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着重介绍了用于水质检测的电化学、声学、光学三种类型微传感器以及微分析系统、微传感片上系统两类微系统的基本原理、特点和研究进展;比较了不同类型微传感器的性能差异;讨论了目前水质检测微传感器及微系统在研究中存在的主要问题及解决方法,并对其未来的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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以现有光纤传感技术为基础,论述了不同光学原理下的光纤传感技术在水质检测领域的研究和应用情况,比如水质的氢离子浓度(p H)值、化学需氧量(COD)值、溶解氧和重金属离子污染物等的检测,介绍了基于不同光学原理的光纤水质检测技术在近10年内的研究现状,同时分别阐述了这些不同原理各自用于水质检测的优缺点。最后对光纤水质检测技术的发展趋势进行了分析和预测,为光纤水质检测传感的进一步发展提供一定技术思路。 相似文献
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光学传感检测技术因具有精度高、低延时和可成像等优势而得到广泛应用。随着大数据和物联网等信息技术的迅速发展,对检测平台小型化和便携性的需求日益迫切。为了克服现有技术对大型专用设备的依赖,提高对现场快检、轻载荷平台等应用场景的适用性,近年来,基于微纳光学的片上集成光学传感检测技术受到了极大关注。通过集成光源、光学传感单元与光电探测单元、以及发展片上光色散等技术,可以有效地实现光学传感信号提取和光电信号转换的片上集成,从而实现系统的微型化和多功能集成。文中介绍了相关技术原理和技术发展现状,分析了现有技术的优缺点,讨论并总结了未来的发展方向和应用前景。 相似文献
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微纳传感技术在研究组织和细胞的电生理活动、揭示细胞网络属性、研究神经传导及药物安全性测试等方面展现了它独特优势。针对组织电生理检测的多种微纳传感技术及其特点进行了描述与评价,着重对多点实时监测的微阵列传感技术的研究和应用进展进行了详细介绍和讨论。最后结合本实验室的研究工作,介绍了微电极阵列技术在嗅觉组织研究中的进展。在探索细胞的离子通道、突触特性及细胞内信号转导时,玻璃微电极记录特别是膜片钳技术是目前比较理想的手段;在研究信号传导、突触传递时,多电极阵列具有明显的优势。微电极传感阵列技术是未来神经科学研究的主要方法之一,它将在提高信噪比及生物相容性、减少对组织的损伤、扩大应用等方面有新的发展。 相似文献
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片上折射率传感在安全检查、环境监测、健康诊断和食品监督等领域有着广阔的应用前景,基于硅基微环谐振器的折射率传感器具有微型化、集成化等优点,已成为当前研究的热点。文章首先对硅基微环谐振器的折射率传感探测原理进行了介绍,然后依据探测原理分类梳理了国内外硅基微环折射率传感的最新研究进展,并分析总结了不同传感探测原理的优缺点,最后讨论了现阶段硅基微环谐振器在折射率传感中存在的问题和未来的发展方向。 相似文献
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随着MEMS惯性传感器件对微位移检测精度的要求越来越高,微位移检测技术已经成为MEMS惯性传感领域的研究热点。亚波长光栅以其超高的位移检测灵敏度成为一个极具发展前景的高精度位移传感平台。利用Rsoft软件模拟分析了双层亚波长光栅共面、离面相对运动时系统零级衍射光透射率与光栅位移量之间的关系及系统关键结构参数对位移检测灵敏度的影响,并对这两种亚波长光栅微位移传感系统进行了结构优化与性能仿真及对比,理论验证了亚波长光栅位移检测的高灵敏度优势。 相似文献
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偏振反映电磁波的方向特性,是除强度之外电磁波的另一维度的信息。在电磁波与大气颗粒物的相互作用中,偏振由于其对颗粒物物理特征的高敏感性,
可以有效提高卫星遥感探测的丰度和精度,改善对大气中特性复杂的气溶胶和云等成分的探测能力。首次综合介绍了我国研制的4种类型星载
对地观测偏振传感器,包括多角度偏振相机、推扫式偏振成像仪、摆扫式偏振仪、多通道偏振辐射计,并分析了代表性的国产偏振传感器
的指标参数,总结了各类载荷的探测能力。在此基础上,介绍了星载偏振传感器的主要定标方法,包括发射前实验室定标、星上定标和在轨定标。
偏振载荷具有增加卫星观测维度和精度、对大气颗粒物粒径和形状特征敏感、改善弱信号探测等方面的综合优势,能够获取全球范围内
高精度的大气气溶胶和云参数。星载对地观测偏振传感器具有广阔的大气遥感应用空间和潜力,可在细颗粒物PM2.5卫星遥感、关键气候
因子观测及评估、极端环境事件监测、气溶胶生态效应评估、对地观测高精度大气校正等多个领域发挥作用。 相似文献
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Hanyuan Ding Zeqin Xin Yueyang Yang Yufeng Luo Kailun Xia Bolun Wang Yufei Sun Jiaping Wang Yingying Zhang Hui Wu Shoushan Fan Lei Zhang Kai Liu 《Advanced functional materials》2020,30(12)
Current artificial tactile sensors mostly exploit a variety of electron‐related physical mechanisms to obtain high sensitivity and low detection force. However, these mechanisms are still distinct from the ion‐related biological processes of human's tactile sensation, and are therefore away from the goal of bionic applications. In the past few years, only several types of ionic tactile sensors have been proposed, and they are still subject to low sensitivity. Here, a novel type of ultrasensitive hydrogel tactile sensor is reported based on asymmetric ionic charge injection as the working mechanism, named as asymmetric ionic sensing hydrogel (AISH). With a small external working voltage of only tens of millivolts, these AISH devices show an extremely low detection force of 0.075 Pa, ultrahigh sensitivity of 57–171 kPa?1, and excellent