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近几年,锦州地区利用原有的养虾池改造进行海参养殖效果很好,养殖面积已达近五万亩,苗种的需求也很大。针对目前室内人工培育的苗种成本高,养殖中易发病,养殖成活率偏低等诸多原因,我们利用养殖海参的池塘进行苗种的培育试验,经过几个月的培育,效果很好,现介绍给大家。 相似文献
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近年来,沿海地区海参养殖业蓬勃发展,但随着养殖规模的不断扩大,海参养殖中存在的问题日益凸现。从2004年水产养殖病害测报中可以看出,海参病害以2月份~4月份最为严重,7月份~9月份趋于平缓,进入12月份以来又有爆发迹象。海参病害的发生对海参养殖业产生了一定冲击,影响了海参养殖业健康、有序的发展。笔者结合生产实际谈以下几点看法:一、海参养殖中存在的问题1.苗种问题全人工育苗成功解决了海参养殖的苗种数量问题,但随之而来的苗种质量问题一直困扰着广大养殖者。育苗生产不规范,造成苗种质量下降,直接影响了海参养殖生产的全过程。2.环… 相似文献
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糙海参(Holothuria scbra)是中国南方优质的热带海参经济品种,试验首次成功在国内综合运用升温等多种刺激方法人工诱导糙海参产卵,并进行了批量人工育苗。2010年4—6月,共进行人工催产试验10次,催产亲参243头,5次试验产卵,催产成功率50%,共获得受精卵1652.72×10^4粒,孵出糙海参幼体1226.74×10^4头,总体孵化率74.23%;在水温27.5~30.0℃条件下,受精卯完成胚胎发育需要32.5h;利用其中部分幼体开展后期人工育苗,经过21d培育,获得糙海参早期稚参(0.1cm)19.43×10^4头,苗种培育成活率16.7%;经过32d培育获得大规格后期稚参苗(0.3~0.5cm)2,46×10^4头,培育成活率2.12%。试验的成功对下一步开展北部湾海域糙海参的天然种群恢复和在华南地区进行糙海参的人工养殖与开发具有重要意义。 相似文献
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海带工厂化低温育苗是一项综合性技术措施,其中心环节是海带的“夏繁”和配子体、幼孢子体的“越夏”。围绕着这二个中心环节,试验研究取得了夏熟种海带培育、集约式平面采光、人工附着基的改进和制作、育苗期间的温光控制和制冷工艺、病害防治、以及水的循环与净化等配套技术和成果,有效地促进了海带养殖业的发展。本试验根据海带生物学特性,以人工模拟的环境条件,结合考虑经济上的合理性,培育出大量幼苗,这对海洋及内陆水域中其他生物资源的开发利用提供了有参考价值的途径。 相似文献
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Broom Mohammed Gabr Mohamed Hosny Al-Harbi Mamdouh Satheesh Sathianeson 《Aquaculture International》2021,29(6):2403-2414
Aquaculture International - In recent years, the demand for commercial sea cucumber diet increased due to the expansion of sea cucumber farming. In this study, we investigated alternative sources... 相似文献
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16种商品海参16S rRNA的PCR-RFLP鉴定方法 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
基于570 by左右的线粒体16S rRNA基因片段,利用3种核酸内切酶(Dde I,Hae III和Sty I)对16种海参PCR产物进行酶切,分别产生10种、5种和5种单倍型,通过单倍型的组合,即能有效区分16种海参的种类.运用此方法对19种商品海参(包括冻品和干品)进行鉴定,结果表明,9种产品属于错误贴标.本研究建立的PCR-RFLP方法方便、有效,可靠,可为海参产品评估、进出口种类鉴定提供实用高效的方法.本研究旨在为市场海参产品贴标情况的评估提供技术支撑. 相似文献
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Breeding and larval development of Holothuria mammata,a new target species for aquaculture 下载免费PDF全文
Sea cucumber commercial fisheries in the North‐eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea started in Turkey in the 1990s. Due to ineffective management practices, the sea cucumber resource was overexploited. Holothuria mammata is one of the sea cucumber species exploited from this geographical area, showing high potential for its aquaculture. This research was undertaken to develop the breeding, larval and juveniles rearing techniques for development of H. mammata aquaculture. Broodstocks collected from Ria Formosa (Faro, S Portugal) were successfully induced to spawn by thermal stimulation from July to October, yielding up to 6.95 million eggs/female. The eggs and larvae were reared and their development described. H. mammata showed the five typical larval stages of most aspidochirote holoturians. Juveniles stage was reached after 21 days post‐fertilization. This is the first work focused on the aquaculture biotechnology of H. mammata, however, further research is need to improve the survival of juveniles to ensure the future production of this species. 相似文献
