码字的互相关性能.与素数跳频码PC/PC相比,PC/OCS的波长数并不局限于素数,可以是任意整数,不仅构造灵活,而且可充分利用多波长光码分多址(MW OCDMA)系统的有效波长数.当系统的有效波长数为大于某个素数的整数时,PC/OCS不仅码字容量大于PC/PC,而且互相关性能也有所改善,降低了MW OCDMA系统的误码率(BER).     

Optimum code structures for positive optical CDMA using normalized divergence maximization criterion

In this letter we consider optimum code structure for positive optical code division multiple-access (optical CDMA) systems. Positive systems are a class of systems that operate with positive real numbers only. We consider the effect of multipleaccess interference in our model and show that code design for both On-Off Keying (OOK) and Binary PPM optical CDMA systems results in the same solutions. Furthermore, we show that a class of codes known as optical orthogonal codes (OOCs) are the best possible positive codes. In obtaining the results we define normalized divergence based on signal-to-multipleaccess interference ratio (SIR) for a multiple-access system in a useful manner and use it as our criterion to maximize the multiple-access capability of the codes. Finally, we demonstrate that BPPM/OOC can be considered as the closest counterpart of ±1 pseudorandom sequence in radio CDMA communication systems.     

Wireless optical CDMA LAN: digital design concepts

In this paper we study and present an in-depth analysis on the operability and the viability of a typical wireless optical CDMA (OCDMA) local area network. Three receiver structures for OCDMA systems, using optical orthogonal codes (OOC) with minimum auto and cross-correlations as signature sequence, namely, correlation, correlation with hard-limiter, and chip-level detection are studied and proposed for such a network. For the synchronization circuit design the performance of two algorithms for OOC based OCDMA networks, namely, simple serial-search and multiple-shift in the context of wireless OCDMA LAN are studied. Furthermore, we study a synchronization method based on matched filtering and show that it presents a much better performance in our wireless OCDMA system. The effect of sampling rate and its performance on tracking circuit is analyzed. Bit-error-rate (BER) analysis is performed by photon counting methodology. Multi-user interference (MUI), ambient light, and photodetector dark current are considered in our analysis. Our analysis strongly indicates the viability and practicality of such systems in certain important wireless optical communications systems.