基于51单片机的超声波双张检测器设计

双张检测器是印刷机最基本的检测装置。本文在总结现有双张控制方法的特点和不足的基础上提出了一种基于MCS-51单片机的超声波双张检测方法,并对该方法的检测原理、硬件电路、检测程序做了详细的论述。该方法具有结构简单、成本低廉、便于扩展的特点。     

智能化涡街流量计测量系统

介绍一种通过键盘输入系数修正涡街流量计非线性的方法.用MCS-51单片机进行数据处理和检测,并讨论在以8031单片机为微处理器的智能化仪表中采用一片8155实现智能仪表键盘/显示器及打印机接口的最小化硬件设计技术.     

利用MCS-51单片机数控系统改造花键轴铣床

介绍了利用MCS 51系列单片机8031研制经济型数控系统,进行花键轴铣床数控改造的方法。详细讨论了数控系统的硬件组成和软件功能设置,以及各芯片之间的连接关系。原铣床经数控化改造后,扩大了其加工范围,能满足不同锥度花键轴零件的加工。MCS 51系列单片机数控系统具有经济、实用、灵活的特点,是当前工矿企业机床数控改造的有效途径。     

智能型面积测量仪

提出1种以MCS-51单片机为核心,集微电子、光电检测及电感检测技术为一体的面积测量方法,介绍了它的设计、组成和故障诊断方法,指出其采用容错技术、自校正技术和抗干扰技术后具有测量精度高、性能价格比高等特点,且少量传感器出现故障时不影响测量精度,适用于测量皮革及其他不规则片状物体的面积。     

JWK系列机床数控系统常见故障维修

JWK系列机床数控系统(南京微分电机厂生产)由数控单元及步进伺服驱动单元组成。数控单元采用MCS-51系列单片微机或TP-801单板微机,编程格式符合ISO国际标准数控代码。伺服驱动单元采用高低压电源供电、定电流控制的驱动电路,其工作原理是通过采样电阻检测步进电机绕组的电流,电流上升时,高压管导通,采用高压驱动,电流上升到预定值时,高压管关断,采用低压驱动,由二极管续流维持绕组的电     

谈经济型数控车床的故障及排除

我厂用MCS-51单片机微机控制装置改装5台C6140车床,在使用中经常发生故障,使车床不能正常运转,影响了生产。经验表明.无论是微机装置方面的故障还是机械方面的故障,其反映出来的表面现象,就是拖板不能正常运行,最终退回不到原点。一般情况下,若拖板偏离幅度较小,则多数情况下是机械部分故障引起的,此时检修的重点应放在机械部分;若拖板偏离幅度较大,甚至拖板根本不能移动,则多数情况下是     

矿井主扇风机同步电机励磁装置改造

兖州矿业（集团）公司济宁二号煤矿的主扇风机同步电机原配用KGLF31型励磁装置。由于该装置采用的51系列单片机存在设计和质量问题，使其可靠性和稳定性降低，以至于引发励磁故障造成主扇风机频繁停机。尤其是夏季高温时，其抗干扰能力差，造成单片机多发性“死机”现象，给矿井通风带来重大隐患。     

面像识别技术控制系统设计

面像识别技术应用系统中往往需要控制系统,介绍了一种PC机和51单片机串行通信方式来进行控制的方法。PC端采用VC++编程,用MSComm控件进行串口通信,通过RS-232进行PC机和51单片机的连接;单片机端采用汇编语言进行编程,通过对接收信号的判断来控制外部动作。本控制子系统设计方法已经在面像识别门禁系统中得到实现。     

K9F1G08U0A在MSP430单片机系统中的应用

根据NAND FLASH芯片K9F1G08U0A的非易失性、容量大、速度快、功耗低等特点,将其作为存储介质应用于MSP430单片机系统扩展中,通过相应的软硬件设计,实现采集数据的实时存储,便于后续对数据进行离线分析及研究处理,并通过C8051F320单片机USB接口与PC机通信。     

K9F1G08UOA在MSP430单片机系统中的应用

根据NAND FLASH芯片K9F1G08U0A的非易失性、容量大、速度快、功耗低等特点,将其作为存储介质应用于MSP430单片机系统扩展中,通过相应的软硬件设计,实现采集数据的实时存储,便于后续对数据进行离线分析及研究处理,并通过C8051F320单片机USB接口与PC机通信.     

