枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂对鲤鱼生长性能、生化指标、抗氧化指标及抗感染能力的影响

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂对鲤鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化指标及对嗜水气单胞菌抗感染能力的影响,并确定其适宜的添加水平。将枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂投喂初始体重为（35±0.5）g的鲤鱼,试验设6个组,添加水平分别为0（对照组）、0.1‰、0.5‰、1‰、2‰、3‰,每组30尾,设3个重复,试验周期56 d。养殖试验结束后,腹腔注射嗜水气单胞菌进行感染试验,计算免疫保护率（RPS）。结果显示,饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药制剂,鲤鱼增重率（WGR）、特定生长率（SGR）、肥满度（CF）、溶菌酶（LSZ）、补体3（C3）、总蛋白（TP）、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）均不同程度提高,饲料系数（FCR）、丙二醛（MDA）含量不同程度降低,且当饲料中发酵中药添加量为2‰、3‰时,与对照组相比各指标（C3、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和肌酐（Cr）除外）均差异显著（P<0.05）。用嗜水气单胞菌对鲤鱼感染试验结果表明,发酵中药可显著提高鲤鱼的抗感染能力,添加发酵中药2‰、3‰组免疫保护率可达77.23%和74.63%。可见,饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌发酵中药2‰、3‰能显著提高鲤鱼的生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏抗氧化能力及抗嗜水气单胞菌感染能力。基于对添加成本的考虑,建议发酵中药的最佳添加剂量为2‰。     

三味中药水煎液单用及联用对鲫鱼免疫保护作用的研究

试验旨在探讨黄芪、地榆、五倍子三味中药水煎液单用及联用对鲫鱼的免疫保护作用.选取200尾鲫鱼,随机为5组,每组40尾.对照组鲫鱼饲喂基础饵料,试验组鲫鱼饲喂中药包被的饵料,黄芪、地榆、五倍子、联用浓度分别为2.500、2.500、1.250、0.625 g/mL,中药水煎液与饵料按1∶1比例混合,对鲫鱼进行定时定量饲喂...     

Carp erythrodermatitis (CE) due to an Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Casuistic and experimental results

In November 1987 high losses of carp (Cyprinus carpio) with the main symptom of skin ulcera were observed in a farm in northern Greece. Sixty-six isolates of bacteria, characterized mainly as Aeromonas hydrophila or Pseudomonas spp. could be isolated from lesions of diseased fish. Transmission experiments with these isolates using mirror carp showed that Aeromonas hydrophila strains induced identical clinical and pathological pictures after intra- or subcutaneous injection. Extracts of these Aeromonas hydrophila isolates, as well as a supernatant of culture bouillon were toxic for carp and mice, indicating the presence of endo- and exotoxins. The results prove that carp erythrodermatitis (CE) may be caused by different bacteria, mainly including A. hydrophila.     

不同硒水平对幼鲤生产性能和免疫功能的影响

选择体重约10.4 g的健康幼鲤960尾,随机分为8组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾,分别饲喂添加硒(亚硒酸钠,分析纯)0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7 mg/kg的8种不同饵料,试验期90 d。结果表明:随着饵料中硒添加水平的增加,幼鲤的增重和成活率提高,饵料系数降低,添加硒0.4mg/kg时,幼鲤生产性能最佳(P<0.05);添加0.3～0.5 mg/kg硒,可显著提高幼鲤头肾和脾脏重及其体指数,增加血液红细胞数量,降低白细胞数量,提高血清IgM水平和攻毒后成活率、血清溶菌酶活力及血清凝集抗体效价(P<0.05),从而增强幼鲤免疫功能和对疾病的抵抗力。幼鲤体增重、饵料系数、头肾重量、脾脏重量、血清溶菌酶活力和IgM抗体水平与饵料硒添加量呈显著的二次曲线相关。根据上述指标确定的最适硒水平为0.396～0.529 mg/kg。     

