影响翅果油树试管苗生根因子的研究

以翅果油树试管苗为试材,研究了影响其生根的一些因子。结果表明:单独使用IBA和NAA时,IBA含量为1.5mg·l-1时的生根率为52%,NAA含量为0.5mg·l-1时的生根率为48%,当IBA和NAA配合使用时,有一定的增效作用,生根率可达56%,最佳浓度配比为IBA1.0+NAA0.05。以蔗糖浓度在25～30g·l-1时,生根效果最理想。     

不同生长素对白三叶枝条扦插生根的影响

白三叶(Trifolium repens L.)是我国南方人工混播草地的重要豆科牧草之一,具有重要的利用价值。为探寻白三叶枝条扦插生根的最适生长素种类及浓度,提高白三叶种茎的繁殖速度,本试验以白三叶"海发"为供试材料,研究了3种不同生长素(IAA、IBA、NAA)的5种浓度(50、100、200、300、500mg·L~(-1))对白三叶枝条扦插生根的影响。结果表明,不同浓度及不同种类的生长素对白三叶枝条扦插的促进生根效果不同,但3种生长素均可提高白三叶插条的生根率、生根数及根长,对白三叶插条生根具显著(P0.05)影响,当IBA浓度为200mg·L~(-1)时,其扦插效果最佳。隶属函数分析结果表明,3种生长素对白三叶扦插生根的效果以IBA效果最佳,NAA和IAA效果次之。     

迷你岩桐组织培养及植株再生体系建立

以迷你岩桐(Sinningia hybrida‘Isa’s Murmur’)带柄叶片为外植体,探讨了外植体的灭菌方法、不同基本培养基以及外源激素(6-BA、NAA、IBA)对愈伤组织和不定芽的诱导及增殖、生根等的影响,成功建立了迷你岩桐组织培养植株再生体系。结果表明:迷你岩桐带柄叶片在75%乙醇灭菌10 s,0.1%升汞灭菌300 s时,污染率较低(15.56%)而启动率较高(85.56%)。在MS培养基中添加2.0 mg·L^-16-BA和0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA时,愈伤组织诱导率最高(91.11%)。在1/2 MS培养基中添加2.0 mg·L^-16-BA和0.05 mg·L^-1 NAA时,不定芽诱导率为88.89%。在MS培养基中同时添加2.0 mg·L^-16-BA和0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA时,不定芽增殖效果最好,增殖倍数为2.38。1/2 MS+0.10 mg·L^-1 IBA培养基有利于生根,生根率为87.78%。腐殖土∶泥炭土∶河沙以体积比为1∶2∶2的混合基质为移栽基质时,瓶苗移栽成活率可达96.67%。本研究结果可为迷你岩桐的遗传转化体系的构建及规模化生产提供一定的理论基础和技术支撑。     

芡欧鼠尾草的组织培养和快速繁殖

以芡欧鼠尾草(Salvia hispanica)成熟种子为外植体,1/2MS为基本培养基,研究不同浓度的外源激素对愈伤组织的诱导、增殖和生根的影响,从而初步建立了芡欧鼠尾草组织培养的快速繁殖体系。结果表明,诱导种子愈伤组织的最适宜培养基为1/2MS+10.0mg·L~(-1) 6-BA+1.0mg·L~(-1) NAA+0.4mg·L~(-1) ZT,诱导率为66.5%;不定芽增殖的最适培养基为1/2MS+3.0mg·L~(-1) 6-BA+0.5mg·L~(-1) NAA,增殖倍数为7.69;生根的最适培养基为1/2MS+0.5mg·L~(-1) NAA,生根率达100%,平均生根数为5.68;移栽后植株生长良好,成活率较高,达97%。     

3种生长素对蓝叶忍冬枝条扦插生根的影响

以蓝叶忍冬(Lonicera korolkowi‘Zabclii’)为材料,研究了2种不同浓度(50、100 mg·L-1)的生长素吲哚乙酸(IAA)、吲哚丁酸(IBA)和萘乙酸(NAA)在不同处理时间(30、60 min),对蓝叶忍冬生根部位、根数和根长的影响。结果表明,3种生长素对蓝叶忍冬枝条扦插生根都产生了一定的影响,IAA处理增加蓝叶忍冬的生根率和根数,但抑制根的伸长。NAA处理对蓝叶忍冬生根效果不明显,仅对根长有一定的促进作用。与对照相比,50 mg·L-1IBA处理60min显著增加了蓝叶忍冬的生根率和根数(P0.05)。另外,3种生长素对蓝叶忍冬枝条生根部位也有影响,3种生长素处理都可以增加皮层生根数,对切口愈伤组织的生根有一定的抑制作用。其中IBA处理对生根部位影响的效果最明显,100 mg·L-1处理30 min可以显著提高皮层生根数并抑制愈伤组织生根(P0.05)。综合比较3种生长素促进生根的效果,IBA最好,IAA和NAA次之。     