国际石油储备建设经验与启示

为防范国际市场石油供应中断危机，美，日，德等国自20世纪70年代起开始建立石油储备，积累了丰富经验，并于1991年海湾战争期间发挥了作用，中国近年来石油进口剧增，也面临着石油供应中断的危险，应借鉴国际石油储备建设的经验与启示，建立中国自己的石油储备。     

Open for innovation: the role of openness in explaining innovation performance among U.K. manufacturing firms

A central part of the innovation process concerns the way firms go about organizing search for new ideas that have commercial potential. New models of innovation have suggested that many innovative firms have changed the way they search for new ideas, adopting open search strategies that involve the use of a wide range of external actors and sources to help them achieve and sustain innovation. Using a large‐scale sample of industrial firms, this paper links search strategy to innovative performance, finding that searching widely and deeply is curvilinearly (taking an inverted U‐shape) related to performance. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Exploring subcultural differences in hofstede's value survey: The case of the Chinese

Hofstede's Value Survey Module (VSM) identifies fundamental differences in the way people in various countries perceive and interpret their worlds. After adjusting value scores on the basis of demographic features of samples in the present study, values between subcultural groupings in four Chinese-populated regions (Taiwan, Beijing, Hong Kong, and Wuhan) were compared, and strong subcultural differences revealed. A methodology is proposed to facilitate VSM comparisons using limited, secondary data sources. Propositions concerning subcultural differences are suggested on the basis of the findings.     

Exploring the contribution of innovation intermediaries to the new product development (NPD) process: a typology and an empirical study

In the ‘knowledge economy’ upheld by the European Lisbon strategy, knowledge‐intensive services are considered a key driver for innovation and competitiveness. A category of knowledge‐intensive services that has become of utmost importance in the last few decades is new product development (NPD) services, which interconnect distant knowledge domains with the client firms. In addition to NPD service providers, web‐based innovation intermediaries have started to help innovative firms access dispersed bodies of knowledge. Despite the heterogeneity of their characteristics, however, a clear typology of the strategies used by traditional NPD service providers and web‐based intermediaries to interact with their knowledge sources and with their clients is missing. This typology would be very useful for those firms that are willing to collaborate with innovation intermediaries because it could highlight the typologies of NPD problems different intermediaries are apt to address and the managerial challenges that working with them entails. Developing such a classification framework is the main goal of this paper. The typology proposed in this paper suggests that innovation intermediaries should be distinguished based on the following: (1) the way they access their distributed knowledge sources and (2) the way they deliver value to their clients. By combining these two dimensions, four categories of innovation intermediaries are identified, which are named brokers, mediators, collectors and connectors. A multiple case study analysis involving four innovation intermediaries and 12 of their clients is presented in the paper. The analysis provides exploratory insights into (1) the typologies of NPD problems that each class of intermediaries addresses and (2) the managerial challenges that working with each of them entails. These preliminary findings call for further theoretical and empirical research into the complex interaction among innovation intermediaries, their dispersed sources of knowledge and their clients.     

Leveraging External Sources of Innovation: A Review of Research on Open Innovation

