共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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聚合氯化铝(PAC)对腐殖酸有机溶胶混凝机理的探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用一定铝总量[Al]T的不同羟铝比(r=[OH]/[Al])的PAC溶液对有机溶胶进行混凝实验.结果表明,聚合氯化铝表面张力(σ)与有机溶胶的COD去除率呈正相关.根据溶液表面张力与溶质水合能力的关系和不同羟铝比的聚合氯化铝中各种羟铝配离子的相对含量,探讨聚合氯化铝对有机溶胶的混凝机理. 相似文献
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报道了一种简便的CC14体外引发自由基反应的模型,以小鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)的OD532mm值(MDA-OD532mm)作为测定自由基反应的间接指标,研究了Hg^2+、Mn^2+、Ni^2+、Cr^3+、SeO3^2-等离子和Ss2O3水溶液在CC14引发自由基反应体系中的作用。结果表明:Mn^2+能显著抑制自由基的生成,Cr^3+有一定的抑制作用,而HgT^2+对自由基产生有明显促进 相似文献
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酸性溶液中铝-氟反应动力学 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了酸性溶液中铝氟反应的动力学,结果表明,铝氟之间的反应速率随温度和pH的升高而增加.低pH下以Al3++F-=AlF2+反应为主,较高pH下由于AlOH2+参与反应及OH-的催化作用,反应速率加快.在铝的浓度比氟过量10倍的情况下,铝氟之间的反应可以用一级反应动力学方程来拟合,即为假一级反应.当pH<38时,柠檬酸和草酸的存在使反应速度加快,而当pH>38时,有机酸使铝氟反应速度变慢.有机酸在不同的pH下存在不同的作用机制. 相似文献
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聚合氯化铝与有机高分子复合絮凝剂的形态分布研究——AlFerron和~(27)AlNMR相结合 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
主要研究了Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法和^27Al-NMR法应用于聚合铝与有机高分子复合絮凝剂形态分布的测定,结果表明,两种方法分别测定的Alb和Al13的结果具有一定的相关性;聚合铝与有机高分子复合后其形态分布发生了一定的变化,Alb(或Al13)的含量有所降低,但仍是优势形态,Ala(或Al单)的含量基本保持不变。 相似文献
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近三十年来,由于污染,华北城市地区潜水中主要离子如Ca ̄(2+)、Mg ̄(2+)等含量逐年升高,影响工农业生产,本文采用反应途径模拟的方法对上述情况进行了研究,作者共设计了7种反应途径,分别模拟了含碳酸盐或硅酸盐、铝硅酸盐较丰富地区地下水中盐效应和CO_2分压升高对其主要离子含量的影响.模拟过程中考虑了22种化学反应,33种存在形式(包括气体、固体)。结果表明,盐效应和CO_2分压升高对地下水中Ca ̄(2+)、Mg ̄(2+)浓度的升高有明显影响,上述两种因素对Ca、Mg硅酸盐、铝硅酸盐溶解的影响更为明显。 相似文献
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QuantitativemodelforspeciesdistributionofhydroxypolyaluminumchlorideFengLi,LuanZhaokun,TangHongxiaoResearchCenterforEcoEnvir... 相似文献
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聚合氯化铝中纳米Al13电荷特性及其混凝效果 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶柱层析法分离纯化聚合氯化铝(PAC)中的Al13形态,并采用Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法和ZATESIZER 3000HSA测定仪对分离所得纳米Al13形态以及AlCl3和PAC进行了分析表征和电荷特性的对比性研究;采用烧杯实验法对3个样品处理实际和模拟水样的混凝效果进行了对比性研究.Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法的结果表明,采用层析法分离可得到含量99%左右的纳米Al13形态;电荷特性和混凝效果研究结果表明纳米Al13形态较其它两者具有更好的除浊、除腐殖酸和脱色效果并且具有更强的电中和能力,因此Al13形态是一种具有较高正电荷和较高的水解稳定性,在给水和废水处理中的一种较为有效的Al形态. 相似文献
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聚合氯化铝中纳米Al13形态的分离纯化及形态表征 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:11
采用超滤法和层析法分离纯化聚合氯化铝(PAC)中的Al13形态,并采用Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法、27Al-NMR、TEM和粒度测定仪对分离纯化所得的Al13形态进行了分析和表征.研究结果表明,超滤法分离纯化的效果受超滤膜的孔径及PAC浓度的影响,选择合适孔径的膜和PAC溶液浓度即可以获得高纯度的Al13,在层析法中则随着洗脱时间延长按分子的大小依次洗脱下来,因此截取中间组分即可得到Al13;Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法和27Al-NMR的分析结果表明,采用上述2种方法分离提纯得到的样品中Al13的含量分别可达到90%以上和100%.TEM和粒度测定结果表明,在B=2.5的PAC溶液中,Al13极少以Al12AlO4(OH)24(H2O)7+12的单体形态存在,而是呈两维结构的线性和枝状的聚集体,Al12AlO4(OH)24(H2O)7+12的聚集体尺寸通常在几十至几百nm. 相似文献
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Gao Baoyu Chu Yongbao Yue Qinyan Kong Chunyan Wang Xiaona 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(3):368-373
In order to investigate the characteristics of pure Nano-Al13, Nano-Al13 was separated and purified from a series of poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) solutions which had the same Al13 percentage but different total Al concentrations, by using column chromatography, ethanol-acetone resolving and SO2−
4/Ba2+ displacement. The Al13 species yield was characterized by Al-ferron timed complexation spectrophotometry and 27Al-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). The coagulation efficiency of Nano-Al13, PAC and AlCl3 in synthetic water was also investigated by Jar tests. The dynamic process and aggregation state of kaolin suspensions coagulating
with Nano-Al13, PAC and AlCl3 were similarly investigated using a photometric dispersion analyzer 2000 (PDA2000). The experimental results indicated that
the ethanol-acetone resolving method was simple and could separate the PAC solution at different concentrations, while column
chromatography could separate PAC solutions at low concentrations. The SO4
2−/Ba2+ displacement method could separate PAC solutions at high concentrations. However, extra inorganic cation and anion could
be added in the solution during separation. The coagulation efficiency and dynamic experimental results showed that Nano-Al13 with high positive-charged species was effective in removing turbidity and color. The dynamic process results showed that
Nano-Al13 also had the best recovery capability after shearing compared with PAC and AlCl3 because the Nano-Al13 conformation is more effective in charge neutralization.
Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2005, 25(6): 767–772 [译自: 环境科学学报] 相似文献
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Al13形态的凝胶层析分离及分离级分特性对比 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶柱层析法分离纯化聚合氯化铝(PAC)中的Al13形态,并采用Al- Ferron逐时络合比色法、透射电镜(TEM)和ZATESIZER测定仪对分离纯化过程中所得3个级分进行了分析表征和电荷特性的研究;采用烧杯实验法对3个级分处理实际和模拟水样的混凝效果进行了对比性研究.Al- Ferron逐时络合比色法和TEM结果表明,在层析法分离中级分随着洗脱时间延长按分子的大小依次洗脱下来,因此截取中间组分即可得到含量95 %左右的纳米Al13形态;电荷特性和混凝效果研究结果表明,第3个级分其他两者具有更好的除浊、除腐殖酸和脱色效果,并且具有更强的电中和能力,因此Al13形态是一种具有较高正电荷和较高的水解稳定性以及宽的pH适用范围,在给水和废水处理中是一种较为有效的Al形态. 相似文献
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Nano-Al13 was separated and purified by four methods to investigate its characteristic, and was analyzed by Al-Ferron timed complexation spectrophotometer,27 Al-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Coagulation efficiency of nano-Al13, polyaluminum chloride (PAC), and AlCl3 in synthetic water were also investigated by jar test. The dynamic process and aggregation state of kaolin suspensions coagulating with nano-Al13, PAC, and AlCl3 were also investigated. The experimental results indicated that the efficiency of gel column chromatography method was the highest for separating PAC solution with low Al concentration. Ethanol and acetone method was simple and could separated PAC solution with different Al concentrations, while silicon alkylation white block column chromatography method could separate PAC solution only with low Al concentration. The SO42−/Ba2+ displacement method could separate PAC solution with high Al concentration, but extra inorganic cation and anion could be introduced into the solution during the separation. The coagulation efficiency and dynamic experimental results showed that nano- Al13 with a high positive-charged species was the main species of electric neutralization in coagulation process, and it could reduce the turbidity and increase the effective particles collision rate efficiently in coagulation process. Its coagulation speed and the particle size of coagulant formed were of greatest value in this study. 相似文献
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Al13 or Alb is usually regarded as the most efficient species of polyaluminum chloride(PAC), the performance flocculant for water treatment. This paper was intended to report a new method to synthesize PAC with high content Alb, by using the membrane reactor. NaOH solutions were managed to permeate slowly through the micropores of ultrafiltration membrane into AlCl3 solutions under the suitable transmembrane pressure(TMP). Meanwhile NaOH drops size was limited to nano-scale, resulting in dramatical reduction of the characteristic diffusion time and great increment of contact interface between the strong base and AI ions in solution to favor the formation of Al(OH)4^-, the precursor of AI,3, so few precipitates and much Alb are produced. When the initial concentration of AlCl3/NaOH is 0.40/2.0 (mol/L), MWCO = 10000, TMP = 0.0085 MPa, T= 305 K and B(molar ratio of OH^-/Al^3 ) = 2.25, the quantity of Alb attains about 80%. The results of ^27Al-NMR determination showed that the Al13 content is equal to Alb content. And our PAC product has shown better flocculation effects than the commercial product. 相似文献
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高浓度聚合氯化铝的合成及其形态分布与转化规律 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以CaO为碱化剂采用一次加碱法合成了高浓度聚合氯化铝(PAC),研究了其反应特性及产品的铝形态分布与转化规律.结果表明,CaO特殊的水化反应可使PAC达到较高浓度和较高B值,PAC最高浓度可达2.1mol/L,B值为2.1.合成过程中无论高铝浓度体系还是低铝浓度体系,均存在一最佳B值,此B值下产品的Alb含量最高.最佳B值和最高Alb含量均随总铝浓度的升高而降低.B值小于最佳B值时,总反应主要表现为生成Alb;B值大于最佳B值时,总反应表现为生成Alc. 相似文献