cycling reliability upon pressing. Applications of these ultrasensitive tactile sensors in fingerprint identification of voice, monitoring of pulse waves, and detection of underwater wave signals are experimentally demonstrated. Combining the merits of simple fabrication process, ionic‐type detection mechanism, and ion injection procedure, such AISH sensors not only reveal a new strategy toward highly sensitive tactile sensors, but also show realistic potential applications in future wearable electronic and bioelectronic devices. 相似文献
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光纤地震波探测的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用光纤传感器来探测地震波是近年来发展起来的一种新型地震波探测技术,它具有灵敏度高、抗雷击及电磁干扰、绝缘性好、组网能力强等优点,因而在地震预报、石油勘探和安全监测等领域具有重要的应用价值.介绍了光纤地震波探测国内外的研究进展,及其在不同领域中的应用,并指出了目前还存在的问题. 相似文献
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FBG-based ultrasonic wave detection and acoustic emission linear location system 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3 下载免费PDF全文
The ultrasonic (US) wave detection and an acoustic emission (AE) linear location system are proposed, which employ fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) as US wave sensors. In the theoretical analysis, the FBG sensor response to longitudinal US wave is investigated. The result indicates that the FBG wavelength can be modulated as static case when the grating length is much shorter than US wavelength. The experimental results of standard sinusoidal and spindle wave test agree well with the generated signal. Further research using two FBGs for realizing linear location is also achieved. The maximum linear location error is obtained as less than 5 mm. FBG-based US wave sensor and AE linear location provide useful tools for specific requirements. 相似文献
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Tao Huang Peng He Ranran Wang Siwei Yang Jing Sun Xiaoming Xie Guqiao Ding 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(45)
Wearable textile strain sensors that can perceive and respond to human stimuli are an essential part of wearable electronics. Yet, the detection of subtle strains on the human body suffers from the low sensitivity of many existing sensors. Generally, the inadequate sensitivity originates from the strong structural integrity of the sensors because tiny external strains cannot trigger enough variation in the conducting network. Inspired by the rolling friction where the interaction is weakened by decreasing interface area, porous fibers made of graphene decorated with nanoballs are prepared via a prolonged phase‐separation process. This novel structure confers the graphene fibers with high gauge factors (51 in 0–5% and 87 in 5–8%), which is almost 10 times larger than the same structures without nanoballs. A low detection limit (0.01% strain) and good durability (over 6000 circles) are obtained. By the virtue of these qualities, these fiber‐based textile sensors can recognize a pulse wave and eyeball movement in real‐time while keeping comfortable wearing sense. Moreover, by weaving such fibers, the electronic fabrics with a specially designed structure can distinguish the multilocation in real time, which shows great potential as wearable electronics. 相似文献
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