镁掺杂对偏钛酸锌微波介电性能的影响

利用溶胶凝胶方法制备了六方密堆积结构（Zn1-xMgx）TiO3（x=0．1～0．4）固溶体．采用阿基米德排水法和微波频率下Hakki—Paoli法测定了不同Mg^2＋添加量在不同烧结温度下的陶瓷体积密度和微波介电性能．利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征了不同Mg^2＋掺杂量体系在1100℃下烧结后陶瓷的形貌．结果表明,Mg^2＋掺杂能有效稳定六方密堆积结构,避免其分解为反尖晶石结构的Zn2TiO4和金红石（TiO2）．当Mg^2＋掺杂量x=0．3,1100％下烧结时,可获得最稳定、致密的六方密堆积结构陶瓷体,且该陶瓷具有优良的微波介电性能：微波介电常数（εr）=27．1、品质因数（Q＊f）=59000GHz、谐振频率温度系数（τf）=-65ppm／℃．     

一腔多模动态扫频法测量生物材料的介电特性

物质介电特性的无损检测需要多次测量,而每次测量需要重新调试测试系统,这样就使得测量效率降低而成本增加.本研究依据谐振腔微扰法理论,设计了电磁分离的实验测试系统.在该系统中,选取了TE10p(p取奇数)谐振腔谐振模式,采用一腔多模动态扫频法,对多种树木的介电常数和损耗进行了测量计算.该测量方法在同一时间,可以同时测得树木在3个不同频率下的介电常数和损耗特性,极大地减少了单频多次测量过程中调谐腔体尺寸所引起的误差.用该方法对聚四氟乙烯材料的介电常数反复的测量验证,测量误差均小于1％.      

Microwave hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanostructures in aqueous solution

ZnO nanostructures were prepared in aqueous solution by microwave hydrothermal synthesis. Xray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to characterize ZnO nanostructures (ZNs). The effects of pH, reaction temperature and reaction time on yield of ZnO were investigated. The yield of ZnO increased significantly with the increase of pH value, reaction temperature and reaction time. High yield and well crystallinity of ZNs could be obtained at 120°C for 60min by microwave hydrothermal synthesis. The spherical and rugby-like ZNs were obtained at 120°C without triethanolamine (TEA) and with TEA (mass ratio, $r = m_{Zn^{2 + } }$ : m _TEA = 1: 1), respectively. The concentration of Zn(OH) ₄ ^?2 ions in the reaction solution and TEA had an important effect on the nucleation and morphology of ZnO nanostructures. Mechanism for the formation of ZnO nanostructures was proposed.     

Effect of oxygen content on structural and optical properties of single Cu2O film by reactive magnetron sputtering method

Cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) thin films have been deposited on glass substrate by reactive magnetron sputtering method using Cu target and argon oxygen gas atmosphere. Effect of oxygen flow rate on structural and optical properties of thin films has been discussed. The results of X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and atomic force micrograph indicated that the condition window for single Cu₂O phase was about 3.8 to 4.4 cm³/min, and the optimum oxygen flow rate was 4.2 cm³/min. The optical band gap E _g of Cu₂O film was determined by using the data of transmittance versus wavelength, and slightly decreased from 2.46 to 2.40 eV with the increase of oxygen flow rate from 3.8 to 4.4 cm³/min. The Cu₂O film formed at the oxygen flow rate of 4.2 cm³/min had an optical band gap of 2.43 eV.     

FABRICATION AND CHARACTERATION OF NANOPOROUS SILICA FILM

Microporoussilicafilmswithspecialpropertiesareexpectedtobeusedinmanyfields,suchasopticalcoat ing[1 ] ,sensor,membrance[2 ] ,anddielectricfilm[3 ] .Itslowsoundspeedandacousticdelayorhigherratiosoundinsulatingmaybeusedasultrasounddetector[4] .Theexcellentfeaturesofinsulatingpropertyanditsnearper fectinterfaceonsiliconcouldplayakeyroleinsuccessofverylargescaleintegrated(VLSI)devices[5\〗,etc.Intheotheraspects,nanoporoussilicafilmsarebeingusedinseparationtechnology[6] ,molecularengineering,andbi…     

