一种提高软件可靠性预计质量的方法

利用软件可靠性模型可以预计软件能够达到的可靠性水平,但预计质量有时会很差,即预计结果和实际情况之间存在较大偏离.将几组在软件测试过程中收集到的失效数据运用于两种软件可靠性预计模型,利用U图分析偏离情况,在此基础上提出一种减少偏离的方法,经过对比发现该方法能明显降低偏离.     

软件可靠性模型研究

与硬件一样,软件可靠性也需要建立一些模型来对所设计的软件进行预计和评估.介绍了几种软件可靠性模型的特点,并结合工程实践,研究了工程中广泛应用的NHPP模型.     

一种软件可靠性定量评估的方法

系统软件可靠性研究是当代科技前沿课题之一,是衡量软件质量最重要的指标,软件可靠性模型是软件可靠性定量评估的技术基础。他有2大类:可靠性预计模型和可靠性结构模型。分析2类模型中具有代表性的Nelson模型和硬软件复合系统结构模型,提出一种新的软件可靠性定量评估方法。该方法利用Nelson模型精确测定系统软件各模块的可靠性替代硬软件复合系统结构模型中的经验数据,解决了由于经验不足而无法应用硬软件复合系统结构模型的问题。该评估方法成功应用于科技部科技型中小企业技术创新基金资助项目“电参数分析管理系统”的软件开发中。     

软件可靠性衡量体系设计

提出了一套软件可靠性衡量体系,重点研究了衡量体系中的软件可靠性建模和软件可靠性评估方法。研究了适用于软件测试阶段的Musa模型以及模型的使用前提条件、模型表示、数据要求和参数估计;同时针对软件可靠性评估的主观性和受多因素影响的特点,提出采用模糊综合评判法进行评估,给出了评估步骤和方法;最后通过实例说明如何进行可靠性建模和评估。     

软件增长测试中可靠性评估方案的研究

软件可靠性评估在软件测试中起着举足轻重的作用.本文研究了软件增长测试中可靠性评估的过程.给出了判断软件可靠性是否增长的方法,通过比较常用的M-O模型和J-M模型给出了如何选取合适的可靠性评估模型的方法,以及判断选择的拟合模型的准确性的方法,并根据选取的拟合评估模型估测出软件可靠性的一些参数,最终提出了一种新的软件增长测试中可靠性评估方案,用于指导软件可靠性测试的顺利进行.     

浅谈软件可靠性的评估技术

从软件可靠性在推进国民经济信息化以及在武器装备中的重要性出发，阐述了在软件可靠性评估中主要应包含三方面的内容；软件可行指标，软件可靠性模型和软件测试。     

基于J—M模型的应用研究

软件可靠性是基于执行时间或自然时间的度量,很少文献讨论软件可靠性测试与测试过程的关系,特别是测试效率与测试用例的定量关系。文章在基于J—M模型应用方法的基础上,考虑到可靠性测试过程产生的数据与可靠性度量的关系,提出对J—M模型进行补充假设,使得J—M模型的应用方法适应于测试过程,建立软件可靠性与测试用例的定量关系,从而实现对软件可靠性度量以及对测试效率的评价。     

某测控系统软件的可靠性预计

论述了运用两种NHPP增长型模型进行某测控系统软件可靠性预计的方法，以及它们的数学解析式，并阐明了两者的关系。针对某发射测控系统软件的测试调试过程，初步估计了软件的程序窖量。根据所得到的数据。运用两种NHPP模型计算了模型参数的估计值。预测了软件的可靠性水平和需要进行的各项软件测试的时间。     

基于改进粒子群算法的软件可靠性评估

软件可靠性是软件质量评价的一个重要标准,针对传统方法存在软件可靠性评估精度低,结果不可信等缺陷,提出基于改进粒子群算法的软件可靠性评估模型。首先对当前软件可靠性评估的研究现状进行分析,然后建立软件可靠性评估模型,最后采用改进粒子群算法对模型参数进行求解,并通过具体软件可靠性评估实验对模型的性能进行分析,结果表明,改进粒子群算法可以对软件可靠性进行高精度评估,而且评估结果要明显优于其他软件可靠性评估模型,具有更高的实际应用价值。     

软件可靠性分析与设计

介绍了可靠性在应用软件中的设计依据和测试技术,从可靠性定义所包含的四要素入手,分别通过瀑布模型、螺旋模型、智能模型的模拟分析影响软件可靠性的因素,对软件的生存期模型、冗余设计和软件可靠性估算技术进行了较详细的论述,提出了改进软件可靠性的方法,增强了工程项目的可靠性。     

Comparison of Reliability and Testing Models

We were curious about how well various reliability and testing models would compare with respect to prediction accuracy and testing effectiveness. Therefore, we conducted several experiments to evaluate these properties for the following models: fault tree analysis, geometric and binomial statistical models; and reliability growth models: Yamada S Shape Model, Schneidewind Single Parameter Model, and Schneidewind Software Reliability Model. We developed modified versions of the geometric and binomial models that comprise a new contribution to the body of software reliability research. The Yamada model provided the best prediction accuracy for one of the Shuttle's failure data sets. Future research would involve evaluating all models against multiple data sets.      