植物生长调节剂对菊苣再生的影响

以菊苣(Cichoium intybus L.)幼叶为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,采用正交试验设计,研究了4种植物生长调节剂(6-BA、IBA、NAA、IAA)对菊苣分化的影响,2种植物生长调节剂(NAA、IBA)对生根的影响。结果表明,植物生长调节剂种类和浓度对菊苣再生有显著影响(P0.05),6-BA对分化影响极显著(P0.01),IBA对分化影响显著(P0.05),在MS培养基中添加2mg/L 6-BA和0.2mg/L IBA组合中,菊苣再生频率最高,达94.39%。NAA对生根有显著影响(P0.05),在1/2MS培养基中添加0.1mg/L NAA组合中,生根率高达97.07%。     

地被菊‘紫妍’和‘纽9722’的再生体系建立

本研究以地被菊(Chrysanthemum morifolium)两个品种‘紫妍’和‘纽9722’带腋芽的无菌茎段为外植体,在基本培养基中添加不同浓度的6-BA和NAA诱导叶片分化、茎段增殖以及继代生根,进行两个品种的再生体系建立。结果表明,利用2%NaClO对‘紫妍’和‘纽9722’适宜消毒时间分别为6、8min;诱导‘紫妍’叶片不定芽再生的最适培养基是MS+6-BA 2.0mg·L-1+NAA 1.0mg·L-1,愈伤组织诱导率为100%,分化率为92.22%,出芽数为7.60;‘纽9722’叶片不定芽再生的最适培养基是MS+6-BA 2.0mg·L-1+NAA 0.5mg·L-1,愈伤组织诱导率为100%,但分化率仅为45.59%;‘纽9722’茎段增殖的最适培养基是MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.5mg·L-1,增殖系数高达10.05;‘紫妍’生根的最适培养基是1/2 MS+NAA 0.2 mg·L-1,生根率为100%,生根系数为15.50;‘纽9722’生根的最适培养基为1/2 MS+NAA 0.3mg·L-1,生根率为100%,生根系数为14.87,移栽成活率均为100%。     

维多利亚菠萝组培快繁技术研究

以“维多利亚”菠萝品种的冠芽为外植体,采用6－BA、NAA、IBA等激素配比对芽诱导、愈伤诱导、继代增殖和生根培养。结果表明, 愈伤组织诱导率最高的为MS BA2.0 mg/L NAA0.2 mg/L。愈伤诱导不定芽最理想配比为MS 6-BA3 mg/L NAA0.1 mg/L。芽的继代增殖系数较高和芽较粗壮的培养基配比为MS 6-BA2.0 mg/L NAA0.1 mg/ L,适宜生根培养基为MS＋IBA0.5 mg/L＋NAA 1 mg/L。生根率达100%。     

猕猴桃‘翠香’再生体系的建立

取‘翠香’猕猴桃的幼嫩枝条为材料,利用不同激素及浓度诱导茎段腋芽、增殖、生根,并进行驯化移栽。结果表明：‘翠香’猕猴桃茎段腋芽诱导最佳培养基为MS+2.0 mg.L-16-BA+0.3 mg.L-1NAA,诱导率达88.89%;增殖培养最佳培养基为MS+5 mg.L-1 6-BA+0.4 mg.L-1 NAA,增殖系数为6.20,三代内增殖效果稳定;生根培养的最佳培养基为1/2MS+0.9 mg.L-1IBA,生根率为94.44%,根数为11.40,根长为2.94;驯化后移栽成活率达88.33%。     

铁线莲‘Blekitny Aniol’组织培养及再生体系建立

对铁线莲(Clematis florida‘Blekitny Aniol’)的带芽茎段进行诱导产生无菌苗,并对其叶片和茎段进行愈伤组织诱导成苗的分化研究,成功建立了铁线莲组织培养再生体系。结果表明,带芽茎段诱导腋芽最佳培养基为MS+1mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0.05 mg·L~(-1)NAA,腋芽萌发率为100.0%;茎段诱导愈伤最适宜培养基为MS+2 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0.01mg·L~(-1)NAA,诱导率为78.3%;叶片诱导愈伤组织最适宜的培养基为MS+1 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L~(-1)NAA,诱导率为81.7%;愈伤组织分化的最佳培养基为1/2MS+1 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0.05 mg·L~(-1)NAA,分化率可达25.0%;最适宜不定芽的增殖培养基为1/2MS+3 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L~(-1)NAA,增殖倍数为4.94;筛选出最优的生根培养基组合为1/2MS+0.05 mg·L~(-1)NAA,生根率为70.2%。本研究将为铁线莲的推广应用提供参考,也为其他铁线莲属植物引种和开发利用奠定了基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.