氧化铝钝化在晶体硅太阳电池中的应用

首先,回顾了氧化铝钝化技术的发展历程,对制备氧化铝钝化薄膜的手段进行了总结,并且详细描述了氧化铝的材料性质和钝化的机理。其次,指出氧化铝薄膜的优点在于优异的场效应钝化特性和良好的化学钝化性质,因此可以应用于低掺和高掺p型硅表面的钝化。此外,氧化铝薄膜及其叠层还具有良好的热稳定性,符合丝网印刷太阳电池的要求。最后,总结了氧化铝薄膜钝化技术在晶体硅太阳电池中的最新研究动态,指出氧化铝钝化薄膜用于工业生产中存在的问题,并针对这些问题提出了有效的解决方案。     

钝化多孔硅的光致发光

选用含有胺基的正丁胺(CH3CH2CH2CH2-NH2)作碳源,采用射频辉光放电法制备碳膜对多孔硅进行碳膜钝化,其光致发光谱和存放实验表明:正丁胺对多孔硅进行钝化是一种十分有效的多孔硅后处理途径.研究了钝化多孔硅的光致发光谱随钝化温度和钝化时间的变化关系,其结果显示:通过调节钝化条件可实现钝化多孔硅最大的发光效率和所需要的发光颜色.     

钝化多孔硅的光致发光

选用含有胺基的正丁胺(CH3CH2CH2CH2-NH2)作碳源,采用射频辉光放电法制备碳膜对多孔硅进行碳膜钝化,其光致发光谱和存放实验表明:正丁胺对多孔硅进行钝化是一种十分有效的多孔硅后处理途径.研究了钝化多孔硅的光致发光谱随钝化温度和钝化时间的变化关系,其结果显示:通过调节钝化条件可实现钝化多孔硅最大的发光效率和所需要的发光颜色.     

钝化多孔硅的光致发光

选用含有胺基的正丁胺 (CH3CH2 CH2 CH2 - NH2 )作碳源 ,采用射频辉光放电法制备碳膜对多孔硅进行碳膜钝化 ,其光致发光谱和存放实验表明 :正丁胺对多孔硅进行钝化是一种十分有效的多孔硅后处理途径 .研究了钝化多孔硅的光致发光谱随钝化温度和钝化时间的变化关系 ,其结果显示 :通过调节钝化条件可实现钝化多孔硅最大的发光效率和所需要的发光颜色     

硅微纳结构及其在新型太阳电池中的应用

综述了近年来各种硅微纳结构的特征和制备技术,介绍了其在新型太阳电池中的应用现状与前景.首先,阐述了硅微纳结构在传统p-n结、新型径向p-n结以及异质结太阳电池结构设计中的研究进展;其次,从光吸收增强、表面修饰及钝化的角度,分析了硅微纳结构太阳电池的增效措施;最后,提出了柔性硅微纳结构太阳电池开发的新思路.     

晶体硅太阳电池表面钝化技术

介绍了晶体硅太阳电池表面钝化技术的发展历程,表面钝化膜在晶体硅太阳电池中所起的作用,以及晶体硅太阳电池中各种钝化膜和表面钝化技术。阐述了国内和国际对晶体硅太阳电池表面钝化技术的最新研究动态,重点论述了SiO2,SiNx,SiCx和Al2O3,以及这些钝化膜的叠层钝化技术的优缺点。在此基础上进一步指出SiO2/SiNx叠层钝化膜将成为今后工业化生产的研究重点,Al2O3及其叠层钝化膜将成为今后实验室的研究重点,由于表面钝化是提高晶体硅太阳电池转换效率最有效的手段之一,今后晶体硅太阳电池表面钝化技术仍将是国内和国际研究的热点问题之一。     

类金刚石薄膜对多孔硅发光的钝化作用

介绍了类金刚石薄膜对多孔硅发光的钝化作用.类金刚石薄膜隔绝了外界对多孔硅表面的影响,使硅氢键不易断裂,从而减少了非辐射复合中心,稳定了多孔硅的发光性能.通过在类金刚石薄膜中掺氮还可以进一步提高钝化效果,因为氮使多孔硅表面更多的悬空键被钝化形成Si-N键,从而提高了发光强度.     