嗜水气单胞菌粘附特性的研究

不同来源的６株嗜水气单胞菌（Ａｅｒｏｍｏｎａｓｈｙｄｒｏｐｈｉｌａ）对１０种不同红细胞的血凝试验表明，Ｊ－１株能凝集所有的１０种红细胞，而与其他菌株的血凝谱有所不同。血凝图式有２种：人、鸡、麻雀的红细胞凝集快，呈大小不等的絮状；而鲫鱼、绵羊、猪、小鼠、兔、鸭、犬的红细胞凝集慢，且呈均匀颗粒状。这两种血凝均能被Ｄ－甘露糖抑制，但不能被Ｊ－１株Ｒ菌毛抑制。组织粘附试验显示，Ｊ－１株能粘附小鼠和鲫鱼的肠组织和肠绒毛。将提纯的Ｒ菌毛预处理肠组织，或用Ｄ－甘露糖或木瓜蛋白酶消化的Ｒ菌毛抗血清Ｆａｂ片段预处理菌体，都不能抑制上述的粘附作用。Ｊ－１株对ＨＥｐ－２细胞显示强粘附，菌体随机粘附在细胞上，有少数侵入细胞浆内。其余５株菌的粘附特性与Ｊ－１株不尽相同。所有６株菌对草鱼肠组织及肠绒毛、ＥＰＣ细胞（鲤鱼乳头状上皮瘤细胞系）均无粘附性。     

Protection against atypical Aeromonas salmonicida infection in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., by oral administration of a mixed microbial culture of Lactobacillus paracasei, Pichia membranifaciens and Saccharomyces cereviciae

A microbial culture was prepared by co-cultivation of Lactobacillus paracasei, Pichia membranifaciens and Saccharomyces cereviciae for 48 hr at 30°C in rice bran extract medium, supplemented with dextrose. Oral administration of the resulting non-viable heat-inactivated microbial culture to common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., delivered in feed for four weeks, induced effective protection against experimental atypical Aeromonas salmonicida infection which causes "ulcer disease". After challenge of the carp by immersion, fish mortality and development of skin lesions such as hemorrhages and ulcers were significantly suppressed in carp treated with mixed microbial culture adsorbed on dry pellets relative to carp treated with medium or without extract. Atypical A. salmonicida was re-isolated from ulcerative lesions in parts of dead and surviving fish, but Aeromonas hydrophila and Flavobacterium sp. were also isolated from these fish, verifying microbial population changes during the progression of skin lesions. Among interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as CXC-α and CXC-β chemokines, gene expression of IL-1β was up regulated in the spleen and head kidney three weeks after administration of the mixed microbial culture. These results clearly show that this mixed microbial culture, delivered in feed, is effective in preventing A. salmonicida disease in carp.     

蛋氨酸对幼建鲤疾病抵抗能力及免疫应答的影响

本试验旨在研究蛋氨酸对幼建鲤疾病抵抗能力及免疫应答的影响.选择体重为(12.34±0.02)g健康建鲤864尾,平均分成6组,每组144尾(每组设3个重复,每个重复48尾),分别饲喂蛋氨酸水平为0.39%、0.70%、1.00%、1.30%、1.60%和1.90%的饲料,饲养60 d后用嗜水气单胞菌攻毒17 d,考察蛋氨酸对幼建鲤免疫功能的影响.结果表明:适宜蛋氨酸水平极显著提高了攻毒前头肾体指数、后肾体指数、脾体指数、血液红、白细胞数量和攻毒后红细胞数量(P<0.01);显著提高了攻毒前白细胞吞噬率和攻毒后成活率、白细胞数量、白细胞吞噬率、血清酸性磷酸酶活力、溶菌酶含量、补体C3含量、凝集素水平和抗嗜水气单胞菌抗体效价(P<0.05).由此得出,蛋氨酸通过增强白细胞吞噬能力和提高特异性抗体效价从而提高幼建鲤的非特异性和特异性免疫力,增强疾病抵抗力.     

