Investigation on the formation mechanism of ordered carbide (FeMn)<Subscript>3</Subscript>AlC in the Al added twinning-induced plasticity steels

The spinodal composition zone in Al added Fe-Mn-Al-C twinning-induced plasticity（TWIP） steels can be determined by contents of Al and C and aging temperature together, based on the thermodynamic analysis. Precipitation of ordered（FeMn）₃AlC carbide by the mechanism of spinodal decomposition occurs in the C-rich and Al-rich zone with low aging temperature. Increase of aging temperature shrinks spinodal composition zone to the high Al and C contents. As a result, the precipitation of（FeMn）₃AlC carbide alters from spinodal decomposition to classical nucleation-growth manner gradually. Further calculation indicates that the diffusion of Al can play a key role in determining the growth rate of（FeMn）₃AlC carbide at high aging temperature.     

Fe-30Mn-11Al-1C合金的调幅分解

通过金相、XRD、透射电镜和显微硬度,分析了Fe-30Mn-11A1-1C合金在450～750℃温度区间时效的组织和硬度的变化规律,研究结果表明时效温度低于450℃奥氏体难以析出第二相,其硬度变化也不大;在550～750℃时效2h,奥氏体晶内产生调幅分解,晶界析出Fe3Al,电镜可观察到典型的调幅结构,随时效温度升高调幅结构波长变大;在650℃经2h时效,有βMn析出;调幅分解及析出相都可以提高合金硬度,但析出物粗化使硬度明显降低．     

TiCx／Fe（Al，Ti）复合材料的常压制备及性能

通过原位反应常压烧结法制备了一种新型的TiCx／Fe（Al,Ti）复合材料,并对Ti3AlC2与Fe的原位反应途径及制备工艺和性能进行了研究,结果表明,Ti3AlG从760℃附近就开始与Fe初步发生原位反应,生成TiCY相．随着烧结温度达到1100℃,Ti3A1G相的衍射峰完全消失,随着温度继续升高到1400℃的烧结温度范围内,所生成的复合材料物相均保持为TiG和Fe（A1,Ti）固溶体不变．反应后,原料中微米尺寸的Ti3AlG颗粒分裂成尺寸约500nm左右的片状小颗粒,各小颗粒与Fe基体紧密连接的．而复合材料的力学性能随着Ti,～C2的体积含量发生变化,当Ti3AlG含量达到时20％,复合材料抗弯强度达到最大为266MPa．     

Formation of nanometer coherent structures during spinodal decomposition and ordering coexistence phase transformation in Fe-24Al alloys

The nanometer coherent structure evolution of spinodal decomposition and ordering coexistence phase transformation in Fe-24Al alloys is investigated by the microscopic phase field kinetic model. The results show that the concentration and long-range order parameters all continuously change towards to their equilibrium values during phase transformation. With the increase of elastic interaction energy, the anisotropy along [01] or [10] elastic soft direction is more obvious and the time reaching equilibrium state is also shortened. According to the results, the formation of nanometer coherent structures during phase transformation is composed of the initial decreasing stage of order degree stage, the incubation stage, the continuous increasing stage of concentration order parameter and long-range order parameter, and the later stable stage. The spinodal decomposition and ordering is interaction; the initial ordering stage is a necessary condition of the coexistence phase transformation. The nanometer coherent structures are not found to grow during the whole phase transformation. The simulation results are in accordance with the results in experiment obtained by the aging treatment in Fe-24Al alloys.     

Evolving mechanism of eutectic carbide in as-cast AISI M2 high-speed steel at elevated temperature

AbstractThe evolution in type,size and shape of carbides in as-cast American Iron and Steel Institute(AISI) M2 high-speed steel before and after annealing were investigated.The micromechanism which was responsible for those changes was also analyzed and discussed.At the initial stage of reheating,metastable M2C-type carbide decomposed continuously.M6C-type carbide nucleated at the interface of M2C/γfirstly and grow from surface to center.Then MC-type carbide nucleated at both surface of M6C/M6C and inner of M6C.With the increasing decomposition of the metastable M2C-type carbide,the rod-shaped construction of eutectic carbide began necking,fracturing and spheroidizing gradually.Held enough time or reheated at higher temperature,particle-shaped product aggregated and grew up apparently,while secondary carbide precipitated in cell and grew up less sig- nificantly than the former.Based on the above microstructural observation,the thermodynamic mechanism for decomposition of M2C carbide,for spheroidization of products,and for the growth of particles were analyzed.The rate equations of carbides evolution were derived,too.It shows that the evolving rate is controlled by diffusion coefficients of alloy atoms,morphology of eutectic carbides and heating temperature.     

