甘肃省沿黄灌区春小麦与披碱草/苜蓿混播对土壤盐渍化的影响

[目的] 研究甘肃省沿黄灌区耕地撂荒、种植春播作物与豆禾混播牧草对土壤盐渍化的影响，为该区生物措施防治土壤盐碱提供科学依据。[方法] 以裸地（CK）、小麦（Triticum aestivum）、披碱草和苜蓿（Elymus nutans/Medicago sativa）混播为研究对象，测定地表植被和微环境相关指标及表土（0-5 cm）水、盐含量，分析植被与盐含量间定量关系。[结果] 裸地盐含量全年呈W形变化，初春、夏末和秋末为3个高峰期；麦地呈U形变化趋势，高峰在初春和秋末；混播牧草地仅初春盐含量较高。秋末，麦地盐含量较裸地高18.4%，而牧草地较裸地低55.9%。对比2 a 3月的土壤盐含量，裸地和小麦地分别提高了23.7%和14.8%，而牧草地却降低了28.2%。植被特征指标与表土盐含量间呈极显著负相关（p<0.01），其中植被盖度与盐含量间相关性最强（达-0.916）。植被的盖度、高度和生物量每提高1%，1 cm和1 g/m²，将使表土盐含量分别降低0.031，0.139，0.014 g/kg。[结论] 甘肃省沿黄灌区耕地撂荒和种植生育期较短春播作物易造成表土积盐和引发土壤次生盐渍化危害，而种植多年生豆禾混播牧草可降低表土盐含量和预防土壤盐渍化。     

西北干旱灌溉区种植春小麦和牧草对耕地盐渍化的影响

[目的]研究西北干旱灌溉区种植春小麦和牧草对耕地盐渍化的影响差异,为该区防治土壤次生盐渍化工作提供科学依据。[方法]以小麦(Triticum aestivum)和混播牧草披碱草/苜蓿(Elymus dahuricus/Medicago sativa)及其下部土壤为研究对象,通过测定植被的盖度、高度、地上生物量及其下部土壤的水、盐含量等指标,来分析和比较种植春小麦和牧草对耕地盐渍化的影响,以及不同植被特征指标与土壤水、电导率间的定量关系。[结果]小麦和牧草的盖度、高度、地上生物量均随生长时间的延长呈显著升高趋势。小麦收获后,小麦地裸露类似于裸地,而牧草继续生长并保持覆盖耕地。当耕地被植被覆盖时,其地表的日照强度、表层土壤(0—5cm)的温度和盐含量均显著低于裸地,而地表的湿度和表层土壤的含水率正好相反,均显著高于裸地。相关分析显示,植被地上生物量与土壤含水率、植被盖度与土壤盐含量间相关性最强,土壤含水率与盐含量间呈显著负相关关系。进一步回归分析显示,植被地上生物量每提高1kg/m2,可使植被覆盖区的表层土壤含水率升高6%,盖度每提高1%,可使表层土壤的电导率降低2.2μS/cm。[结论]西北干旱灌溉区种植春小麦因生育期较短易引发土壤的次生盐渍化,而牧草覆盖耕地时间较长可预防耕地发生盐渍化危害。     

混播草带控制水源区坡地土壤氮、磷流失效应

坡地土壤氮、磷流失是湖库型饮用水源区污染的主要来源。本文以云南最大的城市集中式饮用水源地为研究区域,在昆明云龙水库库区周边的坡耕地红壤上开展了混播草带防治土壤氮、磷流失效应的研究。研究结果表明:选择适宜草种进行混播,所形成的草带控制水土及氮、磷流失效果优于自然植被;对地表径流量、土壤侵蚀量的控制效果均为:混播黑麦草+紫花苜蓿>混播黑麦草+白三叶>自然植被>无草带种植;草带对土壤侵蚀量的控制效果要好于地表径流量。其中处理混播黑麦草+紫花苜蓿、混播黑麦草+白三叶径流量分别比无草带种植降低35.19%、46.26%;侵蚀量比无草带种植降低73.51%、78.13%;坡耕地地表径流中氮素流失形态主要以泥沙中氮流失为主,占到80%～85%左右,磷素流失以颗粒态磷流失为主,占到90%～95%左右;对地表径流中的氮、磷流失量控制效果均为:混播黑麦草+紫花苜蓿>混播黑麦草+白三叶>自然植被>无草带种植,对总氮流失量的控制效果要好于总磷流失量;混播黑麦草+白三叶处理中径流中总氮、总磷流失量分别降低59.96%、48.57%;混播黑麦草+紫花苜蓿处理径流中总氮、总磷流失量分别降低63.31%、56.91%;自然植被处理中径流总氮、总磷流失量分别降低29.46%、26.03%。     

