无取代硫代双烯金属络合物的合成及其在夜视兼容技术中应用

为了研制夜视兼容照明器件用近红外滤光片,合成了最大吸收波长在近红外区域(855nm)的无取代基硫代双烯镍络合物(NIR DYE-01),其结构为(RCSCSR)2Ni(R=苯环)的近红外染料,单独以该染料为原料制备了近红外吸收滤光片,透射曲线表明滤光片具备(780nm～930nm)波段的近红外吸收能力;将该染料与近红外吸收剂IR-01配合制备近红外吸收滤光片,透射曲线表明滤光片具备(600nm～930nm)波段的近红外吸收能力,NR值测试结果表明近红外滤光片的光谱辐亮度符合夜视兼容的要求.     

Cu(Ⅱ)有机磷酸酯配合物与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的近红外吸收性能研究

以苯甲酸铜和磷酸甲基丙烯酰氧乙基酯反应,制备了一种近红外吸收剂,将其与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚,制备了近红外吸收滤光片,研究了该滤光片的近红外吸收性能,紫外-可见-近红外光谱表明:Cu(Ⅱ)有机磷酸酯配合物与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物具有良好的近红外吸收性能,随着聚合物中Cu(Ⅱ)含量的增加,滤光片吸收近红外线强度和吸收波长范围都随之增大,Cu(Ⅱ)含量为10.5%的共聚物滤光片在685～1070nm波长范围红外线透过率低于0.01%,光谱辐射计测试的该样品的光谱辐亮度值在740～930nm波长范围内低于1×10-12.     

吸收型近红外滤光片的制备

以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）为基体，近红外吸收染料（NIR1）、光稳定剂为添加剂，采用溶解共混的方法制得了吸收型近红外滤光片。该滤光片外观透光性能良好，透射光谱也显示其具备良好的近红外吸收性能。最后对染料分散情况进行了讨论。     

一种斜入射多膜窄带滤光片透射特性分析

垂直入射的多膜窄带滤光片两偏振态的透射特性是相同的,而对于斜入射的多膜窄带滤光片,其两种偏振态的透射特性发生分离.本文对于所设计的155层三腔薄膜窄带滤光片,分为(无吸收)垂直入射、(无吸收)有角度(11.5°)入射、(有吸收)有角度(11.5°)入射三种情况的透射率随波长变化关系进行了分析.模拟图形结果显示了透射特性的变化趋势.     

硫代双烯型近红外染料及其在PMMA滤光片中的光稳定性

合成了3个最大吸收波长在近红外区域的硫代双烯镍络合物,用元素分析、核磁共振氢谱、质谱及红外光谱表征了中间体及产物的结构,并测试了染料在溶液和PMMA滤光片中的光谱性质.结果表明,染料的最大吸收波长与溶剂的极性成正比,其中结构为(RCSCSR)2Ni(R=C6H4-C(CH3)3)的染料,自身的光稳定性最好;当掺杂在PMMA滤光片中时,它们的最大吸收波长位置与在溶剂中的相近,光稳定性能比在溶液中好.     

近地层紫外光通信“日盲”滤光片技术研究

针对紫外光通信中存在各种干扰或影响的问题,阐述了“日盲”紫外滤光片的特点,结合国内外研究现状,重点探讨了紫外干涉型滤光片和紫外吸收型滤光片的工作原理、材料特性和制备方法。在此基础上,分别对两类滤光片的测试技术进行了深入分析,提出了未来紫外滤光片的研究方向。这对紫外通信滤光片的深入研究提供了理论基础和实际参考。     

一种具有抗静电反红外诱导滤光片的设计与制备

对一种具有抗静电反红外且在可见及近红外高透过的滤光片进行了研究。采用诱导滤光片的设计理论讨论了膜层厚度及薄膜常数对滤光片透射率及反射区的影响规律,采用离子束辅助沉积方式和磁控溅射的方式对设计膜系进行了制备工艺研究,重点讨论了不同工艺条件下金属层的薄膜常数的变化规律及其对滤光片性能的影响。最终设计的滤光片在750~850 nm谱段具有高达90%以上的透过率、2 500 nm以后谱段反射率高达90%,表面电阻小于300 ,该滤光片具有很好的抗静电及反红外性能。     