疏水-亲水型硅胶固定化葡萄糖氧化酶的研究

目的　评价疏水 亲水型硅胶作为载体固定化葡萄糖氧化酶的性能 ,以期制备出能用于临床体液中葡萄糖浓度测定的生物传感器。方法　以甲基三甲氧基硅 (MTMOS)和γ 氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷 (APTMOS)为原料 ,利用溶胶 凝胶技术制成了一种疏水 亲水型硅胶 ,以 1 乙基 3 (3 二甲基氨丙基 ) 碳二亚胺·盐酸 (EDC)和N 羟基琥珀酰亚胺(NHS)为催化剂 ,利用葡萄糖氧化酶 (GOD)分子中的羧基基团与硅胶中氨基基团间的碳二亚胺偶联反应 ,实现了GOD在硅胶上的固定化 ,考察了固定化GOD的基本性质。结果　固定化GOD活力最优时的条件如下 :APTMOS的体积分数为 70 %、给酶量为 16 80 0U、最适温度和最适pH值分别为 35℃和 5 .5 ,固定化GOD具有很好的操作稳定性和贮存稳定性 ,其米氏常数Km为 9.1mmol·L-1。结论　疏水 亲水型硅胶是一种新型的酶固定化载体 ,可用于多种酶的固定化。     

Static softening characteristics and static recrystallization kinetics of aluminum alloy A6082 after hot deformation

The static softening behavior of aluminum alloy A6082 was investigated by interrupted hot tests conducted on Gleeble-1500 simulator at deformation temperatures from 573 to 773 K and strain rates from 0.1 to 10 s⁻¹, with a pre-strain from 0.3 to 0.7 and variable inter-pass delay times. The offset method was applied to convert the changes in flow stress between two passes to static softening fraction. The microstructural changes were characterized by the quantitative metallography of quenched specimens. The results showed both static softening and static recrystallization curves exhibited a simple sigmoidal shape; the static softening is related to the static recrystallization in a nonlinear manner with 50% static recrystallized volume fraction corresponding to 80% static softening fraction; an increase in temperature, strain rate or pre-strain yields a decrease in the time for 50% static recrysallized volume fraction, on which the temperature has the most remarkable influence; Si and Mn additions accelerate the process of static recrystallization. Finally, the equations of static recrystallization kinetics of this alloy were developed with a good agreement between the predicted and experimental results.     

Hybrid process of fabricating high-quality micro wine-glass fused silica resonators

A new hybrid method, which combines improved glass-blown technology with wet etching, is reported to fabricate micro wine-glass resonators with high-quality fused silica. The optimum placement is compared to achieve the resonators with good shell shape. The typical shell diameter is about 4mm and its thickness covers from dozens to hundreds of micrometers. The etching rates in corrosion solutions with different ratios and at different thicknesses of hemispherical shells are studied. We also conclude how to precisely control the thickness. The corrosion solutions with different ratios of HF solution to NH₄F solution make the spherical shells rougher in different degrees. The best roughness is 0.581 nm in the 1: 8 ratio corrosion solution while the original roughness is 0.537 nm. This fact shows that the resonator remains atomically smooth surface. Based on the glassblowing spherical fused silica structure, the thickness of the resonator is effectively controlled by buffered oxide etch (BOE) technology according to the measured etching rate. The measured resonant frequency of the hemispherical shell at ambient pressure and room temperature is 1.75 kHz of rocking mode which is close to the simulated frequency. Using such a low-cost hybrid approach, we can fabricate high-quality microscale resonators in batch.     

沥青四组分和沥青的热失重分析

采用热失重分析仪(TGA)对沥青四组分及几种基质沥青进行非等温热失重分析,研究表明,饱和分、芳香分、胶质、沥青质开始迅速分解时的温度分别为300℃,412℃,438℃,472℃;含饱和分较多的沥青分解温度较低。在沥青进行改性及储存的施工温度为160℃~180℃时对饱和分及芳香分进行等温热失重分析,研究表明,在160℃~180℃饱和分和芳香分会产生较大的损耗,饱和分和芳香分在180℃恒温3 h的质量损失为160℃的3倍左右;不同产地的沥青由于饱和分和芳香分含量的差异其损耗程度不相同;热储存中,饱和分含量低的沥青在较短时间内质量损失趋于稳定,饱和分含量高的沥青随着储存时间延长质量损失仍较严重。     