水源保护区坡耕地不同种植模式水土保持效应试验

在水源保护区16．5°的坡耕地上,通过3种种植模式（玉米＋小麦、牧草混播、黄梨＋绿肥）进行连续3年水土保持试验,研究水源保护区坡耕地水土保持效应。结果表明：1）与玉米＋小麦习惯轮作模式相比,牧草混播及黄梨＋绿肥种植模式降低径流量、土壤流失量、养分流失量分别为27．7％、44．2％、38．0％及14．4％、20．9％、27．9％,牧草混播及黄梨＋绿肥2种种植模式都能有效地降低水土及养分流失,并且效果随着年限延长而增加;2）在肥料施用量比玉米＋小麦种植模式减少34．0％的条件下,牧草混播种植模式的纯收益仍能与玉米＋小麦轮作模式持平;黄梨＋绿肥种植模式纯收益比玉米＋小麦种植模式提高5．9％,梨树盛果期以后,产值还有很大提升空间;3）从水土保持角度看,牧草混播种植模式的效果最好,从经济角度分析,黄梨＋绿肥种植模式效益最高,二者都可作为水源保护区种植结构调整及坡耕地综合治理的较好模式。     

施肥和补播互作对松嫩平原退化草地产量、品质的影响

试验以松嫩平原西部天然轻度退化草地为研究对象,设6个水平的施肥组合、2种豆禾牧草[沙打旺(Astragalus adsurgens Pall.)和披碱草(Elymus dahuricus Turcz.)]混播比例,研究施肥和补播互作对地上生物量、群落组成、牧草品质的影响,以期确定本地区天然退化草原得以修复的最佳施肥量和补播牧草适宜播种比例。结果表明:施肥和补播互作显著增加了牧草地上生物量和粗蛋白含量(P<0.05)。2种混播模式下,各施肥处理较不施肥处理的牧草地上生物量分别提高2.42%～68.51%和20.21%～60.88%。豆禾2∶2混播的地上生物量高于豆禾1∶2混播;豆禾2∶2混播+N150P0K180(N、P2O5、K2O用量分别为150、0、180 kg/hm²)处理的地上生物量为290.68 g/m2,较其他处理高37.75%～94.71%,差异显著(P<0.05),氮添加量高于150 kg/hm²时,豆禾2∶2混播的地上生物量减少。豆禾2∶2混播配合高磷添加处理的物种丰富度更高,而豆禾1∶2混播处理中,N50P40K45(N、P2O5、K2O用量分别为50、40、45 kg/hm²)处理的物种丰富度指数为1.99,香农威纳指数为1.88,显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。豆禾2∶2混播的粗蛋白含量高于豆禾1∶2混播,豆禾2∶2混播+N150P0K180处理的粗蛋白含量为22.64%,高于其他处理26.06%～84.82%,差异显著(P<0.05)。粗蛋白含量与地上生物量存在显著正相关性(r=0.339,P<0.05)。综合分析认为,豆禾2∶2混播+N150P0K180是获得最佳草产量及品质的组合;豆禾1∶2混播+N50P40K45是恢复轻度退化草地物种多样性的最佳组合。     

太湖水网地区原位模拟降雨条件下不同农田类型氮素流失特征研究

为探索太湖流域水网地区农田土壤氮素通过地表径流与耕层渗漏的流失特征及其影响因素,在浙江省嘉兴市、上海市的松江县和青浦县,选择稻田、种植年限短的菜地、种植年限长的菜地3种类型农田,采用原位模拟降雨,研究渗漏与地表径流方式下的农田氮素流失量、流失形态特征,以及土壤养分含量对氮素流失的影响。结果表明,3种农田在地表径流方式下农田总氮流失量差异不显著;渗漏方式下种植年限长的菜地和种植年限短的菜地总氮流失量差异也不显著。渗漏方式下总氮流失量显著高于地表径流方式。农田0—5、0—20 cm土壤硝态氮含量分别为31.24~72.9和33.21~71.1 mg/kg时,与渗漏液硝态氮、水溶性总氮、总氮的流失量、流失浓度呈极显著正相关。     