Al2O3基陶瓷材料与硬质合金摩擦的应力分析

利用ANSYS有限元分析软件对5种Al2O3基陶瓷材料（纯Al2O3、Al2O3／TiC、Al2O3／（W,Ti）C、Al2O3／Ti（C,N）和Al2O3／SiCw）在MRH-3环块磨损试验机上与硬质合金摩擦进行模拟仿真,得到摩擦磨损过程中的应力及分布,并与室温下的磨损实验结果相比较,同时还探讨了不同添加剂的Al2O3基陶瓷的磨损机理．结果表明：不同成分的Al2O3基陶瓷材料在摩擦磨损过程中最大主应力位于摩擦副接触区中心,最大剪应力位于摩擦副接触区边缘;载荷对主应力和剪应力大小的影响比转速的影响大;在相同的摩擦条件下,受到合应力越大的陶瓷其磨损率越大;合应力越大的陶瓷磨损后陶瓷表面越容易产生微裂纹．5种Al2O3基陶瓷磨损率的大小为：Al2O3〉Al2O3／（W,Ti）C〉Al2O3／Ti（C,N）〉Al2O3／TiC〉Al2O3／SiCw．     

Evotherm温拌剂对橡胶沥青老化性能的影响研究

橡胶沥青具有高粘度的特点,而温拌剂改善了沥青混合料的施工和易性,实则是降低了沥青混合料的同温度粘度。关于温拌剂的加入是否会对橡胶沥青的老化性能产生影响,目前研究较少。通过室内短期老化模拟、长期老化模拟以及老化性能评价,分析Evotherm温拌剂的掺加及其剂量对橡胶沥青老化后的高温粘度、车辙因子（G＊/sinδ）及蠕变劲度S等性能指标的影响,结果表明：Evotherm温拌剂没有改善橡胶沥青在拌合和施工阶段的抗老化性能的能力;老化指数（AIPAV,AIRTFO）随Evotherm温拌剂剂量的增加而减少;老化使得添加温拌剂的橡胶沥青的低温抗裂性能有一定程度的提高;综合考虑施工高温下的老化和使用过程中的长期老化,建议选择12%Evotherm的剂量。     

热处理对高速钢红硬性的影响

用新研制的M2Si-3及M2Si-4研究了热处理对高速钢红硬性的影响。结果得出，提高淬火温度以增加溶入奥氏体中的碳化物以及在淬火后增加一次低温回火均可有效提高红硬性。但为通过淬火温度以提高红硬性，除必须提高钢料碳含量外还应设法细化碳化物。     

Effects of RE on the Microstructure of Mg-8Zn-4Al Magnesium Alloys

IntroductionMagnesium alloys are called green-engineeringmaterial with great development potential becauseof its low density, high specific strength and stiff-ness, superior damping capacity, good electromag-netic shielding characteristics and good machinabil-ity[1]. However, the number of commercially avail-able magnesium alloys is still limited especially forapplication at elevated temperatures. The applica-tions of most common magnesium alloys such asAZ91 and AM60 with outstanding mechani…     

粒化聚合物改善沥青混合料路用性能的试验研究

通过大量的室内试验分析,研究了粒化聚合物PR PLAST对沥青混合料性能的改善作用,通过对不同掺量的粒化聚合物沥青混合料的性能试验,发现掺量增加时,沥青混合料的高温抗车辙能力也随之提高,在掺量为0.5%时动稳定度提高约3倍;沥青混合料的水稳性也有一定程度的提高,低温抗裂性有少量改善.研究结果表明粒化聚合PR PLAST能有效的提高沥青混合料高温抗车辙能力,并对其他性能也有所改善,且掺加方法极为简便.     