哑铃形EBG结构微带天线的设计与仿真

以哑铃形EBG结构为研究载体,通过数值计算,对其带隙特性进行了研究．结果表明：在一定范围内哑铃形结构矩形边长增加、狭缝长度增加、介质基板厚度增加、介电常数增加,带隙中心频率呈下降趋势,而狭缝宽度增加,带隙中心频率呈上升趋势;同时表明介质基板厚度、介电常数增加,禁带宽度上升,狭缝宽度增加,禁带宽度下降．依据所得结论,设计了一Ku频段的微带贴片天线,与无EBG结构的同尺寸天线相比,其单元天线增益提高了1．68dB,方向图特性得到了很好的改善．     

二氯二硫脲合镉晶体的电子结构与光学性质的研究

采用基于平面波赝势方法（PWP）和局域密度近似（LDA）的第一性原理方法,研究了二氯二硫脲合镉（BTCC）晶体的电子结构,能态密度和线性光学性质。研究表明BTCC晶体属间接带隙晶体,带隙值为3.81 eV;电荷密度分析反映Cd和Cl原子,以及氢键对分子组合以及排列结构有重要影响。采用密度矩阵理论计算了介电常数和折射率,理论结果与实验符合甚佳。     

弱磁性介质谐振腔的品质因数特性

以有机高分子磁性材料作为金属壁谐振腔的填充材料，根据腔体内的场结构，分析材料的相对磁导率和介质损耗对谐振腔的品质因数的影响．分析表明，在介质损耗相同的情况下，谐振腔的品质因数随相对磁导率呈增加趋势，且介质损耗越小，增加趋势越明显．     

Modified Nafion polymer electrolyte membranes by ��-ray irradiation used in direct methanol fuel cells

Modification of the commercial polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) Nafion 117 by ??-ray irradiation to produce an improved proton exchange membrane for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) was described. The Nafion 117 membrane was exposed under ??-ray irradiation circumstance with the irradiation doses from 10³ to 10⁵ Gy. Subsequently the properties of the membrane itself, in terms of swelling ratio, water uptake rate, proton conductivity and methanol permeability, together with the performance of its membrane electrode assembly (MEA) in DMFC were analyzed and contrasted with the untreated material. When the Nafion 117 membrane was exposed under ??-ray irradiation circumstance, the degradation and crosslinking reactions occurred at the same time. Specific scopes of the ??-ray irradiation dose may cause the membrane crosslinking, thus reduce the membrane swelling ratio and decrease the methanol crossover. By reducing the membrane swelling ratio and methanol permeation, the single DMFC with the modified Nafion 117 membrane produced reasonable power density performance as high as 32W/m² under 2mol/L methanol solution at room temperature.     

Study of graphene doped zinc oxide nanocomposite as transparent conducting oxide electrodes for solar cell applications

The graphite oxide(GO) was prepared based on the modified Hummers method, then reacted with zinc acetate aqueous, sodium hydroxide aqueous and hydrazine hydrate, and was doped into ZnO eventually to form graphene doped ZnO, an alternative transparent conducting oxide(TCO) for solar cell applications. The samples were characterized by Raman spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope, and compared with widely used aluminum doped ZnO(AZO) in resistivity and transmissivity. The results show that the transmissivity of graphene doped ZnO reaches the same level as that of AZO in visible light band. In ultraviolet light wave band, the transmissivity of graphene doped ZnO reaches as high as 50%, exceeding that of AZO which is only 20%. The resistivity of optimized graphene doped ZnO is1.03 × 10-5Ω· m, approaching AZO resistivity which is about 10-4—10-6Ω· m. As a result, graphene doped ZnO may have potential applications in the area of TCO due to its low cost and high performance.     

基于FDTD法等离子体光子晶体的禁带特性研究

研究了垂直入射的电磁波在一维等离子体光子晶体中的传播特性,采用时域有限差分方法数值模拟的方法讨论了等离子体厚度和介质材料的介电常数对电磁波在等离子体光子晶体中传播反射和透射特性的影响,给出相应参数的模拟结果.     