森林道路边坡的水土保持技术

林路边坡是森林系统的一个主要侵蚀源,而植被的稳定作用对减轻林路边坡的土壤流失效果显著。为期２ａ的研究调查了挂网护面与引种草类混播相结合、当地草类混播和引种草类混播３种护坡措施的效果。结果表明,各措施在陡峭填挖坡段均能显著地减少径流量和产沙量。在２ａ的研究中,经过植被处理后地表径流可减少 ９０％以上,物理护面处理可使植被盖度增加、产沙量降低。     

新疆策勒县新开垦农田地表蚀积变化

用插钎法结合气象数据对新疆维吾尔自治区策勒县开垦年限分别为2和1a农田地表进行风蚀风积观测,结果表明,沿主风向,防护林带前后0—3H(树高)内表现为风积,林前风积量明显大于林后风积量,防护林带之间中部主要以风蚀为主。红枣幼苗旁种植的冬小麦在一定程度上能有效地抵御红枣根部风蚀。未开垦的植被盖度3个不同的下垫面内,植被盖度和高度越大,其阻沙积沙能力越强。由于新开垦未种植裸荒地地表疏松无植被覆盖,表现出同阶段内最大的地表风蚀量。新开垦农田地表蚀积变化不仅与植被覆盖度、防护林结构、风速大小与风向紧密相关外,还与地表的微地形有关。     

巢湖流域麦稻轮作农田径流氮磷流失研究

采用田间径流池法,在巢湖流域麦稻轮作种植条件下,研究农田地表径流氮磷流失的特征。研究结果表明:麦稻轮作农田径流总氮流失量为45.27～101.38kg/hm2,总磷流失量为0.302～0.612kg/hm2。总氮的66%以上是在麦季流失的,总磷的89%以上是在稻季流失的。常规施肥条件下麦稻轮作农田氮肥流失率在6%左右,磷肥流失率在0.45%左右。水稻和小麦氮肥减施30%和磷肥减施50%能够减少氮磷的径流流失量,分别减少总氮径流流失量2.83kg/hm2,减少4.1%左右,减少总磷径流流失量0.055kg/hm2,减少10.7%以上。氮肥减施30%对第一年的作物产量没有造成较大减产,可以实现减量不减产的目标。     

不同管理方式下吉林省农田黑土流失量

本文利用土壤流失方程式的计算机应用程序[1],模拟计算吉林省榆树和德惠两市黄土质黑土坡耕地在不同管理利用方式下的土壤流失强度。结果表明,黑土种植玉米降雨流失量在4～45 t/hm2·a之间。种植大豆流失量高出玉米一倍。流失量随耕地坡度加大和A层变薄而增加。吉林黑土A层厚度正在逐渐下降,下降幅度因土种和管理方式而异,范围在0.5～4.5mm/a。种植玉米,吉林省黑土每年会流失830×104t表土,相当于流失近20×104t有机物质。种植大豆会使土壤和有机质流失量加倍。与传统的耕作方式模拟对比,保护性耕作可以显著降低吉林黑土的流失量。     

风沙区不同种植制度下的土壤风蚀效果研究

为探究不同种植制度对风沙区喷灌圈耕地土壤风蚀效果的影响,以马铃薯－冬闲－玉米轮作（PT）、玉米－冬闲－玉米连作（SF）、马铃薯－燕麦－玉米轮作（WF）三种种植制度的喷灌圈耕地为研究对象,并以周边固定沙地（CK）为对照,春耕前采集表层0 ~ 5 cm土壤,用筛分法测定土壤的机械组成,分析土壤粒度参数及颗粒分形维数。结果表明:与CK相比,三种种植制度的耕地0 ~ 5 cm土层土壤细砂以下（< 0.1 mm）颗粒的含量下降12.83% ~ 42.45%,粗砂颗粒含量上升了284.12% ~ 502.86%,土壤颗粒表现出明显粗化现象,分选性变好,峰态向尖窄化发展,土壤退化严重,说明无论采用何种种植制度均会导致耕地土壤沙化。不同种植制度中,SF、WF相比PT均明显提高了耕地0 ~ 5 cm土层土壤细砂以下（< 0.1 mm）颗粒的含量,土壤颗粒出现细化趋势,分选性变好,峰态向尖窄化发展,分形维数值增大,表明玉米留茬和马铃薯收获后种植燕麦在风季可以减弱地表风蚀作用,降低耕地表层土壤细颗粒的流失。三种种植制度的偏差在各土层间没有显著差异,说明不同种植制度不足以使喷灌耕地的土壤粒度分配出现较大差异。     