空间高效硅太阳电池减反射膜设计与数值分析

结合AM0太阳光谱特性对空间硅太阳电池的减反射膜进行了设计分析,得到了最小反射时的最佳膜厚.分别讨论了单、双、三层减反射膜厚度变化对反射率的影响,并对有钝化层的SiO2(94nm)/TiO2(60nm)双层减反射膜进行了优化设计,优化后硅太阳电池的短路电流和效率分别提高了2.1%和1.4%.     

空间高效硅太阳电池减反射膜设计与数值分析

结合AM0太阳光谱特性对空间硅太阳电池的减反射膜进行了设计分析,得到了最小反射时的最佳膜厚.分别讨论了单、双、三层减反射膜厚度变化对反射率的影响,并对有钝化层的Si O2 (94 nm) / Ti O2 (6 0 nm)双层减反射膜进行了优化设计,优化后硅太阳电池的短路电流和效率分别提高了2 .1%和1.4 % .     

多晶黑硅表面微结构对电池效率的影响

采用Ag离子辅助化学刻蚀法制备了多晶黑硅薄片,使用NaOH溶液处理多晶黑硅表面,增大其表面纳米孔直径,使SiNx薄膜能够均匀覆盖整个黑硅表面,提高黑硅的钝化效果,进而提高多晶黑硅电池光电转化效率.通过反射谱仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、太阳电池测试系统等测试和表征不同扩孔时间对多晶黑硅各方面性能的影响.结果表明:未被NaOH扩孔处理的多晶黑硅的反射率最低,为5.03％,多晶黑硅太阳电池的光电转化效率为16.51％.当多晶黑硅被NaOH腐蚀40 s时,反射率为10.01％,电池的效率为18.00％,比普通多晶硅太阳电池的效率高2.19％,比未被扩孔处理的多晶黑硅太阳电池的效率高1.49％.     

Double-layered silicon nitride antireflection coatings for multicrystalline silicon solar cells

Silicon nitride coating possesses both optical antireflection and electrical passivation effects for crystalline silicon solar cells. In this work, we employed a double-layered silicon nitride coating consisting of a top layer with a lower refractive index and a bottom layer (contacting the silicon wafer) with a higher refractive index for multicrystalline silicon solar cells. Double-layered silicon nitride coating provides a lower optical reflection and better surface passivation than those of single-layered silicon nitride. Details for optimizing the double-layered silicon nitride coating are presented. In order to get statistical conclusions, we fabricated a large number of multicrystalline silicon solar cells using the production line for both the double-layered and single-layered cell types. It was statistically demonstrated that the double-layered silicon nitride coating provided a consistent enhancement in the photovoltaic performance of multicrystalline silicon solar cells over those of the single-layered silicon nitride coating.     

Survey of material options and issues for thin film silicon solar cells

The high production cost of thick high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells inhibits widespread application of photovoltaic devices whereas the most developed of thin film cell technologies, that based on amorphous silicon, suffers inherent instability and low efficiency. Crystalline thin-film silicon solar cells offer the potential for a long-term solution for low cost but high-efficiency modules for most applications. This paper reviews the progress in thin-film silicon solar cell development over the last two decades, including progress in thin-film crystal growth, device fabrication, novel cell design, new material development, light trapping and both bulk and surface passivation. Quite promising results have been obtained for both large-grain (>100 μm) polycrystalline silicon material and the recently developed microcrystalline silicon materials. A novel multijunction solar cell design provides a new approach to achieving high-efficiency solar cells from very modest quality and hence low-cost material. Light trapping is essential for high performance from thin-film silicon solar cells. This can be realized by incorporating an appropriate texture on the substrate surface. Both bulk and surface passivation is also important to ensure that the photogenerated carriers can be collected effectively within the thin-film device. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

