社交网络中个人信息安全性分析

物联网、云计算的发展为社交网络发展带来了新的契机。同时,社交网络中个人信息也成为众商家博弈的焦点。大数据环境下,个人信息安全成为大家关注的焦点,也成为一个亟待解决的问题。本文以信息生命周期理论为依据,对社交网络个人信息各阶段的安全性进行分析,并剖析其生命周期各阶段存在的问题及相关影响因素,以期为日后问题解决提供针对性参考。     

国内移动社交电子商务的发展现状分析

信息技术与网络技术的发展和应用,改变了传统的商务活动,电子商务应运而生。电商企业为了维系固定用户、开拓新的市场,开始将目光转移到社交电子商务上。与此同时,以手机为中心的移动终端的快速发展,加速了社交电子商务的移动化。文章从移动社交电子商务产生入手,分析其快速发展的原因,通过调研其发展现状挖掘其在快速发展过程中存在的诸多问题。     

青年社交恐惧的成因与缓解策略研究

随着社会的快速发展和网络的普及,人们的交往形式慢慢发生改变,青年社交恐惧现象出现,“社恐”一词逐渐被人们所知。青年社交恐惧对于青年身心发展、成长成才均存在一定的危害,究其原因,是由多方面因素所造成的,个体心理因素、教育因素、社会因素都是青年产生社交恐惧的原因,正确引导青年分清虚拟与现实,提高自我效能感,增强其自信心、实现家庭与学校教育的有机统一和营造良好的社交环境可以缓解青年社交恐惧的现象。     

社交网络对大学生思想道德影响的利弊分析

社交网络在大学生群体中的迅速发展和普及,一方面为大学生提供了自我展示的平台、交友的便利,满足了他们的好奇心和求知欲望,另一方面也让大学生产生社交网络依赖性,并且社交网络中的灰色信息对大学生的理想信念、道德观念、价值取向、行为模式及个性心理等带来了冲击。高校德育工作者应利用社交网络了解学生的思想和心理动态,积极开展社交网络素养教育通过社交网络开辟大学生网络舆论引导新阵地。     

顾客在线创新和网络口碑传播的关系及策略

在网络条件下,顾客在线创新会引发网络口碑传播行为,而网络口碑又会反过来影响顾客在线创新绩效。本文首先分析顾客在线创新和网络口碑传播的概念界定和相互关系,然后从研究两者关系的文献得出经济型激励、精神型激励、参与乐趣、利他主义方面是其共通点,最后提出通过"经济关系"和"社交关系"的互动策略,包括制定经济激励措施、建立个性化、交流性的网上互动平台、利用"病毒式网络营销"、注重用户创造内容等来提高顾客在线创新绩效。     

基于六度分割理论的社交网络关系营销价值挖掘

文章分析社交网络的理论基础及特点,以关系为主线,分析社交网络的营销价值,建立了以用户、内容、平台和工具为支撑的关系营销价值体系,并从理论和案例两方面进行分析论证,挖掘社交网络营销价值,为社交网络在电子商务及网络营销中的应用提供依据。     

沙中掘金

如今微博、微信等社交媒体火热，无论你是不是“控”，毫无争议的是，在不经意间我们已经进入了网络社交时代。在享受社交时代的便利和乐趣的时候，这其中蕴含的奥秘和巨大商机，是否也为你惊叹？《社交红利》一书，作为腾讯一线资深员工徐志斌的经验总结，被誉为社交网络教材。为你解答如何从微信、微博、QQ空间等社交网络带走海量用户和收入。     

大学生使用社交网络的实证研究——以某综合性大学为例

笔者以调查问卷的形式实地调研了社交网络在大学生群体中的流行现状、大学生使用社交网络的动机、社交网络的使用给大学生带来的影响等,并根据调研的结论,联系心理学和管理学理论,提出有益的思考和建议。     

通过网民心理预测社会现象的新方法——计算社会科学

正互联网络的诞生和发展改变了人类生活,同时也改变了人类观察自身的方式。尤其是随着互联网Web2.0时代的到来,人们的网络生活形态从被动接收信息向主动生产、交流信息转变。社交网络、博客、微博、微信等新兴网络社交媒体平台以及各类移动互联网工具兴起之后,每时每刻都有海量用户在使用它们记录着自己当下的感受、思想和情绪。由众多个体不断生产并被实时存储下来的海量网络数据,恰好可成为研究者们观察人类个体和群体心理行为特征与规律的宝贵资源。计算社会心理学作为计算社会科学的重要分支,社会科学基础研究提     