土地利用类型对土壤微生物量和有机质的影响

对陕北黄土丘陵区农地、园地、人工草地、荒地、灌木林地、经济林地和乔木林地等7种不同土地利用类型土壤剖面4个土壤层次的土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、微生物量氮(MBN)、土壤呼吸(RS)和土壤有机质含量(SOM)进行了测定.分析了MBC,MBN,RS,SOM和全氮(TN)之间的相关性;并对土壤微生物对土壤健康的生物指示功能和土地利用类型对土壤有机质的影响进行了研究.结果表明,各土地利用类型表层土壤MBC和MBN分别在84.14～512.78和4.29～41.83 mg/kg之间,RS在108.69～235.71 mg/kg之间.荒地和乔木林地的土壤微生物量含量和RS值较高,农地较低;SOM在0.510%～1.547%之间,在乔木林地和经济林地较高,在农地,园地和人工草地较低,且在不同土地利用类型之间的差异显著.土壤微生物量和RS与SOC,TN显著相关,说明土壤微生物学特征可以用来表示土壤健康水平.农地转变为其它土地利用类型后会明显提高土壤微生物量和有机质含量,尤以表层土壤增幅最为明显.     

高寒草甸区高原鼢鼠新生土丘水土流失特征

高原鼢鼠是青藏高原的优势地下啮齿动物,掘洞造丘是其独特的行为之一。高原鼢鼠新生土丘属于次生裸地容易导致水土流失,研究高原鼢鼠新生土丘水土流失对于合理评价其对生态系统的影响具有重要意义。利用径流小区法和风蚀桥法,测定不同地形(平地和坡地)、不同直径大小(大土丘:直径75 cm,中等土丘:直径50～75 cm,小土丘:直径50 cm)单位面积新生土丘年土壤流失量和有机质流失量,并比较经过1年侵蚀后的土丘与无土丘草地表层(0—10 cm)土壤粒径组成、含水量和营养成分,旨在明确高原鼢鼠不同大小和不同分布的土丘的水土流失状况。结果表明:(1)研究区平地和坡地新生土丘单位面积年均土壤流失量分别为4 039.91,3 731.79 g/m~2,单位面积年均土壤有机质流失量分别为266.83,252.76 mg/m~2,土壤侵蚀级别为中度侵蚀;(2)土丘表层土壤粒径0.25 mm和5 mm的团聚体含量均显著小于无土丘草地(P0.05),0.25 mm的团聚体含量显著大于无土丘草地(P0.05);(3)土丘表层土壤肥力和土壤含水量均显著小于无土丘草地表层土壤(P0.05);(4)雨季坡地新生土丘单位面积泥沙流失量显著高于平地新生土丘(P0.05)。风季平地风蚀厚度大于坡地风蚀厚度,分别为4.33,3.62 cm;(5)风季不同丘型土丘的侵蚀厚度表现为大土丘小土丘中土丘,分别为5.50,3.59,2.82 cm。研究认为高原鼢鼠新生土丘会导致高寒草甸风蚀和水蚀发生,且不同地形和不同大小的土丘水土流失情况各异。     

Plant‐compositional effects on surface runoff and sediment yield in subalpine grassland

Soil erosion such as sheet erosion is frequently encountered in subalpine grassland in the Urseren Valley (Swiss Central Alps). Erosion damages have increased enormously in this region during the last 50 y, most likely due to changes in land‐use practices and due to the impact of climatic changes. In order to estimate the effect of vegetation characteristics on surface runoff and sediment loss, we irrigated 22 pasture plots of 1 m² during 1 h at an intense rain rate of 50 mm h^–1 in two field campaigns using a portable rain simulator. The rain‐simulation plots differed in plant composition (herb versus grass dominance) and land‐use intensity but not in plant cover (>90%) nor in soil conditions. Prior to the second rain‐simulation campaign, aboveground vegetation was clipped in order to simulate intense grazing. The generated surface runoffs, sediment loss, relative water retention in the aboveground vegetation, and changes in soil moisture were quantified. Runoff coefficient varied between 0.1% and 25%, and sediment loss ranged between 0 and 0.053 g m^–2. Thus, high infiltration rates and full vegetation cover resulted in very low erosion rates even under such extreme rain events. Surface runoff did not differ significantly between herb‐ and grass‐dominated plots. However, clipping had a notable effect on surface runoff in the test plots under different land‐use intensity. In plots without or with intensive use, surface runoff decreased after clipping whereas in extensively used plots, surface runoff increased after the clipping. This opposite effect was mainly explained by higher necromass and litter presence at the extensively used plots after the clipping treatment. The results obtained here contribute to a better understanding of the importance of vegetation characteristics on surface‐runoff formation, thus, on soil‐erosion control. Overall, we delineate vegetation parameters to be crucial in soil‐erosion control which are directly modified by the land‐use management.     

