基于MWC压缩采样宽带接收机的雷达信号脉内调制识别

针对传统宽带数字接收机在接收宽带雷达信号时产生的跨信道问题,以及低截获概率(LPI)雷达信号脉内调制盲识别问题,该文提出一种基于调制宽带转换器(MWC)离散压缩采样的新型宽带数字接收机结构对宽带雷达信号进行截获和识别。该结构采用伪随机序列将接收信号混频至基带和其他子带内,经低通滤波、降速采样获得基带压缩采样信号,解决了跨信道信号问题;又提出一种基于短时傅里叶变换(STFT)和频谱能量聚焦率检验的识别算法。首先检验STFT频谱带宽并进行调相和调频信号粗识别,然后检验压缩采样信号频谱能量聚焦率并进行具体的信号脉内调制识别。仿真结果证明了该新型接收机结构和该识别算法在低信噪比下的有效性。     

基于特征值能量的压缩采样信号检测方法

压缩采样能够较好地保持稀疏信号的结构和信息,可以在不重构原信号的条件下,直接处理采样数据完成信号检测。本文针对压缩采样信号的盲检测问题,提出一种基于特征值能量的检测算法。该算法对循环频率等于零时的循环自相关矩阵进行分析并实现重构,进而利用分解得到的特征值构造检测统计量,通过研究检测统计量的分布情况确定检测门限,最终实现检测判决。实验结果表明,在相同条件下,该算法具有更好的检测性能和相对低的复杂度。      

非合作跳频信号参数的盲压缩感知估计

针对非合作跳频通信系统采样速率高,先验信息少等问题,论文提出基于盲压缩感知重构理论参数估计算法。利用稀疏编码与正交基变换交替迭代的思想实现信号精确重构,并根据重构结果直接对跳频信号进行参数估计。与传统的压缩感知理论相比,盲压缩感知理论避免了对信号先验信息的需求,有效解决了非合作通信系统中先验信息少的问题。首先,建立信号模型,然后利用正交块对角盲压缩感知算法（Orthonormal Block Diagonal Blind Compressed Sensing,OBD-BCS）实现信号的重构,并估算出跳变频率及跳变周期。通过实验分析,该方法可以在低信噪比环境下恢复信号原始结构及信息,完成参数估计。      

基于分治试探的盲自适应匹配追踪重构算法

压缩感知是一种针对稀疏可压缩信号进行压缩采样的信号处理新方法,针对现有稀疏度探测方法中探测次数较多的问题,基于分治思想提出了盲稀疏度自适应匹配追踪（BSAMP）算法,首先分治试探信号稀疏度,使得其估计值快速逼近真实值,然后通过自适应分组并扩充信号支撑域的方法,快速筛选出有效支撑,并通过弱匹配剪枝得到重构信号。可以在信号稀疏度未知的情况下,快速估计出信号的稀疏度并精确重构出原信号。仿真实验表明：在相同条件下,该算法的重构时间比其他同类算法短,且重构概率也大于其他同类算法。     

稀疏多带信号的压缩采样技术的研究

实现宽带压缩采样的结构有多种类型,在分析调制宽带转换器的采样结构的原理的基础上,针对稀疏多带信号的压缩采样,搭建了四通道的宽带压缩采样系统的原型系统平台,其中,混频调制信号是现场可编程门阵列硬件电路产生的序列。采用稀疏多频带信号作为系统的输入测试信号,并且利用另一已知的稀疏多带信号作为系统的同步信号,对宽带压缩采样原型系统进行系统仿真。该系统中的混频调制信号容易生成、实现结构简单、参数设置灵活。软件仿真及硬件测试,验证了该宽带压缩采样系统的硬件平台的正确性和可行性。     

一种新型的扩频测控信号压缩采样结构

压缩感知理论能解决航天测控领域中扩频信号高带宽引发的采样压力和数据量过大的问题,压缩采样是压缩感知理论的主要应用之一,为降低前端信号采样压力和后端信号处理压力提供了一种新的途径。针对航天测控领域中最常见的直接序列扩频信号的压缩采样技术展开研究,提出了分段并行式随机重叠采样结构,并推导出采样结构的测量矩阵,结合信号的稀疏基利用匹配追踪算法对采样值进行重构。仿真实验表明,提出的采样结构能很好地适应高带宽扩频测控信号的压缩采样,能以较高的概率从低速的压缩采样值中恢复出原信号,相较于其他压缩采样结构在重构率、计算复杂度及稳定性方面具有较为显著的优势。     