Web2.0环境下在线负面评论及商家回复研究述评

随着网络电商平台的强势崛起,网络购物正逐渐渗透并改变消费者的日常生活,同时在线评论也以一种新型口碑形式得到了国内外学者的大量关注。本文从研究方法、内容等方面对在线负面评论及商家回复影响消费者购买决策进行全面梳理和分析,提出专门针对在线负面评论及商家回复的多维度研究框架,并总结现阶段相关研究的重点与不足。研究发现:在线负面评论对消费者购买决策具有显著负向影响;商家回复本身隐含着对潜在消费者在线行为的影响,并间接作用于消费者购买决策,应该被当作与在线负面评论具有相同影响效应的因素。最后,本文提出后续研究可从研究视角、内容及方法上予以关注。     

Between a rock and a hard place: corporate elites in the context of religion and secularism in Turkey

Drawing on discourse analyses of 36 in-depth interviews with elite business people from Turkey, the study identifies the networking patterns of new and established business elites in the context of economic liberalization and socioreligious transformation of the country. Through a comparative analysis of the so-called secular and religious elite networks, we demonstrate the role of institutional actors such as the government, and identity networks, based on religion and place of birth in shaping the form and content of social networks among business elites in Turkey. In order to achieve this, we operationalize Bourdieu's notion of theory of practice and Granovetter's theory of social networks, illustrating the utility of combining these approaches in explicating the form and content of social networks in their situated contexts, in which power and divergent interests are negotiated.     

The structural,social, and strategic factors associated with successful business networks

Business networks, formal arrangements between independent businesses established to enhance member success, are generally accepted as an important strategy to help small businesses survive and prosper, and to promote regional economic development. However, knowledge about what contributes to the success of business networks themselves is less extensive and based primarily on case studies or reports of network directors. The purpose of this paper is to partially address this shortcoming. We consider the structural and social features identified in previous studies as likely correlates of business network success. Using a social constructionist definition of network success, we distinguish successful from less successful networks from among a sample of 29 industry and community business networks in the USA. Findings from interviews with 1122 members and 29 network leaders suggest that trust is central to understanding network success. Structural features have complex positive and negative indirect effects on success through trust and resource exchanges. The findings highlight the fact that business networks, while offering great potential as a way to enhance economic vitality of regions and industries, cannot be viewed as a simple remedy.     

Networks in family business: a multi-rational approach

Current research on networks in family businesses has approached the topic from a mono-rational perspective where the family, business and social networks are each considered in relative isolation. This paper argues that multi-rational approaches, which accept that the three groups of networks interact and overlap, offer a useful alternative perspective. In proposing the case for multiple rationalities as a framework within which family business networking can be viewed – and in putting forward an initial model – the paper allows the interaction of the different networks within the family business to be more fully acknowledged. Evidence from the literature is presented as a basis for further exploration using empirical approaches and it is emphasised that further and empirical approaches are required.     

The influence of co-location in higher education institutions on small firms’ perspectives of knowledge transfer

Since 1980, the UK has experienced a dramatic growth in firms and employment in information–intensive business services, such as management consultancy and market research. Recent expansion of new and small firms operating in these sectors is the focus of a major ESRC–sponsored research project currently under way at Cambridge University Small Business Research Centre.

Small business service firms are able to compete successfully with large firms due to the imperfect nature of the market which characterizes business services demand and supply, together with specialization of expertise. The success of small business service firms depends on informal person–to–person networks, word–of–mouth recommendation and repeal business based on successful earlier assignments or personal contacts acquired, for example, while working in a large consultancy or market research company. This paper examines the types of networks utilized by small business service firms and argues that two distinct types exist: demand– and supply–related networks; the former involves links with clients, the latter links and co–operation between complementary small business service firms.     

The impact of opportunity connectedness on innovation in SMEs’ foreign-market relationships

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) use of business networks has grown significantly during the last decades, partly due to increasingly complex innovation processes. This article investigates how different kinds of networks, depending on location, contextualize innovation in specific foreign market business relationships. Building on internationalization, network, and innovation research we develop a model that views opportunity connectedness in specific host-markets, home-markets, and other international markets as prerequisites to innovative collaboration and innovation outcomes in foreign business relationships. The results of our linear structural relations (LISREL) analysis of Swedish SMEs provide empirical evidence that the effect of opportunity connectedness on innovation outcomes in foreign business relationships is mediated by the level of innovative collaboration. These results indicate that SMEs need a relatively higher level of innovative collaboration in their partnerships with foreign market customers to convert opportunities conceived in home- and international- market networks into innovative outcomes in comparison to opportunities conceived in host-market networks. This finding implies that as opportunities become increasingly contextually remote, the importance of collaborative business relationships increases. By showing these results, the study contributes to research in the international small-business domain that seeks to identify important prerequisites of SME innovation.     