宁夏中部干旱带砂田抗风蚀性能研究

利用风洞模拟实验,研究了净风和挟沙风对砂田土壤风蚀的影响.结果表明:在净风吹蚀下,原状砂田的风蚀速率(0.37 gm-2 min-1)分别是农田和荒地的1/4和1/5,风蚀速率随风速的增加呈指数函数递增,其中砂田的递增速度低于农田或荒地;翻耕后的砂田在常见风速下的风蚀速率与农田和荒地相近(分别为1.67 g m-2 min-1、1.75 gm-2 min-1和1.83 gm-2 min-1),但在大风日则低于农田和荒地(分别为3.61 gm-2 min-1、58.83 g m-2 min-1和13.92 gm-2 min-1).挟砂田沙的风沙流吹蚀导致农田和翻耕砂田的风蚀速率增加,原状砂田则出现轻微的风积现象;挟农田土的风沙流吹蚀使原状砂田、翻耕砂田和荒地产生显著的风积,农田则出现更强烈的风蚀;挟沙风吹蚀下的风蚀(积)速率与风速的关系呈二次曲线函数.砂田的粗糙度明显高于农田(分别为0.023 cm和0.002 cm),且随着风速的增加,其间的差值越大;砂田和农田在不同风速条件下的风速廓线均可用指数函数表述.农田和荒地在压砂利用后,其抗风蚀和减尘性能显著增强.     

Influence of land use (savanna,pasture, Eucalyptus plantations) on soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in Brazil

In Brazil, most Eucalyptus stands have been planted on Cerrado (shrubby savanna) or on Cerrado converted into pasture. Case studies are needed to assess the effect of such land use changes on soil fertility and C sequestration. In this study, the influence of Cerrado land development (pasture and Eucalyptus plantations) on soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (SON) stocks were quantified in southern Brazil. Two contrasted silvicultural practices were also compared: 60 years of short‐rotation silviculture (EUC_SR) versus 60 years of continuous growth (EUC_HF). C and N soil concentrations and bulk densities were measured and modelled for each vegetation type, and SOC and SON stocks were calculated down to a depth of 1 m by a continuous function. Changes in SOC and SON stocks mainly occurred in the forest floor (no litter in pasture and up to 0.87 kg C m^?2 and 0.01 kg N m^?2 in EUC_SR) and upper soil horizons. C and N stocks and their confidence intervals were greatly influenced by the methodology used to compute these layers. C/N ratio and ¹³C analysis showed that down to a depth of 30 cm, the Cerrado organic matter was replaced by organic matter from newly introduced vegetation by as much as 75–100% for pasture and about 50% for EUC_HF, poorer in N for Eucalyptus stands (C/N larger than 18 for Eucalyptus stands). Under pasture, 0–30 cm SON stocks (0.25 kg N m^?2) were between 10 and 20% greater than those of the Cerrado (0.21 kg N m^?2), partly due to soil compaction (limit bulk density at soil surface from 1.23 for the Cerrado to 1.34 for pasture). Land development on the Cerrado increased SOC stocks in the 0–30 cm layer by between 15 and 25% (from 2.99 (Cerrado) to 3.86 (EUC_SR) kg C m^?2). When including litter layers, total 0–30 cm carbon stocks increased by 35% for EUC_HF (4.50 kg C m^?2) and 53% for EUC_SR (5.08 kg C m^?2), compared with the Cerrado (3.28 kg C m^?2), independently of soil compaction.     