Biochemical and toxigenic characteristics of Aeromonas spp. isolated from diseased mammals, moribund and healthy fish

In this study we describe biochemical, toxigenic and surface characteristics of 33 motile Aeromonas isolated from diseased mammals, 3 from moribund marine mammals, 24 from healthy fish and 4 from moribund fish. Aeromonas hydrophila, A. caviae and A. sobria were isolated from both mammals and fish but at a different incidence. Aeromonas hydrophila was the predominant species isolated from clinical specimens; it was isolated from pneumonia, wound infections, septicemia and abortion in horses, cattle and pigs. Aeromonas sobria was isolated from one mammal and 11 healthy fish. Aeromonas caviae was isolated in 2 cases from healthy fish and in 9 cases from diseased mammals. Variations in some biochemical tests including sorbitol, amylase and citrate, were observed between isolates from different sources. However, these differences did not allow the differentiation of isolates from diseased mammals and healthy fish. The majority of A. hydrophila isolates produced different extracellular products; A. sobria isolates produced less exotoxin. With A. caviae isolates no hemolysin, protease, enterotoxin or elastase were detected. There was no quantitative difference in hemolysin, protease, enterotoxin or elastase production between isolates from mammals and fish. It is suggested that A. hydrophila could be a potential pathogen for domestic animals, and fish may represent a potential reservoir of infection.     

嗜温气单胞菌的鉴定及其外膜蛋白型研究

从病鳖、鳗鱼体内分离到2株嗜温气单胞菌(TAh-3、EAs-1),经形态学观察、生理生化特性等鉴定,确定TAh-3为嗜水气单胞菌,EAs-1为温和气单胞菌。动物感染试验结果表明,TAh-3株为致病性嗜水气单胞菌,对鲫鱼的致死率100%,EAs-1株为非致病性温和气单胞菌。SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示,TAh-3株外膜蛋白(OMPs)型由7条蛋白带组成,其中1条主带大小为40.0kDa;EAs-1株OMPs型由8条蛋白带组成,其中2条主带大小为38.0kDa、45.0kDa。     

酵母核苷酸对团头鲂生长性能、抗氧化功能和抗病力的影响

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加酵母核苷酸对团头鲂生长性能、抗氧化功能和抗病力的影响。选择初始体重为（３１．４６±０．０７）ｇ的团头鲂 ３００尾,随机分成 ２组（对照组和核苷酸组）,每组 ３个重复,每个重复 ５０尾。对照组试验鱼饲喂基础饲料,核苷酸组试验鱼饲喂在基础饲料中添加 ２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ酵母核苷酸（单体核苷酸与低聚核苷酸总含量为 ７０％）的试验饲料,饲喂５６ｄ后测定鱼体的生长、形体以及血液生理生化指标,并在饲养试验结束后采用嗜水气单胞菌攻毒试验测定鱼体的累积死亡率。结果表明：饲料中添加 ２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ酵母核苷酸显著提高了团头鲂的特定生长率和蛋白质效率（Ｐ＜０．０５）,显著降低了饲料系数（Ｐ＜０．０５）,但对摄食率、肝体比、内脏比、肥满度和存活率无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。与对照组相比,核苷酸组血浆中抗超氧阴离子水平显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０５）,但碱性磷酸酶活性无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）。饲料中添加 ２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ酵母核苷酸对团头鲂的肝功能以及血脂和血糖指标均无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）,但能显著降低嗜水气单胞菌攻毒后 ９６～１６８ｈ的累积死亡率（Ｐ＜０．０５）。由此得出,饲料中添加 ２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ酵母核苷酸能在一定程度上促进团头鲂的生长,增强鱼体的抗氧化功能和抗病力,且不会影响鱼体肝功能以及血脂和血糖代谢。     