最大似然准则下的随机信号非重构压缩检测与分析

压缩采样能够较好的保持原信号的结构和信息,可以在不重构原信号条件下,直接处理采样值实现对原信号的检测。已有的信号压缩检测技术只对确知信号有效,而实际中信号多为随机信号。本文在建立基于非重构压缩采样的信号检测模型的基础上,详细推导了随机信号的最大似然检测算法,并在此基础上分析了算法的检测性能。理论分析与仿真结果表明:在虚警概率一定的条件下,检测概率随压缩比的减小呈对数增加,并且能够在获得高检测概率的同时保持较低的虚警概率;最后进一步验证了算法适用于宽带信号的检测。      

基于多PRI脉压回波的单通道雷达干扰分离方法

研究了一种基于盲源分离的单通道雷达有源相干干扰抑制方法。针对伴随式干扰场景，在间歇采样转发干扰、部分脉冲密集转发干扰等有源相干干扰并存的条件下，建立了基于脉冲压缩的多脉冲重复间隔采样抗主瓣有源相干干扰模型并对其可行性进行了证明。针对现有单通道盲源分离方法在时域进行分离效果有限的问题，提出对脉压后的距离维数据进行盲源分离的思想，可在一定程度上抑制噪声对盲源分离的影响。同时，由于目标信号和干扰信号在脉冲压缩后重合度较低，可获得更好的分离效果。仿真和实测结果表明，在多个干扰源存在的条件下，本方法可有效分离真实目标回波和干扰回波。当信噪比大于5 dB时，目标脉压回波相似系数接近100%；选取虚拟通道数越多，分离效果越好。     

多相随机子采样FFT模拟信息转换器

模拟信息转换器是实现稀疏信号压缩感知的一种装置,常用的主要结构是随机解调下采样,但是通常存在采样恢复精度低以及压缩率不高的问题。为提高压缩率及采样恢复精度,本文提出了一种多相随机子采样FFT模拟信息转换器实现方法,该模拟信息转换器由多相分频移相器、伪随机数发生器、多路并行低速ADC以及累加器组成。该方法利用信号在频域循环卷积后下采样等效于信号随机子采样FFT的特点,实现对信号的压缩采样,能有效提高信号压缩率及采样恢复精度,且结构简单、易于实现。仿真实验验证了此方法的有效性。      

DPSS基下多带流信号的恢复

压缩感知技术是近年来信号处理领域最热门的技术。传统的压缩感知理论并未考虑到稀疏信号本身可能具有的某种结构,块稀疏就是其中的一种。本文针对压缩感知的多带块稀疏流信号,将稀疏信号重构算法与调制的DPSS（Discrete Prolate Spheroidal Sequence ）基扩展相结合,建立了多带块稀疏模型,并利用压缩感知AIC结构,在远低于奈奎斯特速率下对多带宽模拟信号进行采样。结合压缩感知获得的观测方程和利用前后窗内信号的相关性建立的信号状态转移方程,采用降阶的卡尔曼滤波算法恢复原始信号。相对于傅里叶基扩展,DPSS基扩展在降低采样结构复杂度的同时,克服了频谱泄露的问题。仿真结果表明,多带信号在DPSS基下的恢复性能优于多带信号在FFT基下的重构。      

Adaptive Digital Feedback Predistortion Technique for Linearizing Power Amplifiers

We have developed a new adaptive digital predistortion (DPD) linearization technique based on analog feedback predistortion (FBPD). The lookup-table-based feedback input can remove the bandwidth limitation of the feedback circuit related to the loop delay, and suppress feedback oscillation by accurate digital control of the feedback signal. Moreover, the predistortion (PD) signal can be extracted very efficiently. By combining the feedback linearization and DPD linearization techniques, the performance of the predistorter is enhanced significantly compared to the conventional DPD. To clearly visualize the characteristics of digital FBPD (DFBPD), we have compared it to the conventional DPD based on the recursive least square algorithm using Matlab simulation. The results clearly show that the new method is a good linearization algorithm, better than a conventional DPD. For the demonstration, a Doherty power amplifier with 180-W peak envelope power is linearized using the proposed DFBPD. For a 2.14-GHz forward-link wideband code-division multiple-access signal, the adjacent channel leakage ratio at 2.5-MHz offset is -58 dBc, which is improved by 15 dB at an average output power of 43 dBm     