南方花岗岩红壤区不同土地利用类型坡地产流与侵蚀产沙研究

基于自然坡面径流小区,分析了南方花岗岩红壤区5种典型土地利用下坡面地表径流与侵蚀产沙规律.结果表明,不同地类地表径流与侵蚀产沙分异规律明显.裸露荒地、坡耕地、早地和疏林地的地表径流分别是典型林分林地的1 354.9%,1 099.9%,712.3%和285.4%;不同地类土壤侵蚀强度排序为裸露荒地＞坡耕地＞旱地＞疏林地＞典型林分林地,说明植被能较好地调蓄地表径流和减少侵蚀产沙.在不同降雨强度和雨型条件下,不同土地利用的坡面产流与侵蚀产沙也表现出显著的差异.裸露荒地、坡耕地、旱地、疏林地是研究区主要的侵蚀产沙地类.基于径流小区次降雨条件下径流和侵蚀产沙观测资料,建立了不同地类坡面径流与侵蚀产沙的回归方程.     

Impacts of rainstorms on soil erosion and organic matter for different cover crop systems in the western coast agricultural region of Syria

More and more cultivated coastal territories of Syria are being affected by increasing land degradation processes, specifically, by soil erosion due to non‐sustainable soil management. The use of cover crops can be considered an ideal solution to reduce the negative impacts of extreme rainfall events on soil erosion. However, there is no enough information about the main cultivated areas of Syria due to the current conflicts and the very few types of research conducted there. Therefore, the main aim of this research was to assess soil erosion (soil loss and sediment concentration) and hydrological response (run‐off and infiltration) considering the impact of different types of cropping systems on soil organic matter. To achieve this goal, using erosion plots, five grouped natural rainfall events and soil samples were collected, and infiltration measurements were performed between November 2012 and April 2013 (rainy season) on three different cropping systems (wheat, vetch, bean and control) with different sloping gradients (8% and 20%) in Tartous governorate (W Syria). Our results showed a cumulative rainfall amount from 68.8 to 201 mm during the study period. The highest sediment yield was generated in the control and wheat plots, registering 0.468 and 0.368 kg m^?2, respectively, with an inclination of 8%. For an inclination of 20%, the control and wheat plots registered 1.145 and 0.967 kg m^?2, respectively. In comparison with the control plots, there was a decrease in the total eroded organic matter, which ranged from 0.0579 (control) to 0.0289 (bean) kg m^?2 year^?1 in the plots with 20% inclination, and from 0.0233 (control) to 0.0069 (bean) kg m^?2 year^?1 with 8% inclination. To sum up, bean and vetch play an effective role to mitigate soil erosion, delay run‐off and reduce sediment yield. The output of this research provides first insights into the impact of different land uses on soil loss. Also, it could help rural inhabitants and farmers to correctly manage their soils against soil erosion processes.     

Surface runoff and soil erosion in a natural regeneration area of the Brazilian Cerrado

The Brazilian Cerrado has been converted to farmland, and there is little evidence that this expansion will decrease, mainly because agriculture is the country’s main economic sector. However, the impacts of intense modification of land use and land cover on surface runoff and soil erosion are still poorly understood in this region. Here, we assessed surface runoff and soil loss in a woodland Cerrado area under a former pasture area, which was abandoned and has undergone a natural regeneration process for 7 years (RC). Its results were compared with that found in an undisturbed area of woodland Cerrado (CE), 40-month-old eucalyptus (3.0 × 1.8 m) (EU), and pasture under rotational grazing (PA). The study was conducted on Red Acrisol located in the Brazilian Cerrado. We performed rainfall simulations on a plot of 0.7 m² and using three constant rainfall intensities of 60, 90, and 120 mm h⁻¹ for 1 h. For each rainfall intensity, we carried out four repetitions using different plots in each treatment, i.e. 12 plots per treatment studied and 48 plots in total. We noted that the soil physical properties were improved in RC and, consequently, water infiltration and soil erosion control; RC presented surface runoff and soil loss different from EU and PA (α = 0.05). The macroporosity and soil bulk density affected surface runoff in RC and PA because the RC was used as pasture and is currently regenerating back to the cerrado vegetation. As the rainfall intensity increased, EU became more similar to PA, which showed the highest surface runoff and soil loss. Our findings indicate that natural regeneration processes (pasture to the cerrado vegetation) tend to improve the soil ecosystem services, improving infiltration and reducing surface runoff and soil erosion.