晶体硅太阳电池的双层结构钝化膜研究

针对目前基于p型硅片制备的单结太阳电池进一步提高表面钝化膜生产效率,利用氮化硅(SiNx)薄膜良好的钝化效果与价格低廉的二氧化钛(TiO2)膜,降低SiNx镀膜厚度减薄对少子寿命的影响。在单晶硅片表面先用PECVD法沉积SiNx薄膜,然后用热喷涂沉积TiO2薄膜。对比测试了热喷涂沉积TiO2薄膜前后电池的性能,结果表明在SiNx膜上增加TiO2膜层后少子寿命明显提高,这可能是TiO2膜结构内存在固定正电荷所致。这种双层结构封装后的太阳电池显示出了较好的光学与电学性能,对进一步改进太阳电池性能具有重要参考价值。     

PC1D方法对铝背场钝化技术的分析

降低单晶硅原材料成本,采用更薄的硅片作为太阳电池的原料是晶体硅太阳电池产业发展的趋势之一。对薄片化的太阳电池,铝背场的背表面钝化工艺显得愈加重要。采用PC1D太阳电池软件模拟的方法,对以商业用p型硅为衬底的单晶硅125×125太阳电池的铝背场的背表面钝化技术进行了模拟,分析得出,对一定厚度的电池片来说,尤其是当少数载流...     

多晶硅太阳电池PECVD氮化硅钝化工艺的研究

介绍等离子体化学气相淀积(PECVD)制备减反射钝化膜。将PECVD设备运用于太阳电池生产线上,发现通过PECVD设备可以对多晶硅太阳电池有很好的钝化效果。分析PECVD对多晶硅太阳电池钝化机理。     

Surface passivation of crystalline silicon solar cells: a review

In the 1980s, advances in the passivation of both cell surfaces led to the first crystalline silicon solar cells with conversion efficiencies above 20%. With today's industry trend towards thinner wafers and higher cell efficiency, the passivation of the front and rear surfaces is now also becoming vitally important for commercial silicon cells. This paper presents a review of the surface passivation methods used since the 1970s, both on laboratory‐type as well as industrial cells. Given the trend towards lower‐cost (but also lower‐quality) Si materials such as block‐cast multicrystalline Si, ribbon Si or thin‐film polycrystalline Si, the most promising surface passivation methods identified to date are the fabrication of a p–n junction and the subsequent passivation of the resulting silicon surface with plasma silicon nitride as this material, besides reducing surface recombination and reflection losses, additionally provides a very efficient passivation of bulk defects. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

High‐quality surface passivation of silicon solar cells in an industrial‐type inline plasma silicon nitride deposition system

We have studied the surface passivation of silicon by deposition of silicon nitride (SiN) in an industrial‐type inline plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) reactor designed for the continuous coating of silicon solar cells with high throughput. An optimization study for the passivation of low‐resistivity p‐type silicon has been performed exploring the dependence of the film quality on key deposition parameters of the system. With the optimized films, excellent passivation properties have been obtained, both on undiffused p‐type silicon and on phosphorus‐diffused n⁺ emitters. Using a simple design, solar cells with conversion efficiencies above 20% have been fabricated to prove the efficacy of the inline PECVD SiN. The passivation properties of the films are on a par with those of high‐quality films prepared in small‐area laboratory PECVD reactors. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Passivating thin bifacial silicon solar cells for industrial production

A scheme for passivating thin multi‐crystalline silicon solar cells compatible to mass production is presented. Wafers with a thickness of 180 µm were processed into solar cells. The otherwise severe bowing has been avoided by reduced aluminium coverage on the rear surface. The process scheme includes a silicon nitride firing through step for conventional screen printed contacts, where a silicon nitride layer on the rear surface acts as surface passivation layer and enables a gain in efficiency of 0.6% [abs.]. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.