红外探测器用滤光片的技术现状及应用

近红外滤光片和中红外带通滤光片在航天、气象和遥感等领域都有重要的应用。红外滤光片是让红外光透过而使其他波长光截止的滤光片,它的主要指标是峰值透过率。带通滤光片的重要指标是峰值透过率和通带半宽度。光学薄膜的膜系结构和具体设计对这些指标起决定性作用。本文主要介绍这两种滤光片的几例实际运用。     

金属膜滤光片反射相移的自动补偿

本文研究了制备滤光片的简捷控制方法——直接法的应用范围,指出它不仅适用于介质膜系,也适用于吸收膜(金属膜)系.从实验上已证实,用此法控制膜厚,可使金属膜与介质膜之间的界面反射相移自行补偿,从而提高了滤光片的主峰波长定位精度.     

吸收剂对激光塑料透射焊接质量影响的研究

本文首先介绍了黑色薄膜的制作;其次讨论了两种吸收剂黑色薄膜和黑漆涂层对激光辐射能量吸收的影响,主要包括两个方面,薄膜厚度对热量吸收的影响和碳黑的含量对热量吸收的影响,研究发现吸收薄膜厚度≥0.09mm就能吸收所有的红外辐射能量;碳黑含量为0.07%是吸收能量的理想值;最后,对使用两种吸收剂的焊接样品质量进行对比,发现黑漆涂层的焊接质量远比黑色薄膜的要好.     

Surface State Mediated NIR Two‐Photon Fluorescence of Iron Oxides for Nonlinear Optical Microscopy

The development of fluorescent iron oxide nanomaterials is highly desired for multimodal molecular imaging. Instead of incorporating fluorescent dyes on the surface of iron oxides, a ligand‐assisted synthesis approach is developed to allow near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence in Fe₃O₄ nanostructures. Using a trimesic acid (TMA)/citrate‐mediated synthesis, fabricated Fe₃O₄ nanostructures can generate a NIR two‐photon florescence (TPF) peak around 700 nm under the excitation by a 1230‐nm femtosecond laser. By tailoring the absorption of Fe₃O₄ nanostructures toward NIR band, the NIR‐TPF efficiency can be greatly increased. Through internal etching, surface peeling, and ligand replacement, spectroscopic results validated that such resonantly enhanced NIR‐TPF is mediated by surface states with strong NIR‐IR absorption. This TPF signal evolution can be generalized to other iron oxide nanomaterials like magnetite nanoparticles and α‐Fe₂O₃ nanoplates. Using the developed fluorescent Fe₃O₄ nanostructures, it is demonstrated that their TPF and third harmonic generation (THG) contrast in the nonlinear optical microscopy of live cells. It is anticipated that the synthesized NIR photofunctional Fe₃O₄ will serve as a versatile platform for dual‐modality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as a magnet‐guided theranostic agent.     

光学碱度与能量传递对Bi/Yb3 共掺杂锗酸盐玻璃近红外发光性质的影响

采用传统高温熔融法制备了Bi/Yb3 共掺杂锗酸盐玻璃,通过测试吸收光谱、近红外光谱和荧光衰减寿命,研究了玻璃样品的近红外发光性质。在980nm 或808 nm 激光激发下,均能同时观察到Yb3 和Bi离子的近红外发光,这一结果表明,Yb3 离子与Bi离子之间存在相互能量传递。随着Yb3 离子浓度的增加,玻璃基质的光学碱度和Yb3 离子到 Bi 离子的能量传递效率均增加,讨论了能量传递效率的提高对Bi离子发光的增强作用与光学碱度增加对Bi离子发光的削弱作用的竞争影响机制,获得了Bi/Yb3 近红外发光的机理。     

Near‐Infrared SERS Nanoprobes with Plasmonic Au/Ag Hollow‐Shell Assemblies for In Vivo Multiplex Detection