可靠性预计方法及思考

本文介绍了可靠性预计的目的,并对当前较为常见的可靠性预计模型或方法做了比较和说明,也对造成可靠性预计局限性的原因做了分析,最后对在可靠性工程工作中对待可靠性预计的态度做了探讨.     

Software Reliability Analysis and Measurement Using Finite and Infinite Server Queueing Models

Software reliability is often defined as the probability of failure-free software operation for a specified period of time in a specified environment. During the past 30 years, many software reliability growth models (SRGM) have been proposed for estimating the reliability growth of software. In practice, effective debugging is not easy because the fault may not be immediately obvious. Software engineers need time to read, and analyze the collected failure data. The time delayed by the fault detection & correction processes should not be negligible. Experience shows that the software debugging process can be described, and modeled using queueing system. In this paper, we will use both finite, and infinite server queueing models to predict software reliability. We will also investigate the problem of imperfect debugging, where fixing one bug creates another. Numerical examples based on two sets of real failure data are presented, and discussed in detail. Experimental results show that the proposed framework incorporating both fault detection, and correction processes for SRGM has a fairly accurate prediction capability.     

美国军用手册217F与国家军用标准299B比较研究

文章分析美国军用手册217F相对国家军用标准299B在可靠性预计总体论述上的差异,指出可靠性预计的作用和局限性,具体比较可靠性预计模型,并探讨在军用标准中引入开放系统思想。     

基于决策树的软件可靠性模型选择

软件可靠性建模是软件可靠性评估的主要方法之一。现在还没有一个可适用于所有软件项目的通用模型,所以可靠性模型的选择已成为一个重要的研究方向。决策树是数据挖掘的一种算法。文中首先介绍数据挖掘与软件可靠性模型选择的结合应用概念,然后重点分析决策树的生成算法。最后以一组数据仿真决策树生成过程,并验证此方法的可行性和准确性。     

美国军用手册217F中的可靠性预计方法及其应用

介绍美国军用手册217F中的两种可靠性预计方法——部件应力分析法与部件计数分析法,分别讨论其适用条件和失效率模型,并给出可靠性预计方法在计算数字计时芯片和发动机失效率时的具体步骤。     

A New Methodology for Predicting Software Reliability in the Random Field Environments

This paper presents a new methodology for predicting software reliability in the field environment. Our work differs from some existing models that assume a constant failure detection rate for software testing and field operation environments, as this new methodology considers the random environmental effects on software reliability. Assuming that all the random effects of the field environments can be captured by a unit-free environmental factor,$eta$, which is modeled as a random-distributed variable, we establish a generalized random field environment (RFE) software reliability model that covers both the testing phase and the operating phase in the software development cycle. Based on the generalized RFE model, two specific random field environmental reliability models are proposed for predicting software reliability in the field environment: the$gamma$-RFE model, and the$beta$-RFE model. A set of software failure data from a telecommunication software application is used to illustrate the proposed models, both of which provide very good fittings to the software failures in both testing and operation environments. This new methodology provides a viable way to model the user environments, and further makes adjustments to the reliability prediction for similar software products. Based on the generalized software reliability model, further work may include the development of software cost models and the optimum software release policies under random field environments.     

s-Shaped Software Reliability Growth Models and Their Applications

The s-shaped growth curves of detected software errors can be observed in software testing. The delayed s-shaped and inflection s-shaped software reliability growth models based on a nonhomogeneous Poisson process are discussed. The software reliability growth types of the models are investigated in terms of the error detection rate per error. In addition, a viable method for the software quality assessment, which integrates the capture-recapture method and the models above, is discussed, and its application to actual test data is illustrated.     

采用文献比较分析法的软件可靠性影响因素分析

可靠性作为衡量软件质量的重要特性,其定量评估和预测已成为人们关注和研究的焦点。为了较好地衡量软件可靠性建模中的影响因素,引入文献比较分析法作为研究方法,从软件过程的视角出发去分析讨论影响软件可靠性的因素问题。该研究方法首先进行了广泛的文献检索,研究不同学者关于影响软件可靠性的各种观点,随后进行分析整理,最后对其进行分类总结获得影响软件可靠性的过程因素。仿真结果表明。该方法能够获得软件可靠性建模中的主要影响因素,从而为建立软件可靠性早期预测模型提供分析基础。