益生菌-中草药复方制剂对海兰褐蛋鸡输卵管组织、生产性能及蛋品质的影响

试验旨在研究益生菌-中草药复方制剂对蛋鸡输卵管组织、生产性能及蛋品质的影响。选取体质优良的45周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡720只,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复60只。对照组饲喂不含抗生素的基础日粮,Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组为试验组,分别在基础日粮中添加1.0‰中草药组方一(败酱草、蒲公英、板蓝根、连翘等)、1.0‰中草药组方二(金银花、黄芪、淫羊藿、益母草等)和1.0‰中草药组方三(大青叶、黄柏、黄芩、栀子等),且各试验组均添加1.5‰复合益生菌。预试期7 d,正试期28 d。结果表明:①益生菌-中草药复方制剂能修复蛋鸡受损的输卵管组织,减少输卵管与周围组织的黏连,使输卵管保持通畅性,降低蛋鸡输卵管组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)含量,尤以Ⅱ组效果最好,分别较对照组降低40.85%和17.79%,差异显著(P<0.05);②与对照组相比,Ⅱ组可显著提高蛋鸡产蛋率(P<0.05),显著降低料蛋比和软破蛋率(P<0.05);③与对照组相比,Ⅱ组可显著提高48和50周龄蛋鸡的蛋形指数和蛋黄比率(P<0.05)。由此可知,日粮中添加益生菌-中草药复方制剂能在一定程度上减轻蛋鸡输卵管炎症反应,提高产蛋率,改善蛋品质,其中以Ⅱ组益生菌和金银花、黄芪、淫羊藿、益母草等中草药联合使用效果最好。     

Protection against atypical Aeromonas salmonicida infection in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) by oral administration of humus extract

Humic substances are formed during the decomposition of organic matter in humus, and are found in many natural environments in which organic materials and microorganisms have been present. In the present study, oral administration of humus extract to common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) induced effective protection against experimental atypical Aeromonas salmonicida infection. Mortality of fish and development of skin lesions such as hemorrhages and ulcers were significantly suppressed in carp treated with 10%, 5% or 1% humus extract adsorbed on dry feeding pellets. The median surviving days was also greater in fish treated with 10% or 5% humus extract than in untreated fish. Atypical A. salmonicida was isolated from ulcerative lesions of part of dead fish, but Aeromonas hydrophila and Flavobacterium sp. were also isolated from these fish, verifying bacterial population changes during the progression of skin lesions. These results clearly show that treatment of fish with humus extract is effective in preventing A. salmonicida disease.     

Blood changes in carp (Cyprinus carpio) induced by ulcerative Aeromonas salmonicida infections

Only recently Aeromonas salmonicida has been recognized as a significant bacterial pathogen in ulcerative disease of cyprinid fish. Our attempts to formulate a vaccine based on bacterial surface antigens were unsuccessful in conferring reliable protection against lethal challenge. This lead us to study pathological changes in the humoral defense system during ulcerative A. salmonicida infection in carp. High numbers of opportunist pathogens such as A. hydrophila and Pseudomonas sp. were frequently recovered from the internal organs of moribund fish, in addition to A. salmonicida. These findings together with leucopenia in moribund fish suggest that pathogenesis is characterized by a state of immune suppression. In addition, fish which had sustained a sublethal infection were not protected against a subsequent lethal challenge. However, fish previously injected with a concentrated and inactivated culture supernatant showed protection. Differential blood cell counts did not differ between experimental and control groups during sublethal infection in contrast to serum proteins. Furthermore infected non-immune carp showed a progressive decrease of immunoglobulin and total serum protein levels before the day of peak mortality whereas protected carp maintained the immunoglobulin concentration despite a decrease in protein. Our observations suggest the involvement of multiple pathogenic events, affecting different parts of the humoral defense system during ulcerative A. salmonicida infection. The immunosuppressive effects can be minimized by prior vaccination with culture supernatant.     

加工工艺和湿态发酵豆粕添加水平对肉鸡颗粒饲料质量、生长性能和抗氧化能力的影响

本试验旨在研究加工工艺和湿态发酵豆粕添加水平及其交互作用对肉鸡颗粒饲料质量、生长性能、抗氧化能力以及肠道组织形态的影响.采用2×3双因素试验设计,加工工艺为普通调质制粒(NCP)工艺和高温调质低温制粒(HCLP)工艺;湿态发酵豆粕的添加水平为0、5％和10％.试验选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡480只,按照体重相近原...     