Dual-band transmitters using digitally predistorted frequency multipliers for reconfigurable radios

Two methods for reconfigurable transmitters using frequency multipliers in conjunction with digital predistortion linearizers are developed. One method utilizes a circuit topology that can be switched between a fundamental-mode in-phase combined amplifier, and a push-push frequency doubler using input phasing. Investigation to maximize output harmonics out of regular power amplifiers (PAs) was performed, and the implementation of the device was successful for the amplifier- and doubler-mode operation. To satisfy optimal load-line conditions for the operation in both modes, a bi-tuned output-combining technique is introduced as well. Measurement results indicate that the circuit is able to transmit 28 dBm of output power at 900 MHz in the amplifier mode, and 22 dBm at 1800 MHz in the doubler mode. In combination with predistortion linearization, the reconfigurable transmitter was shown to be capable of amplifying IS-95B code-division multiple-access (CDMA) signals with an adjacent-channel power ratio (ACPR) up to -58dBc/30kHz. The second suggested method utilizes a fundamental-frequency PA followed by a varactor multiplier that can be bypassed with an RF switch. A varactor-diode doubler with a saturated conversion loss of 1.3 dB was built and tested. Using predistortion linearization techniques on both the PA and doubler, an ACPR of -53dBc/30kHz at 885-kHz offset was achieved for a CDMA signal transmitted at 1850 MHz.     

An accurate digital baseband predistorter design for linearization of RF power amplifiers by a genetic algorithm based Hammerstein structure

In this paper, a novel digital predistorter design based on the Hammerstein structure is proposed in order to linearize radio frequency power amplifiers. A genetic algorithm optimization method has been proposed to accurately identify the coefficients of a Wiener model for the power amplifier. Digital predistorter design based on the proposed Hammerstein model has been carried out according to the accurate Wiener model. The validation of the suggested model is carried out using the simulation of the power amplifier and the digital predistortion excited by 64QAM signals in the advanced design system software. According to the simulation results, the criterion of an adjacent channel power ratio decreased by about 16 dB. The simulation results show the adjacent channel power ratio of almost ??46 dBc. In order to assess the feasibility of the proposed predistorter, it is completely implemented in the Kintex FPGA using Vivado HLS. This proposed model enables a more accurate modeling of nonlinear distortion and memory effects compared to the previous linearization methods. This paper presents the new linearization method using the genetic algorithm based Hammerstein structure.     

基于神经网络的功率放大器预失真建模

提出一种神经网络结合分离信号对功率放大器预失真建模的方法。将输入/输出信号的线性与非线性部分分开处理,利用神经网络良好的逼近能力,采用LM算法,拟合出功率放大器特性曲线,进而建立预失真模型,使非线性功率放大器的输入/输出曲线整体呈线性化。在保证输出幅度限制和输出功率最大化的前提下,与未作信号分离的神经网络建模方法、多项式建模方法以及Saleh函数模型方法相比较,发现信号分离神经网络建模方法能得到较小的归一化均方误差和误差矢量幅度。仿真结果表明,采用信号分离神经网络对功率放大器及其预失真建模,整体线性化误差较小、精度高、效果更佳。     

An adaptive digital predistortion for compensating nonlinear distortions in RF power amplifier with memory effects

In this paper, an adaptive digital predistortion based on a memory polynomial model is proposed in order to linearize the power amplifier with memory effect. The coefficients of the power amplifier model have been extracted using a least square method and those of predistortion have been identified by applying an indirect learning structure. Finally, the performance of digital predistortion has been demonstrated using the simulation of the power amplifier and the digital predistortion excited by a modulated 16 QAM signal in Matlab software. According to the simulation results, the criterion of adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) declined by around 15 dB and the input/output power spectrum density of the power amplifier has quite similar curves. The linearized power amplifier output spectrum demonstrates the superiority of the proposed predistorter in eliminating the spectral regrowth which is caused by the memory effect in comparison to the other linearization methods.     