This paper reviews research on open innovation that considers how and why firms commercialize external sources of innovations. It examines both the “outside‐in” and “coupled” modes of open innovation. From an analysis of prior research on how firms leverage external sources of innovation, it suggests a four‐phase model in which a linear process—(1) obtaining, (2) integrating, and (3) commercializing external innovations—is combined with (4) interaction between the firm and its collaborators. This model is used to classify papers taken from the top 25 innovation journals, complemented by highly cited work beyond those journals. A review of 291 open innovation‐related publications from these sources shows that the majority of these articles indeed address elements of this inbound open innovation process model. Specifically, it finds that researchers have front‐loaded their examination of the leveraging process, with an emphasis on obtaining innovations from external sources. However, there is a relative dearth of research related to integrating and commercializing these innovations. Research on obtaining innovations includes searching, enabling, filtering, and acquiring—each category with its own specific set of mechanisms and conditions. Integrating innovations has been mostly studied from an absorptive capacity perspective, with less attention given to the impact of competencies and culture (including “not invented here”). Commercializing innovations puts the most emphasis on how external innovations create value rather than how firms capture value from those innovations. Finally, the interaction phase considers both feedback for the linear process and reciprocal innovation processes such as cocreation, network collaboration, and community innovation. This review and synthesis suggests several gaps in prior research. One is a tendency to ignore the importance of business models, despite their central role in distinguishing open innovation from earlier research on interorganizational collaboration in innovation. Another gap is a tendency in open innovation to use “innovation” in a way inconsistent with earlier definitions in innovation management. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research that include examining the end‐to‐end innovation commercialization process, and studying the moderators and limits of leveraging external sources of innovation.     

浅谈天然植物染料染色的尝试

由于用现代染料染色对环境造成了破坏,所以采用自然的方法进行加工染色能够更好地保护环境。采用石榴进行植物染料染色能够对废物进行利用,更加合理有效地利用资源。石榴是自然产物,其植物染料获取的方法比较简单,来源也比较稳定。而现代化学染料的生产、应用都可能对环境造成破坏。     

关于生态环境状况评价指标计算的问题与探讨

通过流域和市域的生态环境状况评价,对《生态环境状况评价技术规范(试行)》(HJ/T192-2006)在实际应用中存在的问题进行探讨,量化分析了不同数据源和归一化系数对评价结果的影响,探讨了影响基础数据准确性的因素,提出了提高基础数据准确性及合理选取归一化系数的方法。     

Strategy implementation: A comparison of face-to-face negotiations in the peoples republic of China and the United States

Crucial to every business alliance are the face-to-face negotiations that occur during the formulation and maintenance of the commercial relationship. Our study of American and Chinese businesspeople in simulated intracultural negotiations suggests both similarities and differences in style. For example, negotiators in both cultures were more successful when taking a problem-solving approach. Alternatively, the Chinese negotiators tended to ask many more questions and to interrupt one another more frequently than their American counterparts. Such subtle differences in style may cause problems in Sino-American negotiations, which may, in turn, sour otherwise fruitful commercial alliances.     

Learning from Postproject Reviews: A Cross‐Case Analysis*

Every new product development (NPD) project should not only deliver a successful new product but also should generate learning for the organization. Postproject reviews (PPRs) are recognized by both practitioners and academics as an appropriate mechanism to stimulate and capture learning in NPD teams. However, relatively few companies use PPRs, and those that do use them often fail to do so effectively. Although they are widely perceived to be a useful tool, empirical research on how PPRs are typically organized and the learning that results is limited. The present article addresses this gap in the extant knowledge and describes five in‐depth case studies, which were conducted at leading companies in Germany. A detailed investigation was made of how PPRs are conducted and of the type of learning that can result. Three main sources of data were used for each case: company documentation, in‐depth interviews with managers responsible for NPD, and observation of an actual PPR. The different data sources enabled extensive triangulation of data to be conducted and a high degree of reliability and validity to be achieved. The analysis enabled a number of key characteristics of the way PPRs are managed to be identified. Various characteristics of PPRs influence their utility, such as the time at which they take place and the way discussions are moderated. In addition, the data show that participants in the discussions at PPRs often use metaphors and stories, which indicates that PPRs have the potential to generate tacit knowledge. Interestingly, the data also show that there are various different ways in which metaphors and stories appear to stimulate discussions on NPD projects. Based on the cross‐case analysis, a wide range of implications are identified. Researchers need to investigate PPRs further to identify how they can generate tacit and explicit knowledge and support project‐to‐project learning. The generation of tacit knowledge in NPD is a topic that particularly needs further investigation. The research also led to a range of recommendations for practitioners. Companies need to strongly communicate the purpose and value of PPRs, to run them effectively to stimulate the maximum possible learning, and to disseminate the findings widely. PPRs have the potential to create and transfer knowledge amongst NPD professionals, but, as they are seldom currently used, many companies are missing an important opportunity.