International market selection strategies of manufacturing and services firms

This paper discusses the entrepreneurial landscape in Africa and locates a new generation of African entrepreneurs and their business networks within it. Unlike others in that landscape (i.e. micro- or small-scale informal sector vendors, and traditional or multinational large-scale formal sector firms), the ‘new generation’ entrepreneurs are business globalists who organized a system of business enterprise networks consisting of national, regional, and pan-African organizations. The study analyses interview data from 57 men and women network members from 10 countries (Botswana, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Senegal, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe). Some defining characteristics of these entrepreneurs are interactive social and business relationships, use of modern management methods and information technology, trust among fellow members, transparent business practices, advocacy on behalf of the private sector, and commitment to increasing intra-African commerce. Their mission is to improve the climate for private sector business in Africa and to promote regional economic integration. They pursue cross-national commercial ventures, maintain official observer status at established regional economic organizations, sign memoranda of understanding with multilateral agencies, establish venture capital funds, and help to change government policies. The paper identifies characteristics of the ‘new generation’ entrepreneurs, evaluates goals and achievements of their networks, and concludes that despite limitations, these entrepreneurs and their organizations have created intra- and cross-national networks that strengthen private-sector-led economic growth in Africa.     

For the greater good: business networks and business social responsibility to communities

Business networks (co-operative arrangements between independent business organizations) may be the signature organizational form of the contemporary global economy. Many policy-makers and local leaders advocate business network membership as an alternative development strategy for regional economic vitality. The extant literature on business networks has focused on their association with business success. However, little is known about their impact on other aspects of community life. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the role of network membership on one non-economic dimension of the business community interface. We examined the relationship between business network membership and business social responsibility to communities, defined as the provision of leadership and support for community betterment projects. Data were gathered from telephone interviews with a random sample of 460 non-metro small business operators in the USA. Independent t-tests and ordinary least squares regression analyses controlling for theoretically important variables were conducted. Findings show that networked businesses provide more leadership and support for their communities than non-networked businesses. However, networked businesses were no more likely than non-networked businesses to use local suppliers of goods and services.     

Women’s experiences of legitimacy,satisfaction and commitment as entrepreneurs: embedded in gender hierarchy and networks in private and business spheres

ABSTRACT

When a woman perceives legitimacy in her job as an entrepreneur from networks that are often influenced by the gender hierarchy that grants men higher status than women, she is encouraged in her job. What are the effects of gender hierarchy and networks on the legitimacy a female entrepreneur perceives and on her satisfaction and commitment to the job? A sample of 5997 female entrepreneurs in the developing world was surveyed for Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. They were found to experience legitimacy as entrepreneurs in their networks in the private sphere and the business sphere. Gender hierarchy constrains legitimacy more in the private sphere than it does in the business sphere. Legitimacy in the business sphere can fulfil the need to feel competent and enhance job satisfaction, while legitimacy in the private sphere can fulfil the need to feel related and enhance job commitment. The account contributes to a two-level contextualization of experiences: micro-level embedding in networks that are nested in macro-level embedding in gender hierarchy.     

Japanese Interfirm Networks: Exploring the Seminal Sources of their Success

An extensive body of literature explains features of the highly co-operative relationship between Japanese firms, particularly Toyota, and their supplier-firm network. The literature does not explore when these networks emerged or the factors conducive to their emergence. This paper uses transaction cost analysis and game theory to address these issues. It indicates that the networks emerged in the 1950s, and that the initiating factors were exogenous to the networks, centring on the unusual business environment that then prevailed in Japan. The analysis indicates why firms like Toyota gained an advantage over competitors in America. They were relieved of two major transaction costs: those linked to internalization and decomposed subcontracting. In addition, successful networks developed intragroup understandings that led to significant reductions in both interfirm co-ordination costs and direct production costs per unit of output. The paper questions the extent to which Toyota-type networks are prevalent in Japan. It questions the advantage that firms in America or elsewhere (even Japan) can gain from emulating Toyota practices such as unguarded subcontracting. It offers a different interpretation to standard business practices in firms like Toyota, such as relational contracting. It provides a basis for a reinterpretation of Japanese business history and the role of ‘Japan Inc.’.     

The adoption of high performance work practices in small businesses: the influence of markets,business characteristics and HR expertise

This paper explores the extent to which the adoption of high performance work practices (HPWPs) in UK small businesses with less than 50 employees is associated with the nature of the market in which the business operates, its business characteristics and its access to HR expertise. Drawing on data from the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey, the analysis suggests that, where market-related factors are concerned, the uptake of HPWPs is higher in small businesses that require a highly skilled workforce but is unrelated to either the degree of market competition or the presence of large dominant customers. In terms of access to HR expertise, the analysis finds greater use of HPWPs in small businesses that have contact with external sources of HR advice via membership of business advisory networks or Investors in People (IiP) recognition. However, uptake is unrelated to the presence of personnel/HR specialists. Overall, the findings suggest that rather than depicting employment practices in small businesses as the inevitable consequence of market circumstances, encouraging greater small business involvement with business advisory networks and IiP may have the potential to increase the adoption of HPWPs in the sector.