鲤源嗜水气单胞菌分离鉴定、耐药性及毒力基因检测

为查明贵州某鲤鱼养殖厂鲤鱼死亡的病因,本试验进行了细菌分离培养、菌体形态观察、细菌生理生化鉴定、16S rRNA基因测序分析、药敏试验、耐药基因检测、动物感染试验、毒力基因检测等。结果显示,从死亡鲤鱼病变组织中分离到的细菌呈圆形凸起、表面光滑的灰白色菌落,为革兰氏阴性短杆菌;生化鉴定结果显示,分离菌具有运动性,能发酵葡萄糖产酸产气,精氨酸双水解酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶、M-R和V-P试验阳性;应用细菌16S rRNA基因通用引物进行PCR扩增获得大小为1 421 bp的片段,测序发现,该分离菌与16株嗜水气单胞菌相应序列同源性达75.3%~100.0%;药敏试验结果显示,该分离菌对氟苯尼考、头孢曲松、妥布霉素、氧氟沙星、恩诺沙星5种药物呈现高度敏感,对复方新诺明、磺胺异噁唑、羧苄西林等药物呈现耐药,经耐药基因PCR检测显示,该分离菌携带Sul1、Sul2和Intl1 3种耐药基因,与药敏表型相符;人工感染试验显示,该分离菌有致病力,经毒力基因检测显示,该分离菌携带aer、hly和act 3种毒力基因。上述试验结果表明,本研究分离得到了一株耐磺胺类药物的鲤源嗜水气单胞菌,为该鲤鱼养殖厂的鲤鱼疾病防治与合理用药提供了科学依据。     

Massive mortality of common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) in the St. Lawrence River in 2001: diagnostic investigation and experimental induction of lymphocytic encephalitis

A massive fish kill affecting exclusively common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) in the St. Lawrence River, Québec, Canada, during the summer of 2001 was investigated by use of laboratory diagnostic methods and by an attempt to experimentally induce the disease. The ultimate causes of mortality were opportunistic bacterial infections with Aeromonas hydrophila and Flavobacterium sp. secondary to immunosuppression induced by physiologic (i.e., spawning) and environmental (i.e., high temperatures and low water levels) stressors, and possibly enhanced by an infection causing lymphocytic encephalitis observed in 9 of 18 (50%) fish examined. Experimental induction of disease was attempted in captured wild carp by administration of crude and filtered (particulate <0.22 microm) inocula prepared from a homogenate of tissues from carp affected by the natural outbreak. Although significant clinical disease or mortality was not induced by experimental challenge, lymphocytic encephalitis similar to the one observed in naturally affected carp was induced in four of seven (57%) fish administered crude inoculum and four of seven (57%) fish administered filtered inoculum. None of the control fish inoculated with sterile phosphate-buffered saline (n = 6) were affected by encephalitis. The cause of the encephalitis observed in carp from the natural outbreak and in experimentally inoculated fish could not be determined by use of virus isolation and transmission electron microscopy.     

Immunomodulation by dietary vitamin C in healthy and aflatoxin B1-induced immunocompromised rohu (Labeo rohita)

The aim of this study was to examine the immunomodulatory effect of high levels of dietary vitamin C in healthy and immunocompromised rohu (Labeo rohita) treated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Four groups of rohu were fed experimental diets containing either no vitamin C or supplemented with vitamin C at 500 ppm for 60 days. On the first day of feeding, one group fed the high vitamin C diet and one fed the vitamin C deficient diet, were injected intraperitoneally with a single doses of AFB1 at 1.25 mg kg(-1) body weight. The effect of AFB1 and high dietary vitamin C on specific and non-specific immunity, and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila were examined in the rohu. The ability of vitamin C to counteract immunosuppression induced by AFB1 was also examined. Specific immunity indicated by haemagglutination and haemolysin titres against sheep red blood cells (SRBC), and bacterial agglutination appeared to be unaffected by either the AFB1 treatment or the vitamin C enriched diet. A significant reduction was observed in the non-specific immunity of AFB1-treated fish, however, indicated by lowered bactericidal and lysozyme activities. High dietary vitamin C, on the other hand, enhanced the non-specific immunity of fish, including an enhanced phagocytic ratio and increased serum lysozyme activity. Feeding a high level of dietary vitamin C to AFB1-treated fish increased these parameters to levels similar to those found in control fish. High dietary vitamin C significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced protection against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in both healthy and immunocompromised fish. Results from this study help to establish the beneficial effect of dietary vitamin C on AFB1-induced immunosuppression, as well as confirming the immunostimulatory effect of vitamin C in rohu.     