For the effective application of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoprobes for in vivo targeting, the tissue transparency of the probe signals should be as high as it can be in order to increase detection sensitivity and signal reproducibility. Here, near‐infrared (NIR)‐sensitive SERS nanoprobes (NIR SERS dots) are demonstrated for in vivo multiplex detection. The NIR SERS dots consist of plasmonic Au/Ag hollow‐shell (HS) assemblies on the surface of silica nanospheres and simple aromatic Raman labels. The diameter of the HS interior is adjusted from 3 to 11 nm by varying the amount of Au³⁺ added, which results in a red‐shift of the plasmonic extinction of the Au/Ag nanoparticles toward the NIR (700–900 nm). The red‐shifted plasmonic extinction of NIR SERS dots causes enhanced SERS signals in the NIR optical window where endogenous tissue absorption coefficients are more than two orders of magnitude lower than those for ultraviolet and visible light. The signals from NIR SERS dots are detectable from 8‐mm deep in animal tissues. Three kinds of NIR SERS dots, which are injected into live animal tissues, produce strong SERS signals from deep tissues without spectral overlap, demonstrating their potential for in vivo multiplex detection of specific target molecules.     

Near-infrared organic light-emitting diodes of pure fluorescence emission using small-molecule boron-dipyrromethene derivative

Near-infrared (NIR) light has various applications, such as in cameras and sensors. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), which are characterized by their thinness, lightweight, and flexibility, have potential application in various devices requiring light emission in the NIR region. In this study, we focused on the wavelength range of 700–1000 nm, which is called the “first optical window” in NIR light. Furthermore, we investigated the optical properties of a low-molecular-weight boron-dipyrromethene derivative (BODIPY-Ph), which has been reported to possess NIR absorption properties as well as the luminescence properties of BODIPY-Ph-based OLEDs in the NIR region. An acetone solution of BODIPY-Ph showed 52.3% photoluminescence quantum yield and the apparent external quantum efficiency of the OLED in the NIR region was high at 1.87%, which is one of the highest values when using OLEDs that are metal-free and use pure fluorescence emission without using triplet.     

Impact of compositional grading and overall Cu deficiency on the near‐infrared response in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells

Highly efficient thin film solar cells based on co‐evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ (CIGS) absorbers are typically grown with a [Ga]/([Ga] + [In]) (GGI) gradient across the thickness and a Cu‐poor composition. Upon increasing the Cu content towards the CIGS stoichiometry, lower defect density is expected, which should lead to increased absorption in the near‐infrared (NIR), diffusion length and carrier collection. Further, optimization of the GGI grading is expected to increase the NIR response. In this contribution [Cu]/([In] + [Ga]) (CGI) values are increased by shortening the deposition stage after the first stoichiometric point. In order to obtain comparable Ga contents at the interface for proper band alignment, the front GGI gradings were actively modified. With a relative CGI increase of 7%, we observe an increased photocurrent, originating from an improved NIR external quantum efficiency response. By characterizing the modified absorber properties by reflection‐transmission spectroscopy, we attribute the observed behavior to changes in the optical properties rather than to improved carrier collection. Cu‐dependent modifications of the NIR‐absorption coefficients are likely to be responsible for the variations in the optical properties, which is supported by device simulations. Adequate re‐adjustments of the co‐evaporation process and of the alkali‐fluorides post‐deposition treatments allow maintaining V_oc and FF values, yielding an overall increase of efficiency as compared to a reference baseline. © 2016 The Authors. Progress in Photovoltaics : Research and Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.     

Nanometer‐Sized Copper Sulfide Hollow Spheres with Strong Optical‐Limiting Properties

CuS semiconductor nanometer‐sized hollow spheres are successfully synthesized by using a soft‐template method. A possible growth mechanism is proposed. The linear optical property of the CuS hollow spheres is examined by means of photoluminescence spectroscopy at room temperature. The optical‐limiting (OL) property of these nanostructures is characterized by using a nanosecond Q‐switched YAG laser and an optical parametric oscillator pumped with Surelite‐III. A strong OL response is detected for the CuS hollow spheres in both visible and near infrared (NIR) spectral ranges, which makes these promising materials for applications such as the protection of human eyes or as optical sensors for high‐power laser irradiation. The OL mechanism of the CuS hollow‐sphere nanostructure may be the combination of free‐carrier absorption (FCA) and nonlinear scattering.     

