活性掺合料在高强混凝土中的应用

利用当地可取原材料,通过掺加一些活性掺合料来改变混凝土的各项性能.主要采用在普通525#水泥中掺加硅灰,超细矿渣及一定的高效减水剂来提高混凝土的强度,改变混凝土的流动性.     

磷渣-矿渣-水泥混合材抗硫酸盐侵蚀性研究

文章通过磷渣粉和矿渣粉的复掺试验,研究了磷渣粉与矿渣粉复掺对水泥力学性能和抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能的影响。试验结果表明,磷渣粉与矿渣粉复掺能够进一步提升矿渣的抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能,提高水泥的抗硫酸盐侵蚀能力,并且矿渣粉的掺入能够改善因掺入磷渣粉导致早期强度不足的缺点,其中20%磷渣粉+10%矿渣粉+70%水泥组试块7d强度有了显著的提升,28d强度与空白组相当,抗蚀系数K值为1.159。     

长大隧道高性能绿色新型混凝土配合比设计研究

文章对高性能绿色新型混凝土配合比进行两阶段的优化设计研究,通过双掺粉煤灰和硅灰,提高其早期强度和耐久性,并通过石灰石微粉提高其粘结性能和降低回弹率,以达到绿色环保施工的目的。     

矿物掺和料对C50海工混凝土物理力学性能的影响

根据杭州湾跨海大桥的设计要求,提出了制备C50海工混凝土的原材料选择、配合比设计和质量控制方法,结合原材料研究了矿物掺和料对海工混凝土工作性能和力学性能的影响规律.发现掺加粉煤灰或矿渣能明显提高海工混凝土的工作性,采用双掺粉煤灰和矿渣或三元复掺粉煤灰-矿渣-硅灰技术能满足C50混凝土早期张拉要求,随矿物组分中硅灰所占比例增大,力学性能增强效果越明显.     

广西地区路面水泥混凝土耐久性试验研究

文章通过室内实验，研究了双掺超细矿渣和高效减水剂对路面混凝土耐久性和抗裂性的影响，并将其与硅粉混凝土进行了对比。试验结果表明，在选定合适的配合比后，改性混凝土的力学性能和耐磨性较普通混凝土有所提高，抗塑性开裂能力有明显改善。此外改性混凝土虽然强度和耐磨性较硅粉混凝土低，但抗裂性能更为优越。     

双掺技术防治混凝土结构早期裂缝试验研究

在混凝土中掺加一定数量的纤维、矿渣和粉煤灰,能够改善混凝土的连续性和整体性,提高混凝土的早期抗拉强度和极限拉伸应变,减少混凝土早期裂缝的发生.     

玄武岩纤维对桥面铺装混凝土性能的影响研究

为了研究玄武岩纤维对桥面铺装混凝土性能的影响,文章设计了5种不同玄武岩纤维掺量的桥面铺装混凝土试件,针对不同玄武岩纤维掺量的桥面铺装混凝土进行力学性能及冻融损伤性能分析。结果表明:(1)随着玄武岩纤维的增加,桥面铺装混凝土在冻融损伤和未冻融损伤情况下的强度均呈先增大后减小的变化趋势;(2)适量的玄武岩纤维有利于改善桥面铺装混凝土的力学性能,其最佳掺量为0.1%;(3)玄武岩纤维过量在混凝土内部难以均匀分布,容易产生成团现象,致使混凝土的粘结力下降,故不利于改善桥面铺装混凝土的力学强度。     

桥梁伸缩缝过渡区混凝土性能优化研究

文章根据桥梁伸缩缝结构受力特点,以C50混凝土配合比为基准,通过试验研究双掺EVA-HPMC对硫铝酸盐水泥混凝土力学性能、耐久性、收缩性等性能的影响。研究表明:EVA与硫铝酸盐水泥具有良好的适应性,随着掺量的增加,混凝土弯拉强度、粘结强度、耐久性等指标均有明显提升,HPMC的复合掺入进一步改善上述指标并对混凝土早期塑性开裂改善明显。同时,通过EVA-HPMC掺量变化对混凝土性能的改善趋势,提出了EVA经济掺量为4%的建议,并建立了EVA-HPMC改性硫铝酸盐水泥混凝土拉拔粘结强度与劈裂抗拉强度的幂函数相关关系。     

掺硅粉路面混凝土性能与工艺研究

从抗折强度和经济性两方面研究了路面混凝土的硅粉最优掺量,并对强度、疲劳特性、脆性、耐磨性抗冻性等路用性能进行了研究.结果表明,与不掺硅粉路面混凝土相比,路面混凝土中按最佳掺量15～20kg/m3掺入硅粉,能显著提高路面混凝土的路用性能和降低工程造价,如抗折强度提高10%、极限拉伸应变提高22%以上、压折比降低7%、耐磨性提高42%和抗冻性能提高近10倍、材料费用可节约11%左右.最后对掺硅粉路面混凝土施工工艺和技术经济性进行了分析,表明掺硅粉混凝土在路面工程中应用是可行的.     

内养护技术在水泥混凝土路面中的应用分析

内养护技术作为一种新的养护方式,对公路用水泥混凝土性能发展具有不可预知的潜在效果,文章通过抗压强度试验、抗渗性能试验与早期抗裂试验对掺加不同内养护材料的混凝土进行研究分析。试验结果显示:内养护(SAP和轻骨料)水泥混凝土的抗渗性能和抗裂性能得到了显著改善,且随内养护材料用量的增加而逐渐提高;力学强度试验发现SAP和轻骨料对混凝土的强度具有劣化作用,随材料用量的增加而劣化效果逐渐严重(尤其是混凝土早期强度)。     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

Evaluation of pedestrian crosswalk level of service (LOS) in perspective of type of land-use

In India pedestrians usually cross the road at mid-block crosswalks due to ease of access to their destination or the development of adjacent land use types such as shopping, business areas, school and residential areas. The behaviour of pedestrian will change with respect to different land use type and this change in behaviour of pedestrian further reflects change in perceived level of service (LOS). So, it is important to evaluate the quality of service of such crossing facilities with respect to different land-use type under mixed traffic conditions. In this framework, pedestrian perceived LOS were collected with respect to different land-use type such as shopping, residential and business areas. The ordered probit (OP) model was developed by using NLOGIT software package, with number of vehicles encountered, road crossing difficulty as well as safety considered as primary factors along with pedestrian individual factors (gender and age), land-use type and roadway geometry. From the model results, it has been concluded that perceived safety, crossing difficulty, land-use condition, number of vehicles encountered, median width and number of lanes have significant effect on pedestrian perceived LOS at unprotected (un-signalized) mid-block crosswalks in mixed traffic scenario. The inferences of these results highlights the importance of land use planning in designing a new set of pedestrian access facilities for unprotected mid-block crosswalks under mixed traffic conditions. Also the study results would be useful for evaluating pedestrian accessibility taking into account different land-use type and planning required degree of segregation with vehicular movement at unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations.     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.     

盾构隧道管片接头抗剪力学性能研究

通过对南京长江盾构隧道环向管片接头进行的三组原型抗剪(无螺栓剪切、有螺栓逆剪和有螺栓顺剪)加载试验,分析研究了管片接头在剪力作用下的受力、变形和破坏特征,给出了管片接头混凝土接触面的静摩擦系数,得到了接头剪力主要由混凝土接触面承担、破坏形式为连接斜螺栓剪切延性破坏的结论。通过对管片结构的有限元数值模拟计算得出:接头处的剪力与轴力比小于接缝面的摩擦系数,管片不会发生相互错动,结构是稳定的。     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。