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON REMOVAL OF NOx IN FLUE GAS AT THENONEQUILIBRIUM PLASMA

Removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in flue gas by means of nonequilibrium plasma technology is a very prospect and attractive method. As the nonequilibrium plasma micro discharges can generate a powerful energy flux, imparted to the flue gas, the molecules and atoms of pollutants are motivated and decomposed, and then NOx in the flue gas are decomposed and conversed in the particular conditions. Based on nonequilibrium plasma in combination with catalytic principle, an experimental investigation on NOx decomposition and conversion with AI2 03 catalysts was carriedout and the NOx removal rate up to 95% was obtained. The NOx decomposition and conversion principle with AI2O3 catalysts was also discussed.     

沥青性能的DSC评价方法

应用DSC（differential scanning calorimetry）方法测定原样沥青聚集状态改变时的热量变化,以及沥青在不同老化程度下和掺加蜡含量不同时的热稳定性及变化程度,定性评价了不同沥青的温度稳定性和高温性能。结果表明,从DSC测试的热量变化可发现沥青经过改性后,温度稳定性提高了,吸热峰能量值减少了50％以上,感温性降低了;沥青分别经过旋转薄膜烘箱和PAV老化后,吸热峰能量值减少了40％以上,表明经过程度不同的老化试验,沥青的热稳定性更好;含蜡量越低,温度稳定性越好。DSC方法与沥青高温常规试验结果对比表明,沥青吸热峰的能量值和沥青的高温指标试验结果之间有较好的相关性和一致性,说明应用DSC评价方法可以从微观上验证与判断沥青的高温性能。     

烧结机破碎齿耐磨堆焊层的金相分析

烧结机破碎辊的单(双)齿是承受高温冲击磨损的工件.本文对其堆焊层的金相组织、高温性能及抗磨性进行了测试与分析,采用高温金相、透射电镜、电子探针等检测手段,查明了堆焊层的组织构造.通过微区成分分析证实骨络状组织为 Fe4(Cr,Mo)2C型复合碳化物.文中还对自行研制的 L2型高温耐磨堆焊焊条堆焊层的组织性能进行了分析,证实其性能完全满足烧络机单(双)齿辊的技术要求.     

SBS改性沥青光老化性能试验研究

沥青在高温、光氧作用下会发生一系列物理及化学变化,通过常规试验、动态剪切试验、BBR试验并结合FTIR试验来研究老化后的性能,结果表明,SBS改性沥青老化后出现了羧基和亚砜基;其软化点增加,针入度减小,低温延度降低,缩短了路面使用寿命。     

氙灯加速老化对沥青混合料性能的影响

为考察沥青混合料的性能受光照的影响,对三种级配类型及四种沥青的沥青混合料进行氙灯加速老化试验.用马歇尔稳定度和流值、紫外光老化前后马歇尔稳定度和流值的变化分别评价沥青混合料的高温稳定性和抗紫外光老化能力.结果表明木质素纤维能够有效改善沥青混合料的高温稳定性及抗紫外光老化性能.不同级配类型的沥青混合料的高温稳定性和抗紫外光老化性能各有差异:密级配受影响程度最小,半开级配次之,开级配最差.这些特点可以为沥青混合料紫外光老化的研究提供有益的参考,也为紫外线辐射强烈的西部地区沥青混合料的评价与选择提供依据.     

Fe—Mn—Al—Cr系奥氏体热强钢持久缺口脆性的研究

利用光滑与缺口试样高温持久试验、沉淀相分析及电子金相等方法,研究了Fe-Mn-Al-Cr 基奥氏体热强钢的高温持久缺口脆性.实验结果表明,通过优化 C 与 V 及 Nb 含量的配比和选择适宜的时效温度,可以消除持久缺口敏感性.     