Renal-Clearable Ultrasmall Polypyrrole Nanoparticles with Size-Regulated Property for Second Near-Infrared Light-Mediated Photothermal Therapy

The critical issue that hinders the translation of nanomaterials from basic research to clinical trials is their potential toxicity caused by long-term body retention. It is still a huge challenge to integrate renal-clearable and theranostic properties into one nanomedicine, especially exploring the nanomaterials with optical absorption in the second near-infrared light (NIR II) biowindow with deep penetration and less tissue scattering. Here, ultrasmall polypyrrole (PPy, ≈2 nm)-based theranostic agents via a facile and green one-step method, which exhibit fluorescence (FL)/photoacoustic (PA)/NIR II multimodal imaging, superior photostability, as well as high photothermal conversion efficiency of 33.35% at 808 nm and 41.97% at 1064 nm is developed. Importantly, these ultrasmall PPy-PEG nanoparticles (NPs) reveal abundant tumor accumulation and efficient renal clearance. Both in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that ultrasmall PPy-PEG NPs have excellent photothermal effect under NIR II laser irradiation that can effectively eliminate the tumors with extremely low systemic toxicity.     

Group delay measurements of optical components near 800 nm

Phase-locked interferometry was used to measure the group delay of several optical components in the spectral region 700-850 nm. The dispersive and absorptive properties of several different types of linear filters were measured. Measurements of the absorption and dispersion of several linear, causal optical filters show that a generalized Kramers-Kronig relation does not exist for many commonly used filters. This result emphasizes the importance of making direct measurements of the dispersive properties of filters, since the dispersion of a linear filter cannot always be determined from a measurement of its absorption. Data are presented for a birefringent filter, dielectric mirror, Gires-Tournois interferometer, and titanium-doped sapphire     

典型滤波器对星载高光谱分辨率激光雷达532 nm通道回波信号的影响

高光谱分辨率激光雷达（High Spectral Resolution Lidar,HSRL）系统利用窄带滤波器将激光雷达回波信号中的大气粒子（云或气溶胶）散射和分子散射成分分开,提升了云或气溶胶光学特性的反演质量。提出了一种基于HSRL探测原理的HSRL回波信号模拟方法,其原理是利用CALIPSO云/气溶胶消光系数产品和数值天气预报数据被用来仿真星载HSRL 532 nm回波信号。两种典型的窄带光谱滤波器:FPI（Fabry-Prot Interferometer）和碘吸收滤波器,作为分子通道滤波器的性能通过仿真的星载HSRL回波信号进行分析。对三种典型:晴空、卷云、气溶胶（两层厚云）的HSRL回波廓线进行详细的敏感分析表明碘分子吸收滤波器的性能明显优于FPI滤波器,其中碘吸收滤波能保持可以忽略不计的相对偏差（4.010-3%）,这是由低光学厚度（1.0）的粒子后向散射效应引起的。但是,如果FPI滤波器的粒子后向散射透过率能保持在10-3水平以下,其仍不失为是一个好的选择。     

Effect of Colloidal Silver on Optical Transmittance Characteristics of Bulk Cadmium Zinc Telluride Crystals

Colloidal silver is observed to affect the transmittance of p-type Cd_1−y Zn _y Te (CZT) single-crystal substrate material at room temperature. The optical transmittance spectra have been analyzed in the near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) regions. The transmittance characteristics of CZT showed significant reduction in absorption due to split-off valance band transitions in the NIR region and intervalence band absorption in the MIR region upon coating CZT substrates with silver paste. This reduction in absorption has been explained to be due to the compensation of the acceptor defects (native and foreign). Silver atoms incorporated from the silver coating help in compensation of these defects. A similar effect on transmittance characteristics of mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) epilayers grown on CZT substrates after coating silver paste on the CZT substrate side was also observed. An improvement in the transmittance of CZT substrates after the application of silver paste was observed. A similar improvement in transmittance is usually achieved by annealing the substrates in a Cd/Zn atmosphere. The results are explained by considering the formation of neutral complexes of acceptors (cadmium vacancies) and the interstitial silver. This study also points to the important conclusion that silver paste on CZT should be applied with caution for measurement purposes since it diffuses even at room temperature and modifies the optical characteristics.