A hybrid digital/RF envelope predistortion linearization system for power amplifiers

This paper presents an adaptive wide-band digitally controlled RF envelope predistortion linearization system for power amplifiers (PAs). A field-programmable gate-array-based lookup table is indexed by a digitized envelope power signal, and instantaneously adjusts the input signal amplitude and phase via an RF vector modulator to compensate for the AM-AM and AM-PM distortion. The advantages of this predistortion architecture over conventional baseband digital approaches are that a 20%-33% wider correction bandwidth is achievable at the same clock speeds, and linearization can be performed without the need for a digital baseband input signal. The timing match between the input RF signal and predistorting signal, which is one of the critical factors for performance, was investigated and adjusted to obtain optimum performance. Using three-carrier cdmaOne and wide-band multitone signals, the linearization performances for a 0.5-W GaAs heterostructure field-effect transistor, a 90-W peak-envelope-power (PEP) silicon LDMOS PA, and a 680-W PEP LDMOS PA were examined. In addition, the predistortion performance variation for different signals was studied in terms of signal envelope statistics, output powers, and PA power capacities.     

采用辅助转动装置的MIMO 系统双目标DPD 实验研究

文中介绍了一种双目标数字预失真(DPD)方案,并进行了实验研究。不增加系统复杂度的情况下, 可以有效地扩展MIMO 系统的线性化波束宽度。在发射机附近增设一个发射低功率信号的线性辅助转动装置,该 架构实现了MIMO 系统主波束线性化。实验平台由发射机系统和一个辅助转动装置组成,发射机天线阵列为1×4。 输入信号采用两个20 MHz 带宽峰均比分别为5. 7 dB 和5. 6 dB 的正交频分复用(OFDM)信号。实验研究结果表明, 采用了辅助转动装置的双目标DPD 方法后,邻信道功率比(ACPR)达到-50 dBc 以下的主波束线性化宽度可以扩展 到22°,同时信号归一化均方误差(NMSE)平均数值为-40 dB。该方案有效地拓宽了MIMO 系统线性化波束宽度。     

基于改进型径向基函数神经网络的功放线性化

提出了一种基于改进型径向基函数神经网络(MRBFNN)的数字预失真线性化模型,用于更为精确地矫正宽带射频功率放大器的动态非线性。该神经网络模型的输入层使用传统的延时抽头以补偿功放的线性记忆效应,同时对每个抽头进行级数展开用于补偿功放的非线性记忆效应,从而更好地抑制功放的动态非线性失真。文中使用WCDMA 三载波信号对一个460MHz 的Doherty 功率放大器进行数字预失真线性化实验。实验结果表明,与传统数字预失真线性化模型相比,基于改进型径向基神经网络的数字预失真线性化模型能更好地抑制宽带功放动态非线性引起的带外频谱再生,其三阶互调(IMD3)失真最多可以抑制23dB,大大提高了功放的线性度,验证了所提出的数字预失真线性化模型的有效性。     

用于5G RF PA 线性化的多频段通用数字预失真器

文中提出了一种基于独热编码与长短时期记忆 (LSTM) 神经网络的多频段通用数字预失真非线性 模型,它可以有效地对工作在多个频段的宽带射频功放进行线性化。在训练集中引入表示不同频率信号的不同独 热编码,训练后的神经网络非线性模型可以在不改变网络结构和模型参数的情况下对不同频段的功率放大器进行 预失真线性化。为了验证该方法的有效性,建立了两个分别工作于2. 6 GHz 和4. 9 GHz 的射频功放实验平台,在这 两个频段预失真非线性建模的归一化均方误差(NMSE)均可达到-40 dB,然后使用100 MHz 带宽5G NR 信号,分别 对这两个射频功放进行预失真线性化实验验证。实验结果表明,该多频段通用数字预失真器可以将这两个功放的 邻信道泄漏比(ACLR)在中心频率下偏100 MHz 处分别改善19. 42 dB 和17. 91 dB,在中心频率上偏100 MHz 处分 别改善15. 73 dB 和15. 17 dB,验证了所提非线性模型的有效性。