Degradation behavior of epoxy resins in fibre metal laminates under thermal conditions

GLARE (glass fibre/epoxy reinforced aluminum laminate) is a member of the fiber metal laminate (FML) family, and is built up of alternating metal and fiber layers. About 500 m² GLARE is employed in each Airbus A380 because of the superior mechanical properties over the monolithic aluminum alloys, such as weight reduction, improved damage tolerance and higher ultimate tensile strength. Many tons of new GLARE scraps have been accumulated during the Airbus A380 manufacturing. Moreover, with the increasing plane orders of Airbus A380, more and more end-of-life (EOL) GLARE scrap will be generated after retire of planes within forty years. Thermal processing is a potential method for the material recycling and re-use from GLARE with the aim of environmental protection and economic benefits. The current study indicatdes that thermal delamination is a crucial pre-treatment step for the GLARE recycling. The decomposition behavior of the epoxy resins at elevated temperatures was investigated by using the simultaneous thermal analysis, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Based on the thermal analysis results, GLARE thermal delamination experiments at refined temperatures were carried out to optimize the treatment temperature and holding time.     

Approach for Reliability Evaluation of Cross-Linked Polyethylene Under Combined Thermal and Vibration Stresses

Based on Wiener process model, a new approach for reliability evaluation of cross-linked polyethylene(XLPE) is proposed to improve the lifetime evaluation reliability of XLPE under multi-stressing conditions and study the failure probability distribution. In this paper, two accelerated aging tests are carried out under combined thermal and vibration conditions. The volume resistance degradation data of XLPE samples are tested with a24 h interval under the accelerated stressing conditions at(130℃, 12 m/s~2) and(150℃, 8.5 m/s~2), respectively.Nonlinear degradation data obtained from the experiment are transformed to linear intermediate-variable values using time scaling function, and then linearized degradation data are calculated and evaluated on the basis of linear Wiener process model. Considering traditional Arrhenius equation and inverse power criterion, parameters of the linear Wiener model are estimated according to the maximum likelihood function. The relationship curves on probability density and reliability are given, and the lifetime distribution of XLPE under different stressing conditions is also obtained for evaluating the reliability of XLPE insulation. Finally, the life expectancy of XLPE is 17.9 a under an allowance temperature of 90℃ and an actual vibration acceleration of 0.5 m/s~2. The approach and results in this paper may be used for reliability assessment of high-voltage multiple samples or apparatuses.     

由含氟废气制备白炭黑的工艺研究

磷化工生产中排放的大量含氟废气（其主要成分为四氟化硅和氟化氢等）不仅污染环境,而且是氟资源的一种浪费。本文从实验出发,研究了由含氟废气吸收液制备纳米白炭黑的工艺,从浓度、反应温度等几个方面论述了对白炭黑质量产生影响的因素。实验研究表明,含氟废气经吸收后,氟、硅含量大大降低,达到国家标准,且制备的白炭黑产品可适用于多种工业需求。     

Ignition-proof properties of a high-strength Mg-Gd-Ag-Zr alloy

<正>A high-strength Mg-15.3Gd-l.8Ag-0.3Zr(GQ152K,mass fraction) alloy was prepared by conventional ingot metallurgy process.The solution and aging(denoted as T6) treated alloy exhibits remarkable mechanical properties with ultimate tensile strength of 421 MPa and tensile yield strength of 309MPa.It has higher igniting temperature of 1208 K.Moreover,it can stand against flame at 1203 K for over 6 min in vertical burning tests, and its flammabiUty behavior is very similar to that of 6101A1 alloy.Vertical burning tests appear to be able to directly study the flammability behavior of Mg alloys and it appears to be a good approach to study the flammability behavior of Mg alloys in an aircraft fire accident.     

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料细观损伤的温度效应

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的宏观力学行为与其微观损伤机理密切相关，随温度的升高，材料力学性能明显下降，SiCD／A356复合材料表现出不同的细观损伤机理．文中对真空双搅拌方法制备的质量分数为20％的SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料在室温和高温下的细观损伤机制进行了研究，在试样断口上，通过扫描电镜观察到了不同的裂纹萌生和扩展机制，根据不同温度下表现出的不同失效方法，归纳出了复合材料细观损伤的温度效应曲线．研究表明，在室温下复合材料的裂纹萌生以基体撕裂和颗粒断裂为主，高温下其裂纹萌生机制以颗粒脱离和基体撕裂为主．