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棘皮动物因其富含蛋白质、氨基酸、不饱和脂肪酸和其他生理活性物质,有较高的食用及药用价值,是我国一类重要的水产经济动物,需求日益提升,因此,发展棘皮动物养殖研究及其产业化十分紧迫。微藻富含蛋白质、碳水化合物、维生素、类胡萝卜素和丰富的多不饱和脂肪酸等营养物质,在新型水产饲料资源开发中备受关注。微藻作为幼体动物的鲜活饵料,在促进幼体生长、提高存活率方面显著优于人工饵料,在棘皮动物养殖中也得到广泛应用。本文对近年来微藻及其生物活性物质在经济棘皮动物(海参和海胆)养殖中的应用及研究进展进行概括总结,首次围绕微藻在经济棘皮动物生长、发育、变态过程中的作用以及微藻饵料在经济棘皮动物养殖中的应用进行综述,概括了经济棘皮动物养殖常用微藻种类,分析了微藻对海参、海胆脂肪酸组成以及免疫功能的影响,对经济棘皮动物养殖中存在的问题进行探讨并提出建议,以期为我国海参、海胆养殖业的发展提供参考。 相似文献
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东海区发展水产资源增养殖的设想 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
东海区海岸线和岛屿岸线分别占全国的34%和49.1%,面积大于500m~2的岛屿共3481个,潍涂面积占全国的46.7%。港湾众多,总面积25507 km~2,0~20 m 水深的浅海面积64461 km~2,约占全国50%。东海区栖息了许多名特优的渔业资源,海洋生物具有相当的丰度和广度,水文环境稳定,营养盐类丰富,初级生产力高,也是多种鱼类、虾类、蟹类的栖息、繁殖场所。东海区(包括福建省、浙江省、上海市和江苏省)1991年海水增养殖面积达1335 km~2,总产量48.0万 t。全区具有较大规模的海带育苗、紫菜育苗、贝类育苗、虾类育苗、海蜇育苗的场地和设备。鱼类育苗技术不断提高.现已进行了约80个种类的人工、半人工育苗及20个种类的增殖放流或移植、自然增殖的试验。海水养殖种类达40~50种。东海区得天独厚的具有高经济价值的鳗苗和中华绒螫蟹苗的天然苗种资源。东海区既是全国海水增养殖业的重要基地也希望取得周边国家和地区的支持和合作。提出了今后(2000年止)发展的具体设想内容及主要项目,以及应采取的措施等,具有指导意义。 相似文献
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Consumption and Assimilation of Salmon Net Pen Fouling Debris by the Red Sea Cucumber Parastichopus californicus: Implications for Polyculture 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract Fouling debris composed of fish feces, excess fish food, algae, and other particulate organic matter can create environmental problems for aquaculture facilities that rear fish in ocean net pens. Accumulations of organic debris can clog the nets and restrict water circulation which in turn can stress fish. Experiments in which red sea cucumbers Parastichopus californicus were allowed to feed inside floating net pens at a salmon rearing facility in Southeast Alaska showed that sea cucumbers consumed fouling debris and cleared a significant amount of surface area on the nets (P < 0.0001). Sea cucumbers assimilated amino acids and other organic matter from fouling debris two to three times more efficiently than from their natural sediment diet. Muscle development of sea cucumbers consuming fouling debris inside the net pens was also significantly greater than that of sea cucumbers feeding in their natural environment (P < 0.0003). This work suggests that polyculture operations in which commercially important detritivores, like the red sea cucumber, are grown in net pens along with salmon could possibly convert the net from self-fouling to self-cleaning and could turn fouling debris into a marketable product (sea cucumber biomass). 相似文献
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Pilot experiments were carried out in mesocosms (5.3 m3 plastic bag enclosures) for larval rearing of the commercially important saithe [Pollachius virens (L.)], and two wrasse species, goldsinny [Ctenolabrus rupestris (L.)] and corkwing [Crenilabrus melops (L.)] which are both used as cleaner-fishes for control of sea-lice infestations in Atlantic salmon farming. Fertilized saithe eggs were collected from natural spawning in a simple and inexpensive tank system. Goldsinny and corkwing eggs were obtained by stripping mature individuals collected from the sea. Egg mortality during incubation was low in all species. Larvae were released in the rearing enclosures a few days after hatching and fed natural plankton (mainly copepod nauplii). Survival through metamorphosis was low for saithe (3%), which may be attributed to specific environmental requirements, in terms of water quality, in this species. Survival in the wrasse was good (20–40%), indicating that the use of mesocosms may have potential for mass-production of these species. 相似文献