热老化作用下橡胶改性沥青的低温流变性能

为探究老化作用下橡胶改性沥青（AER）及其复合改性沥青（AER/SBS）的低温流变性能，借助常规性能、低温弯曲试验和Burgers模型，研究了在不同老化状态、不同橡胶粉掺量下AER改性沥青及其复合改性沥青的低温流变特性，同时借助红外光谱（FTIR）方法定量分析老化对AER改性沥青官能团的影响，并将其官能团指数和低温指标进行相关性分析. 研究结果表明:在不同老化状态下AER、SBS均可提高沥青低温性能，且短期老化下AER/SBS复合改性沥青的低温性能优于AER改性沥青，长期老化则反之；AER、SBS改性剂均可改善沥青的劲度模量，且AER对沥青劲度模量的影响程度更显著，同时低温指标（劲度模量S、蠕变速率m、劲度模量与蠕变速率之比S/m）与黏弹性指标（松弛时间λ、耗散能比a具有紧密的联系；AER改性沥青的低温性能与脂肪指数I_A和脂肪长链指数I_AL有较高的相关性，且I_A越大其低温性能越好，I_AL则反之.      

2．25Cr─1Mo钢焊接接头蠕变断裂时碳化物状态的研究

选择２２５Ｃｒ─１Ｍｏ钢手工电弧多层焊焊接头进行了不同工艺规范的持久强度试验，用透射电镜对蠕变断裂时母材和焊缝碳化物的形态、大小和分布进行了分析，采用选区电子衍射和ＥＤＡＸ能谱分析方法对析出的碳化物类型进行了鉴定．结果表明，试验中出现的碳化物类型分别为Ｆｅ３Ｃ，Ｍｏ２Ｃ和Ｍ２３Ｃ６．在试验时间较长应力较小时，断裂试样中针状Ｍｏ２Ｃ在晶内聚集粗化，块状Ｍ２３Ｃ６在晶界聚集粗化，这种碳化物分布状态是影响蠕变断裂的主要因素．     

Recycling of aluminum from fibre metal laminates

Recycling of aluminum alloy scrap obtained from delaminated fibre metal laminates (FMLs) was studied through high temperature refining in the presence of a salt flux. The aluminum alloy scrap contains approximately mass fraction w(Cu) = 4.4%, w(Mg) = 1.1% and w(Mn) = 0.6% (2024 aluminum alloy). The main objective of this research is to obtain a high metal yield, while maintaining its original alloy compositions. The work focuses on the metal yield and quality of recycled Al alloy under different refining conditions. The NaCl-KCl salt system was selected as the major components of flux in the Al alloy recycling. Two different flux compositions were employed at NaCl to KCl mass ratios of 44:56 and 70:30 respectively, based on either the eutectic composition, or the European preference. Different additives were introduced into the NaCl-KCl system to study the effect of flux component on recycling result. Although burning and oxidation loss of the alloying elements during re-melting and refining take place as the drawbacks of conventional refining process, the problems can be solved to a large extent by using an appropriate salt flux. Experimental results indicate that Mg in the alloy gets lost when adding cryolite in the NaCl-KCl salt system, though the metal yield can reach as high as 98%. However, by adding w(MgF₂) = 5% into the NaCl-KCl salt system (instead of using cryolite) all alloying elements were well controlled to its original composition with a metal yield of almost 98%.     

Ignition-proof properties of a high-strength Mg-Gd-Ag-Zr alloy

<正>A high-strength Mg-15.3Gd-l.8Ag-0.3Zr(GQ152K,mass fraction) alloy was prepared by conventional ingot metallurgy process.The solution and aging(denoted as T6) treated alloy exhibits remarkable mechanical properties with ultimate tensile strength of 421 MPa and tensile yield strength of 309MPa.It has higher igniting temperature of 1208 K.Moreover,it can stand against flame at 1203 K for over 6 min in vertical burning tests, and its flammabiUty behavior is very similar to that of 6101A1 alloy.Vertical burning tests appear to be able to directly study the flammability behavior of Mg alloys and it appears to be a good approach to study the flammability behavior of Mg alloys in an aircraft fire accident.