Gut microbial status induced by antibiotic growth promoter alters the prebiotic effects of dietary DVAQUA® on Aeromonas hydrophila-infected tilapia: production, intestinal bacterial community and non-specific immunity

The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether dietary antibiotic-induced changes in the fish intestinal microbiota altered host physiological responses to the infection with Aeromonas hydrophila in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus ♀ × O. aureus ♂). After an 8-week induction period with an antibiotic-supplemented or antibiotic-non-supplemented diet, 160 hybrid tilapias in 16 tanks were each injected with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or A. hydrophila at a dose of one-half of the LD(50). Then, all of the diets were changed to a prebiotic-supplemented one for the sequential 8-week response period. Parameters including production, gut microbial diversity and count, and non-specific immunity were determined at the end of the response period. Our results showed that A. hydrophila infection had no effects on the growth and diet conversion of tilapia, but it caused the decrease of the gut bacterial count, the number of visual bands, and the Shannon diversity and equitability indexes of gut bacteria in antibiotic-non-supplemented fish based on PCR-DGGE fingerprints. Infection with A. hydrophila reduced the gut bacterial evenness (lower Shannon equitability index), and slightly improved the gut bacterial richness (more visual bands) in antibiotic-supplemented tilapia. In addition, A. hydrophila infection affected non-specific immunity such as serum lysozyme activity and serum alternative complement pathway (C3 and C4) activities regardless of hybrid tilapia fed antibiotic-supplemented diets. These changes varied based on the intestinal microbial status of the fish before infection with A. hydrophila.     

长时间连续投喂β-葡聚糖对鲤生长性能及非特异性免疫功能的影响

本研究旨在探讨长时间连续投喂β-葡聚糖对鲤生长性能及非特异性免疫功能的影响及嗜水气单胞菌攻毒后的抵抗能力.试验采用初始体重为(61.53±0.34)g的健康鲤(Cyprinus carpio)为研究对象,在饲料中分别添加0、0.15%和0.50%的β-葡聚塘,饲养60 d.结果显示:投喂β-葡聚糖对鲤增重率和饲料系数均没有显著影响(P>0.05);肝胰脏中溶菌酶和酸性磷酸酶活力显著降低于对照组(P<0.05),髓过氧化物酶活力各组之间没有显著差异(P>0.05);攻毒试验结果显示:注射嗜水气单胞菌148 h后试验组鲤存活率明显低于对照组.由此可知,长期投喂β-葡聚糖不影响鲤生长性能,但会降低其非特异性免疫功能及对嗜水气单胞菌攻毒的免疫保护力.     

发酵中药渣对肉牛生长性能、血液生化指标及免疫功能的影响

[目的]为研究发酵中药渣对肉牛生长发育、血液生化指标及免疫功能的影响。[方法]在宁夏固原市肉牛良种繁育示范园随机选取210头牛作为试验牛群,采用配对试验设计,试验分为对照组、中药渣组和发酵中药渣组。[结果]结果表明,中药渣组比对照组采食量增加0.51 kg(8.9%,P﹤0.05),料重比(F/G)减少了0.18 kg(P﹤0.05)。发酵中药渣组比对照组体重增加20.8 kg(2.9%,P﹤0.01),采食量增加0.73 kg(12.8%,P﹤0.01),料重比(F/G)减少0.29 kg(P﹤0.01)。发酵中药渣组血液总蛋白和白蛋白含量均显著高于对照组(P﹤0.05)。谷丙转氨酶含量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。谷胱甘肽、过氧化物歧化酶、免疫球蛋白G含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]在肉牛日粮中添加发酵中药渣、中药渣可增加肉牛的干物质采食量和日增重,提高饲料报酬,发酵中药渣可提高肉牛的生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫力。